The DOI matches its Crossref record; 254 of the 257 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Emergence of synthetic mRNA: In vitro synthesis of mRNA and its applications in regenerative medicine
Abstract
The field of gene therapy has evolved over the past two decades after the first introduction of nucleic acid drugs, such as plasmid DNA (pDNA). With the development of in vitro transcription (IVT) methods, synthetic mRNA has become an emerging class of gene therapy. IVT mRNA has several advantages over conventional pDNA for the expression of target proteins. mRNA does not require nuclear localization to mediate protein translation. The intracellular process for protein expression is much simpler and there is no potential risk of insertion mutagenesis. Having these advantages, the level of protein expression is far enhanced as comparable to that of viral expression systems. This makes IVT mRNA a powerful alternative gene expression system for various applications in regenerative medicine. In this review, we highlight the synthesis and preparation of IVT mRNA and its therapeutic applications. The article includes the design and preparation of IVT mRNA, chemical modification of IVT mRNA, and therapeutic applications of IVT mRNA in cellular reprogramming, stem cell engineering, and protein replacement therapy. Finally, future perspectives and challenges of IVT mRNA are discussed.
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In the citing paper
“The 5′-cap structure prevents mRNA from degradation by exonucleases, thereby maintaining mRNA stability and enabling translation initiation.115”
From Advances in COVID-19 mRNA vaccine development (2022) · cites this paper as [115]
In the citing paper
“Co-transcriptional capping is the most commonly used method in IVT for mRNA,115”
From Advances in COVID-19 mRNA vaccine development (2022) · cites this paper as [115]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kwon, H., Kim, M., Seo, Y., Moon, Y. S., Lee, H. J., Lee, K., & Lee, H.
- Affiliations
- Ewha Womans University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Kyuri
- Lee, Hyukjin
- Venue
- Biomaterials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-02
- Volume
- 156
- Pages
- 172-193
- ISSN
- 0142-9612 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2769785887
- Cited by
- 208
- References
- 257
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 0.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biomaterials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (2014M3C1A3054153)
- GiRC Program (2012K1A1A2A01056092)
- Basic Science Research Program (2015R1A1A1A05027352)
- BioMedical Technology Development Program (2015M3A9D7031026)
- Ministry of Education (2017R1D1A1B03028278)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Keywords
- synthetic mRNA, in vitro transcription, regenerative medicine, mRNA design, cellular reprogramming, stem cell engineering, protein replacement therapy, nucleic acid therapeutics
- MeSH terms
- Animals, DNA, Humans, Plasmids, RNA, Messenger, Stem Cells, Regenerative Medicine, Cell Engineering
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