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Gyri-precise head model of transcranial direct current stimulation: Improved spatial focality using a ring electrode versus conventional rectangular pad

Open access
Datta, Abhishek, Bansal, Varun, Diaz, Julian, Patel, Jinal, Reato, Davide, Bikson, Marom·2009·Brain Stimulation

Abstract

The spatial resolution of conventional transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is considered to be relatively diffuse owing to skull dispersion. However, here we show that electric fields may be clustered at distinct gyri/sulci sites due to details in tissue architecture/conductivity notably cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We calculated the cortical electric field/current density magnitude induced during tDCS using a high spatial resolution (1 mm3) MRI-derived finite element human head model; cortical gyri/sulci were resolved. The spatial focality of conventional rectangular-pad (7 × 5 cm2) and the ring (4 × 1) electrode configurations were compared. The rectangular-pad configuration resulted in diffuse (un-focal) modulation, with discrete clusters of electric field magnitude maxima. Peak induced electric field magnitude was not observed directly underneath the pads, but at an intermediate lobe. The 4 × 1 ring resulted in enhanced spatial focality, with peak induced electric field magnitude at the sulcus and adjacent gyri directly underneath the active electrode. Cortical structures may be focally targeted using ring configurations. Anatomically accurate high resolution MRI-based forward-models may guide the ‘rational’ clinical design and optimization of tDCS.

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Metadata

Authors
Datta, A., Bansal, V., Diaz, J., Patel, J., Reato, D., & Bikson, M.
Venue
Brain Stimulation
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-10
Volume
2
Issue
4
Pages
201-207.e1
ISSN
  • 1876-4754 (ISSN-L)
  • 1935-861X
OpenAlex
W2148532693
Cited by
1,290
References
4
FWCI
19.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Gyri-precise head model of transcranial direct current stimulation: Improved spatial focality using a ring electrode versus conventional rectangular pad. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.brs.2009.03.005
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Datta, A., Bansal, V., Diaz, J., Patel, J., Reato, D., & Bikson, M. (2009). Gyri-precise head model of transcranial direct current stimulation: Improved spatial focality using a ring electrode versus conventional rectangular pad. Brain Stimulation. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2009.03.005

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Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.