The DOI matches its Crossref record; 183 of the 185 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effects of prenatal infection on brain development and behavior: A review of findings from animal models
Abstract
Epidemiological studies with human populations indicate associations between maternal infection during pregnancy and increased risk in offspring for central nervous system (CNS) disorders including schizophrenia, autism and cerebral palsy. Since 2000, a large number of studies have used rodent models of systemic prenatal infection or prenatal immune activation to characterize changes in brain function and behavior caused by the prenatal insult. This review provides a comprehensive summary of these findings, and examines consistencies and trends across studies in an effort to provide a perspective on our current state of understanding from this body of work. Results from these animal modeling studies clearly indicate that prenatal immune activation can cause both acute and lasting changes in behavior and CNS structure and function in offspring. Across laboratories, studies vary with respect to the type, dose and timing of immunogen administration during gestation, species used, postnatal age examined and specific outcome measure quantified. This makes comparison across studies and assessment of replicability difficult. With regard to mechanisms, evidence for roles for several acute mediators of effects of prenatal immune activation has emerged, including circulating interleukin-6, increased placental cytokines and oxidative stress in the fetal brain. However, information required to describe the complete mechanistic pathway responsible for acute effects of prenatal immune activation on fetal brain is lacking, and no studies have yet addressed the issue of how acute prenatal exposure to an immunogen is transduced into a long-term CNS change in the postnatal animal. Directions for further research are discussed.
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“Schizophrenia and autism share many immune similarities, including a subset of patients with an etiology based in maternal infection and immune activation (Bauman et al, 2014;Boksa, 2010;Brown et al, 2004a;Meyer et al, 2005Meyer et al, , 2007;;Patterson, 2009;Urakubo et al, 2001).”
From The Role of the Immune System in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Boksa, 2010
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Cites
Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior
Weaver, I. C. G., Cervoni, N., Champagne, F. A., D'Alessio, A. C., Sharma, S., Seckl, J. R., Dymov, S., Szyf, M., & Meaney, M. J. (2004) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1276 · Cited by 6,177
Toll-like receptors in the induction of the innate immune response
Aderem, A. A., & Ulevitch, R. J. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35021228 · Cited by 3,082
Maternal Immune Activation Alters Fetal Brain Development through Interleukin-6
Smith, S. E. P., Li, J., Garbett, K., Mirnics, K., & Patterson, P. H. (2007) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2178-07.2007 · Cited by 1,605
Prenatal Infection and Schizophrenia: A Review of Epidemiologic and Translational Studies
Brown, A. S., & Derkits, E. J. (2010) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09030361 · Cited by 1,269
Adult Schizophrenia Following Prenatal Exposure to an Influenza Epidemic
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Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence: Gender and Psychopathology
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Maternal influenza infection causes marked behavioral and pharmacological changes in the offspring
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Effect of the Ketogenic Diet on Behavioral Symptoms of Autism in the Poly(IC) Mouse Model
Slade, S. L. (2015) · Trinity College Digital Repository (Trinity College, Hartford CT)
Rodriguez, J. L. R. (2011) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.59.2011.tde-27042011-151313
Metadata
- Authors
- Boksa, P.
- Affiliations
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Boksa, Patricia
- ORCID
- Boksa, Patricia
- Venue
- Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 881-897
- ISSN
- 0889-1591 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2007305673
- Cited by
- 603
- References
- 185
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 49 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 49 · 2013: 52 · 2012: 48
- FWCI
- 3.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Behavior and Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- prenatal infection, prenatal immune activation, maternal infection, rodent models, brain development, offspring behavior, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, interleukin-6, placental cytokines, oxidative stress, fetal brain, central nervous system disorders
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Brain Chemistry, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Fetus, Infections, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Mice, Rats
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