Biochar-supported zerovalent iron for removal of various contaminants from aqueous solutions
Abstract
This work describes the synthesis and testing of a novel environmental sorbent that combines the advantages of biochar, chitosan, and zerovalent iron (ZVI). Chitosan was used as a dispersing and soldering reagent to attach fine ZVI particles onto bamboo biochar surfaces. Characterization of the resulted ZVI-biochar composites (BBCF) indicated that chitosan effectively soldered the iron particles onto carbonaceous surfaces within the biochar pore networks. The BBCF showed enhanced ability to sorb heavy metals (Pb(II), Cr(VI), and As(V)), phosphate (P), and methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The removal of Pb(II), Cr(VI), and MB by the biochar-supported ZVI was mainly controlled by both the reduction and surface adsorption mechanisms. Removal of anionic contaminants (As(V) and P) was likely controlled by electrostatic attraction with the iron particles on the BBCF surfaces. An additional benefit is that the contaminant-laden BBCF could be removed from aqueous solution easily by magnetic attraction.
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Recent studies demonstrated great efficiencies of amino- and nZVI-modified biochar for metals, E. coli, and nitrate removal from stormwater.
“Recent studies regarding metals, E. coli, and nitrate removal from stormwater demonstrated great efficiencies of amino-and nZVI-modified biochar [9,[34][35][36].”
From Application of Biochar in Stormwater Treatment: Experimental and Modeling Investigation (2021) · cites this paper as [34]
Metal removal efficiency increases with increasing nZVI:biochar mass ratios, where efficiencies reached 100% when the addition of nZVI/biochar was >2:1.
“Additionally, metal removal efficiency increases with increasing nZVI:biochar mass ratios, where efficiencies reached 100% when the addition of nZVI/biochar was >2:1 [34].”
From Application of Biochar in Stormwater Treatment: Experimental and Modeling Investigation (2021) · cites this paper as [34]
Zhou et al. first adopted biochar as mechanical support to disperse and stabilize ZVI nano-particles to remediate Pb(II), Cr(VI), As(V), phosphate (P), and methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions.
“Zhou et al. first adopted biochar as mechanical support to disperse and stabilize ZVI nano-particles to remediate Pb(II), Cr(VI), As(V), phosphate (P), and methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions.133”
From Sustainable remediation with an electroactive biochar system: mechanisms and perspectives (2020) · cites this paper as [133]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Zhou, Y., Gao, B., Zimmerman, A. R., Chen, H., Zhang, M., & Cao, X.
- Affiliations
- Henan University (CN)
- University of Florida (US)
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Gao, Bin
- Venue
- Bioresource Technology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-01
- Volume
- 152
- Pages
- 538-542
- ISSN
- 0960-8524 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2120025418
- Cited by
- 421
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 8
- FWCI
- 8.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Bioresource Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- China Scholarship Council
- Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Arsenic contamination and mitigation
- Keywords
- biochar, zero-valent iron, chitosan, heavy metal removal, lead, hexavalent chromium, arsenate, phosphate removal, methylene blue, adsorption, reduction mechanism, electrostatic attraction, magnetic separation, sorbent synthesis, bamboo biochar
- MeSH terms
- Charcoal, Iron, Solutions, Thermogravimetry, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Metals, Heavy, Chitosan
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