Behavioral and Morphological Effects of Minocycline in the 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Abstract
The neuropathology in many neurodegenerative diseases is mediated by inflammatory cascades that influence neuronal dysfunction and death. Minocycline reduces the neurodegeneration observed in various models of Parkinson's. We exploited the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion model to assess the effect of minocycline on related neurodegeneration. Thirty Fisher 344 rats were divided into three daily treatment groups: (1) after: 45 mg/kg of minocycline beginning 24 h after lesioning; (2) before: 45 mg/kg of minocycline beginning 3 days before 6-OHDA lesioning; (3) control: corresponding saline-treated controls. Animals were assessed for apomorphine-induced rotations for 4 weeks. A longitudinal model for repeated measures showed that both after and before groups had significantly lower rotations than controls (P < 0.001 for both comparisons). Pair-wise group comparisons showed that the before animals rotated less compared to controls (mean rotations: 164 +/- 38 versus 386 +/- 49, respectively, P = 0.001). After animals also rotated significantly less then controls (mean rotations: 125 +/- 41 versus 386 +/- 49, respectively, P < 0.001). Animals receiving minocycline displayed reduced tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cell loss in the lesioned nigra versus contralateral nonlesioned nigra, compared to controls (mean differences: 5065 for after, 3550 for before, and 6483 for controls; P = 0.158 for after versus controls, P = 0.019 for before versus controls). The remaining lesioned nigral cells of both minocycline-treated groups were larger than controls, with the most robust cell size and fiber density observed in the after group. These data suggest that the therapeutic potential of minocycline may depend on the time of drug administration relative to neuropathogenic event.
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Minocycline molecular changes explain increased striatal dopamine levels and cognitive and locomotor improvements in zebrafish, mouse, and rat models.
“Of note, these molecular changes seem to explain the increased striatal dopamine levels as well as the cognitive and locomotor improvements observed in zebrafish, mouse, and rat models [259,260,264,268,269,270,271].”
From The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [270]
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- Authors
- Quintero, E. M., Willis, L., Singleton, R., Harris, N., Huang, P., Bhat, N., & Granholm, A.-C.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Benedict College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Quintero, Elias Matthew
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-06
- Volume
- 1093
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 198-207
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2078036765
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG023630)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Keywords
- minocycline, Parkinson's disease, 6-hydroxydopamine lesion, neuroprotection, neuroinflammation, apomorphine-induced rotation, tyrosine hydroxylase, substantia nigra, dopaminergic neuron loss, cell morphology, timing of drug administration, neurodegeneration
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Minocycline, Nerve Degeneration, Rats, Inbred F344, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase, Oxidopamine, Adrenergic Agents, Neuroprotective Agents, Parkinsonian Disorders, Rats
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