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Cited by 123Muscle metabolism and nutritionNutrition and Health in AgingMuscle Physiology and Disorders

Altered responses in skeletal muscle protein turnover during aging in anabolic and catabolic periods

Attaix, Didier, Mosoni, Laurent, Dardevet, Dominique, Combaret, Lydie, Mirand, Philippe Patureau, Grizard, Jean·2005·The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
DOI 10.1016/j.biocel.2005.04.009
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Abstract

One of the most important effects of aging is sarcopenia, which is associated with impaired locomotion and general weakness. In addition, there is increased susceptibility to illness in aging, which often results in muscle wasting episodes. In such instances, the mobilization of muscle proteins provides free amino acids that are used for energetic purpose, the synthesis of acute phase proteins, and the immune response. However, since muscle protein mass is already depleted, the ability of the aged organism to recover from stress is impaired. Therefore, elucidating the mechanisms that result in sarcopenia is of obvious importance. Age-related changes in protein synthesis and proteolysis are rather small and our current methodology does not enable one to establish unequivocally whether sarcopenia results from depressed protein synthesis, increased proteolysis or both. By contrast, in anabolic and catabolic periods, a number of dysregulations in muscle protein turnover became clearly apparent. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of such altered responses to nutrients and catabolic treatments, which may ultimately contribute to explain sarcopenia. This includes impaired recovery in catabolic states, impaired anabolic effects of nutrients, in particular leucine, and a lack of regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic system. These alterations are discussed with respect to modifications in the insulin/IGF-1 axis and glucocorticoid related effects.

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  • The anabolic effects of insulin and amino acids on protein synthesis are enhanced by physical activity and some nutrients (omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D) and are impaired by sedentary lifestyle, bed rest, or immobilization.

    “The anabolic effects of insulin and amino acids on protein synthesis are enhanced by physical activity and some nutrients (omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D) and are impaired by sedentary lifestyle, bed rest, or immobilization (Figure 2).53,120,121”

    From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as [121]

  • Chronically high cortisol plausibly contributes to frailty, since it promotes catabolism and can cause muscle wasting, anorexia, weight loss and lower energy use-features typical of frailty.

    “A link between chronically elevated cortisol and frailty is plausible, as persistently high levels of cortisol are associated with increased catabolism, leading to loss of muscle mass, anorexia, weight loss and reduced energy expenditure - cardinal clinical features of frailty (49).”

    From Frailty in elderly people (2013) · cites this paper as [49]

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Authors
Attaix, D., Mosoni, L., Dardevet, D., Combaret, L., Mirand, P. P., & Grizard, J.
Affiliations
  • Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne (FR)
  • Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (FR)
Corresponding author
Attaix, Didier
ORCID
Venue
The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2005-10
Volume
37
Issue
10
Pages
1962-1973
ISSN
1357-2725 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.biocel.2005.04.009
OpenAlex
W2016595949
Cited by
123
References
92
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 8
FWCI
0.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
  • Instituto Danone
  • Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation
  • Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Keywords
sarcopenia, skeletal muscle protein turnover, aging, muscle protein synthesis, proteolysis, muscle atrophy, catabolic stress, leucine, ubiquitin-proteasome system, glucocorticoids, stress recovery
MeSH terms
Aging, Amino Acids, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Insulin, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Muscle Proteins, Starvation, Muscle, Skeletal

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