Lymphocytes from rheumatoid arthritis patients have elevated levels of intracellular peroxiredoxin 2, and a greater frequency of cells with exofacial peroxiredoxin 2, compared with healthy human lymphocytes
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Peroxiredoxin 2 has immune regulatory functions, but its expression in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and levels in extracellular fluid in healthy subjects and rheumatoid arthritis patients are poorly described. In the present study, the median intracellular peroxiredoxin 2 protein content of lymphocytes from rheumatoid arthritis patients was more than two-fold higher compared with healthy subjects' lymphocytes. Intracellular peroxiredoxin 3 levels were similar in healthy and rheumatoid arthritis lymphocytes. Flow cytometry detected peroxiredoxin 2 on the surface of ca. 8% of T cells and ca. 56% of B cells (median % values) of all subjects analyzed. Exofacial thioredoxin-1 was also observed. In the total lymphocyte population from rheumatoid arthritis patients, few cells (median, 6%) displayed surface peroxiredoxin 2. In contrast, a significantly increased proportion of interleukin-17(+ve) lymphocytes were exofacially peroxiredoxin 2(+ve) (median, 39%). Prdx2 was also detected in human extracellular fluids. We suggest that crucial inflammatory cell subsets, i.e. interleukin-17(+ve) T cells, exhibit increased exofacial redox-regulating enzymes and that peroxiredoxin 2 may be involved in the persistence of pro-inflammatory cells in chronic inflammation.
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Peroxiredoxin 2 has been found to be secreted by inflammatory cells and is elevated in synovial fluids and serum in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
“PRX2 has been found to be secreted by inflammatory cells and is elevated in synovial fluids and serum in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (Szabo-Taylor et al. 2012).”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Szabo-Taylor et al. 2012
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Salzano, S. (2013) · University of Brighton Repository (University of Brighton) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Redox Regulation Mechanisms in Inflammatory Macrophages
Diotallevi, M. (2017)
Remtulla, A. H. (2019) · Aston Publications Explorer (Aston University) · doi:10.48780/publications.aston.ac.uk.00041270
Shen, J., Li, L., Leng, L., Li, J., Zhao, X., & Li, X. (2026) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.21004
Mielle, J. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/97ba80d1z789ez4813zabfbz668b70bf3519
Peroxiredoxins in disease biology: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities
Jiang, Y., Yao, X., Sun, X., 王小同, Xia, P., & Wei, M. (2026) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2026.1955614
- Authors
- Szabó-Taylor, K. É., Eggleton, P., Turner, C. A. L., Faro, M. L. L., Tarr, J. M., Tóth, S., Whiteman, M., Haigh, R. C., Littlechild, J. A., & Winyard, P. G.
- Affiliations
- Semmelweis University (HU)
- University of Exeter (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Winyard, Paul G.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-08
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1223-1231
- ISSN
- 1357-2725 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3425769
- OpenAlex
- W2075658381
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Northcott Devon Medical Foundation
- Peninsula Medical School
- European Union FP7 Marie Curie ITN program (215009)
- Arthritis Research UK (17231)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
- Keywords
- peroxiredoxin 2, rheumatoid arthritis, peripheral blood lymphocytes, thioredoxin-1, peroxiredoxin 3, redox regulation, chronic inflammation, B cells, T cells
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, B-Lymphocytes, Female, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Intracellular Fluid, Lymphocytes, Male, Middle Aged, Oxidation-Reduction, T-Lymphocytes, Thioredoxins, Blotting, Western, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Interleukin-17, Extracellular Fluid, Peroxiredoxins, Peroxiredoxin III
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