Cited by 3,444Immune Response and Inflammationinterferon and immune responsesImmunotherapy and Immune Responses

Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNA

Diebold, Sandra S., Kaisho, Tsuneyasu, Hemmi, Hiroaki, Akira, Shizuo, Reis e Sousa, Caetano·2004·Science

Abstract

Interferons (IFNs) are critical for protection from viral infection, but the pathways linking virus recognition to IFN induction remain poorly understood. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells produce vast amounts of IFN-alpha in response to the wild-type influenza virus. Here, we show that this requires endosomal recognition of influenza genomic RNA and signaling by means of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and MyD88. Single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) molecules of nonviral origin also induce TLR7-dependent production of inflammatory cytokines. These results identify ssRNA as a ligand for TLR7 and suggest that cells of the innate immune system sense endosomal ssRNA to detect infection by RNA viruses.

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Crossref · 10.1126/science.1093616

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Authors
Diebold, S. S., Kaisho, T., Hemmi, H., Akira, S., & Reis e Sousa, C.
Affiliations
  • Cancer Research UK (GB)
  • Immunobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, London WC2A 3PX, UK.
Venue
Science
Published
2004-03-05
Volume
303
Issue
5663
Pages
1529-1531
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W1994391392
Cited by
3,444
References
24
Citations by year
2026: 72 · 2025: 84 · 2024: 93 · 2023: 101 · 2022: 117 · 2021: 136 · 2020: 133 · 2019: 113 · 2018: 115 · 2017: 117 · 2016: 127 · 2015: 135 · 2014: 161 · 2013: 166 · 2012: 169
FWCI
93.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Keywords
TLR7, single-stranded RNA, antiviral innate immunity, interferon-alpha, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, influenza virus, MyD88 signaling, RNA virus detection, inflammatory cytokines
MeSH terms
Animals, Antigens, Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Dendritic Cells, Endocytosis, Immunity, Innate, Ligands, Membrane Glycoproteins, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Influenza A virus, Poly U, Polyribonucleotides, Receptors, Cell Surface, Receptors, Immunologic, Endosomes, RNA, RNA, Viral, Signal Transduction, Cytokines, Genome, Viral, Interferon-alpha, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Toll-Like Receptor 7, Mice, Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88

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