Cloning and characterization of the thyroid iodide transporter
Abstract
Iodide (I-) is an essential constituent of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4, and is accumulated by the thyroid. The transport of iodide, the first step in thyroid hormogenesis, is catalysed by the Na+/I- symporter, an intrinsic membrane protein that is crucial for the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disorders. Although several other important thyroid proteins involved in hormogenesis have been characterized, the Na+/I- symporter has not. Here we report the isolation of a complementary DNA clone that encodes this symporter, as a result of functional screening of a cDNA library from a rat thyroid-derived cell line (FRTL-5) in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Oocyte microinjection of an RNA transcript made in vitro from this cDNA clone elicited a more than 700-fold increase in perchlorate-sensitive Na+/I- symport activity over background. To our knowledge, this is the first iodide-transporting molecule to have its cDNA cloned, providing a missing link in the thyroid hormone biosynthetic pathway.
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Iodide uptake is a fundamental step in thyroid hormone biosynthesis, and TPO is a key enzyme in thyroid hormone biosynthesis.
“Iodide uptake is a fundamental step in thyroid hormone biosynthesis, and TPO is a key enzyme in thyroid hormone biosynthesis (Dai et al. 1996, Carvalho & Ferreira 2007); therefore, the decreased thyroid hormone levels appear to be secondary to the decreased NIS function and TPO activity.”
From Administration of 3,5-diiodothyronine (3,5-T2) causes central hypothyroidism and stimulates thyroid-sensitive tissues (2014) · cites this paper as Dai et al. 1996
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- Authors
- Dai, G., Levy, O., & Carrasco, N.
- Affiliations
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 1996-02
- Volume
- 379
- Issue
- 6564
- Pages
- 458-460
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2034083247
- Cited by
- 1,109
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 32.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Chemical Analysis and Environmental Impact
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Keywords
- Na+/I- symporter, iodide transport, thyroid hormone synthesis, cDNA cloning, FRTL-5 cells, oocyte expression, functional complementation, rat thyroid
- MeSH terms
- Sodium-Iodide Symporters, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Carrier Proteins, Cell Line, Cloning, Molecular, Membrane Proteins, Molecular Sequence Data, Thyroid Gland, Xenopus laevis, DNA, Complementary, Symporters
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