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Perchlorate, iodine and the thyroid
Open accessAbstract
In pharmacologic doses, perchlorate inhibits thyroidal iodine uptake and subsequently decreases thyroid hormone production. Although pharmacologic doses may be used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, recent literature has focussed on the detection of low levels of perchlorate in the environment, groundwater and foodstuffs and their potential adverse effects on human thyroid function. This is of particular concern to the developing foetus and infant, whose normal neurodevelopment depends on adequate iodine intake for the production of thyroid hormones. Further research is needed to clarify the potential health effects of low-level chronic environmental perchlorate exposure. The health impact of environmental perchlorate may be dependent upon adequate iodine intake and should be interpreted in combination with other environmental exposures that are also potential thyroidal endocrine disruptors.
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“In humans, trace quantities of ClO 4 competitively inhibit iodine ions from being taken up in the thyroid gland, resulting in disruption of hormone output which eventually can lead to severe disruption of organ systems (Leung et al., 2010).”
From Cyanobacteria and microalgae in supporting human habitation on Mars (2022) · cites this paper as Leung et al., 2010
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Stagnaro-Green, A., Abalovich, M., Alexander, E., Azizi, F., Mestman, J., Negro, R., Nixon, A., Pearce, E. N., Soldin, O. P., Sullivan, S., et al. (2011) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2011.0087 · Cited by 2,942
Self-citationAlexander, E. K., Pearce, E. N., Brent, G. A., Brown, R. S., Chen, H., Dosiou, C., Grobman, W. A., Laurberg, P., Lazarus, J. H., Mandel, S. J., et al. (2017) · Thyroid® · doi:10.1089/thy.2016.0457 · Cited by 2,731
Self-citationThe epidemiology of global micronutrient deficiencies
Bailey, R. L., West Jr., K. P., & Black, R. E. (2015) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000371618 · Cited by 2,035
Environmental pollutants and the thyroid
Pearce, E. N., & Braverman, L. E. (2009) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.beem.2009.06.003 · Cited by 204
Self-citationKiani, A. K., Dhuli, K., Donato, K., Aquilanti, B., Velluti, V., Matera, G., Iaconelli, A., Connelly, S., Bellinato, F., Gisondi, P., et al. (2022) · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · doi:10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2752 · Cited by 213
Metadata
- Authors
- Leung, A. M., Pearce, E. N., & Braverman, L. E.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pearce, Elizabeth N.
- Venue
- Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-02
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 133-141
- ISSN
- 1521-690X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4137763
- OpenAlex
- W1965540535
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 0.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K23HD068552)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Chemical Analysis and Environmental Impact
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Water Treatment and Disinfection
- Keywords
- perchlorate, iodine, thyroid function, thyroid hormone synthesis, hyperthyroidism, groundwater contamination, food contamination, endocrine disruptors
- MeSH terms
- Sodium-Iodide Symporters, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Humans, Iodine, Lactation, Perchlorates, Pregnancy, Antithyroid Agents, Thyroid Gland, Symporters
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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