Intra-amygdala microinjections of chlorpheniramine impair memory formation or memory retrieval in anxiety- and fear-mediated models
Open accessAbstract
H1 receptor histaminergic antagonist, chlorpheniramine (CPA) participates in cognitive performance in various animal models. However, little is known regarding the effects of CPA microinjection into the amygdala on emotional behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether CPA microinjection into the amygdala has the same effect on two models, one anxiety- and the other fear-mediated, in various memory stages using the elevated plus maze (EPM) and the inhibitory avoidance task (IAT) tests. Two experiments were performed with seventy-two adult male Swiss mice. Behavioral testing was performed on two consecutive days, and in both experiments, before each trial, the animals received bilateral microinjections of saline (SAL) or CPA (0.16 nmol). The animals were re-exposed to the EPM or IAT 24h after the first trial. Four experimental groups were tested: SAL-SAL, SAL-CPA, CPA-SAL and CPA-CPA. In experiment 1, a decreased open arm exploration (% open arm entries, %OAE and% open arms time, %OAT) for SAL-SAL and SAL-CPA was showed, while these measures did not decrease for the CPA-SAL and CPA-CPA groups in Trial 2. In experiment 2, an increase of retention latency in relation to training 2 for the groups SAL-SAL and CPA-SAL and a significant decrease in latency for the group SAL-CPA was revealed. These results indicate that chlorpheniramine microinjection into the amygdala impairs emotional memory acquisition and/or consolidation in the EPM and retrieval of IAT.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Amygdala H1-receptor blockade impairs retrieval in inhibitory-avoidance.
“amygdala H1-receptor blockade impairs retrieval in inhibitory-avoidance”
From Infraslow histaminergic dynamics govern priming states to gate moment-to-moment memory accessibility (2026) · cites this paper as [31]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
Paxinos, G. (2001) · Cited by 12,859 · see citing works
Validation of open:closed arm entries in an elevated plus-maze as a measure of anxiety in the rat
Pellow, S., Chopin, P., File, S. E., & Briley, M. (1985) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/0165-0270(85)90031-7 · Cited by 5,822 · see citing works
The use of a plus-maze to measure anxiety in the mouse
Lister, R. G. (1987) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00177912 · Cited by 2,617 · see citing works
Phasic vs Sustained Fear in Rats and Humans: Role of the Extended Amygdala in Fear vs Anxiety
Davis, M., Walker, D. L., Miles, L., & Grillon, C. (2010) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2009.109 · Cited by 1,488 · see citing works
A two-dimensional neuropsychology of defense: fear/anxiety and defensive distance
McNaughton, N., & Corr, P. J. (2004) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2004.03.005 · Cited by 1,308 · see citing works
Pape, H.-C., & Pare, D. (2010) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00037.2009 · Cited by 994 · see citing works
Ethological and temporal analyses of anxiety-like behavior: The elevated plus-maze model 20 years on
Carobrez, A. P., & Bertoglio, L. J. (2005) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.04.017 · Cited by 993 · see citing works
The role of histamine and the tuberomamillary nucleus in the nervous system
Haas, H. L., & Panula, P. (2003) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1034 · Cited by 914 · see citing works
Rodgers, R. J., & Johnson, N. J. (1995) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(95)00138-m · Cited by 793 · see citing works
Molecular mechanisms of memory acquisition, consolidation and retrieval
Abel, T. G., & Lattal, K. M. (2001) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(00)00194-x · Cited by 689 · see citing works
The basic emotional circuits of mammalian brains: Do animals have affective lives?
