The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The effects of modifying interpretation bias on worry in generalized anxiety disorder
Abstract
This study investigated whether facilitating a benign interpretive bias decreases negative thought intrusions in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Clients were randomly allocated to an interpretation modification condition in which they repeatedly accessed benign meanings of emotionally ambiguous homographs and scenarios, or to a control condition in which they accessed threat and benign meanings with equal frequency. Worry frequency was assessed using a breathing focus task that involved categorising the valence of thought intrusions before and after an instructed worry period. Interpretation bias was assessed during the modification tasks, and on a different measure of interpretation bias (sentence completion) following a period of worry. The experimental procedure modified interpretations made during training, and in the later sentence completion task. Furthermore, compared to the control group, the benign group showed fewer negative thought intrusions during breathing focus (as rated by both participants and an assessor). These findings show that it is possible to induce a more benign interpretive bias in GAD clients and that this reduces negative thought intrusions.
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“Sample size was calculated a priori to detect effects similar to those observed in previous studies that have used this self-referential worry task (e.g. Hayes et al., 2010: between-group difference on negative thought intrusions at post-test, f2 = 0.43).”
From Testing the differential effects of acceptance and attention-based psychological interventions on intrusive thoughts and worry (2017) · cites this paper as Hayes et al., 2010
In the citing paper
“This task has been widely used to examine thought intrusions and worry in non-clinical groups (Krebs, Hirsch, & Mathews, 2010), individuals with elevated worry, and generalized anxiety disorder (Hayes et al., 2010, Hirsch et al., 2009) and associated conditions (i.e. insomnia symptoms, Baker, Baldwin, & Garner, 2015).”
From Testing the differential effects of acceptance and attention-based psychological interventions on intrusive thoughts and worry (2017) · cites this paper as Hayes et al., 2010
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Cites
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SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03206553 · Cited by 17,383
Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire
Meyer, T. J., Miller, M. L., Metzger, R. L., & Borkovec, T. D. (1990) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(90)90135-6 · Cited by 5,099
Reliability Generalization of Scores on the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
Barnes, L. L. B., Harp, D., & Jung, W. S. (2002) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164402062004005 · Cited by 947
Why worry? The cognitive function of anxiety
Mathews, A. (1990) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(90)90132-3 · Cited by 827
Self-citationPsychometric properties of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire in a clinical anxiety disorders sample
Brown, T. A., Antony, M. M., & Barlow, D. H. (1992) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(92)90093-v · Cited by 812
The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study: Reliability of Axis I and II Diagnoses
Zanarini, M. C., Skodol, A. E., Bender, D., Dolan, R., Sanislow, C., Schaefer, E., Morey, L. C., Grilo, C. M., Shea, M. T., McGlashan, T. H., et al. (2000) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.2000.14.4.291 · Cited by 771
Induced emotional interpretation bias and anxiety.
Mathews, A., & Mackintosh, B. (2000) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.109.4.602 · Cited by 739
Self-citationBorkovec, T. D., Newman, M. G., Pincus, A. L., & Lytle, R. (2002) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.70.2.288 · Cited by 565
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Reflecting on rumination: Consequences, causes, mechanisms and treatment of rumination
Watkins, E. R., & Roberts, H. (2020) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2020.103573 · Cited by 862
A review of current evidence for the causal impact of attentional bias on fear and anxiety
Van Bockstaele, B., Verschuere, B., Tibboel, H., De Houwer, J., Crombez, G., & Koster, E. H. W. (2014) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0034834 · Cited by 485
A cognitive model of pathological worry
Hirsch, C. R., & Mathews, A. (2012) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2012.06.007 · Cited by 400
Self-citationResolving Ambiguity in Emotional Disorders: The Nature and Role of Interpretation Biases
Hirsch, C. R., Meeten, F., Krahé, C., & Reeder, C. (2016) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093436 · Cited by 331
Self-citationCognitive Bias Modification: Past Perspectives, Current Findings, and Future Applications
Hertel, P. T., & Mathews, A. (2011) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691611421205 · Cited by 321
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hayes, S., Hirsch, C. R., Krebs, G., & Mathews, A.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hayes, Sarra
- Venue
- Behaviour Research and Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-03
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 171-178
- ISSN
- 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2092460488
- Cited by
- 167
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 10.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- generalized anxiety disorder, interpretation bias modification, worry, homographs, sentence completion, cognitive bias modification
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Anxiety Disorders, Emotions, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Perception, Psychological Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires, Thinking, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome
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