Panksepp, J. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.08.003 · Cited by 562 · see citing works
Involvement of Hormonal and Neuromodulatory Systems in the Regulation of Memory Storage
McGaugh, J. L. (1989) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.12.030189.001351 · Cited by 562 · see citing works
Molecular mechanisms underlying emotional learning and memory in the lateral amygdala
Rodrigues, S. M., Schafe, G. E., & LeDoux, J. E. (2004) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.09.014 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
The Frontoparietal Control System: A Central Role in Mental Health
Cole, M. W., Repovš, G., & Anticevic, A. (2014) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858414525995 · Cited by 461 · see citing works
Defense system psychopharmacology: An ethological approach to the pharmacology of fear and anxiety
Blanchard, R. J., Yudko, E. B., Rodgers, R. J., & Blanchard, D. C. (1993) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0166-4328(93)90100-5 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Makkar, S., Zhang, S., & Cranney, J. (2010) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2010.53 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Page, K. J., Everitt, B. J., Robbins, T. W., Marston, H. M., & Wilkinson, L. S. (1991) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(91)90308-b · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Fine, A., Dunnett, S. B., Björklund, A., & Iversen, S. D. (1985) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.82.15.5227 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Holmes, A. (1998) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(98)00008-2 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Effect of different illumination levels on rat behavior in the elevated plus-maze
Garcia, A. M. B., Cárdenas, F. P., & Morato, S. (2005) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.04.007 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Cholinergic nucleus basalis neurons are excited by histamine in vitro
Khateb, A., Fort, P., Pegna, A. J., Jones, B. E., & Mühlethaler, M. (1995) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(95)00264-j · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Further evidence that anxiety and memory are regionally dissociated within the hippocampus
Bertoglio, L. J., Joca, S. R. L., & Guimarães, F. S. (2006) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2006.08.021 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Towards new approaches to disorders of fear and anxiety
Dias, B. G., Banerjee, S. B., Goodman, J. V., & Ressler, K. J. (2013) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2013.01.013 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Liang, K. (1999) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00561.x · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Ryu, J. H., Yanai, K., Sakurai, E., Kim, C.-Y., & Watanabe, T. (1995) · Developmental Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0165-3806(95)00055-i · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Barbalho, C. A., Nunes‐de‐Souza, R. L., & Canto‐de‐Souza, A. (2009) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.02.042 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Alvarez, E. O., & Ruarte, M. B. (2003) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2003.10.012 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Histamine infused into basolateral amygdala enhances memory consolidation of inhibitory avoidance
Benetti, F., & Izquierdo, I. (2013) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145712001514 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Rodríguez-Durán, L. F., Castillo, D. V., Moguel-González, M., & Escobar, M. L. (2011) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2011.03.003 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Galvis‐Alonso, O. Y., Garcia, A. M. B., Orejarena, M. J., et al. (2010) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.01.007 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Zarrindast, M., Khalilzadeh, A., Malekmohammadi, N., et al. (2006) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2006.03.015 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Serafim, K. R., Kishi, M. S., Canto‐de‐Souza, A., et al. (2013) · Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research · doi:10.1590/1414-431x20132770 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationSerafim, K. R., Gianlorenço, A. C., Daher, F., & Mattioli, R. (2012) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.06.009 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationBaptista, D., Bussadori, K., Nunes‐de‐Souza, R. L., & Canto‐de‐Souza, A. (2009) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.07.055 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Gianlorenço, A. C., Serafim, K. R., Canto‐de‐Souza, A., & Mattioli, R. (2012) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.09.003 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationTirgar, F., Rezayof, A., & Zarrindast, M. R. (2014) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.07.014 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Yasuda, S. U., & Yasuda, R. P. (1999) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1592/phco.19.6.447.31041 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Gianlorenço, A. C., Canto‐de‐Souza, A., & Mattioli, R. (2013) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2013.10.017 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationChlorpheniramine exerts anxiolytic-like effects and activates prefrontal 5-HT systems in mice
Miyata, S., Hirano, S., Ohsawa, M., & Kamei, J. (2009) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1695-0 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Santos, N. (2001) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(01)00228-5 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Impairment of fear memory consolidation and expression by antihistamines
Nonaka, A., Masuda, F., Nomura, H., & Matsuki, N. (2012) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.11.030 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Daher, F., & Mattioli, R. (2015) · Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2015.05.023 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationBenetti, F., da Silveira, C. K. B., Rosa, J., & Izquierdo, I. (2014) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2014.09.031 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Canto‐de‐Souza, L., Garção, D. C., Romaguera, F., et al. (2014) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2014.12.020 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Masuoka, T., Mikami, A., & Kamei, C. (2010) · Journal of Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1254/jphs.10022fp · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Infraslow histaminergic dynamics govern priming states to gate moment-to-moment memory accessibility
Morishita, Y., Takamura, Y., Nishimura, K., Yokoi, Y., Ishihama, Y., Idutsu, R., Ono, M., Matsumoto, R., Hitora-Imamura, N., Minami, M., et al. (2026) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2026.05.019
- Authors
- Serafim, K. R., Russo, P. S. T., Fernandes, C. E. M., Gianlorenço, A. C. L., & Mattioli, R.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (BR)
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Serafim, K.R.
- Venue
- Brain Research Bulletin
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-07
- Volume
- 125
- Pages
- 127-133
- ISSN
- 0361-9230 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2469701845
- Cited by
- 3
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 0.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Brain Research Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2012/10913-0)
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (303088/2014-1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- chlorpheniramine, amygdala, histamine H1 receptor antagonists, anxiety, fear, memory consolidation, memory retrieval, emotional memory, elevated plus maze, passive avoidance, memory impairment
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Animals, Anxiety, Avoidance Learning, Chlorpheniramine, Disease Models, Animal, Fear, Histamine H1 Antagonists, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Memory Disorders, Microinjections, Mental Recall, Maze Learning, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review