Cited by 612Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation StudiesNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchDeep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders

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Ten Years of Theta Burst Stimulation in Humans: Established Knowledge, Unknowns and Prospects

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Suppa, A., Huang, Y.-Z., Funke, K., Ridding, M.C., Cheeran, B., Di Lazzaro, V., Ziemann, U., Rothwell, J.C.·2016·Brain Stimulation

DOI 10.1016/j.brs.2016.01.006

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Abstract

Background/objectives Over the last ten years, an increasing number of authors have used the theta burst stimulation (TBS) protocol to investigate long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD)-like plasticity non-invasively in the primary motor cortex (M1) in healthy humans and in patients with various types of movement disorders. We here provide a comprehensive review of the LTP/LTD-like plasticity induced by TBS in the human M1. Methods A workgroup of researchers expert in this research field review and discuss critically ten years of experimental evidence from TBS studies in humans and in animal models. The review also includes the discussion of studies assessing responses to TBS in patients with movement disorders. Main findings/discussion We discuss experimental studies applying TBS over the M1 or in other cortical regions functionally connected to M1 in healthy subjects and in patients with various types of movement disorders. We also review experimental evidence coming from TBS studies in animals. Finally, we clarify the status of TBS as a possible new non-invasive therapy aimed at improving symptoms in various neurological disorders.

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Authors: Suppa, A., Huang, Y.-Z., Funke, K., Ridding, M. C., Cheeran, B., Di Lazzaro, V., Ziemann, U., & Rothwell, J. C.
Affiliations: Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (IT)
Chang Gung University (TW)
Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
The University of Adelaide (AU)
University of Oxford (GB)
Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (DE)
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
Corresponding author: Suppa, A.
ORCID: Suppa, A.
Huang, Y.-Z.
Funke, K.
Ridding, M.C.
Cheeran, B.
Ziemann, U.
Rothwell, J.C.
Venue: Brain Stimulation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-05
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Pages: 323-335
ISSN: 1876-4754 (ISSN-L)
1935-861X
DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2016.01.006
OpenAlex: W2287057286
Cited by: 609
References: 159
Citations by year: 2026: 76 · 2025: 84 · 2024: 82 · 2023: 58 · 2022: 74 · 2021: 71 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 9
FWCI: 3.39
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
doaj.org
Licence: cc-by-sa
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Brain stimulation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
Keywords: theta burst stimulation, long-term potentiation, long-term depression, synaptic plasticity, primary motor cortex, non-invasive brain stimulation, movement disorders, animal models, non-invasive treatment
MeSH terms: Adult, Animals, Female, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Motor Cortex, Movement Disorders, Neuronal Plasticity, Theta Rhythm, Long-Term Potentiation, Evoked Potentials, Motor, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

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Ten Years of Theta Burst Stimulation in Humans: Established Knowledge, Unknowns and Prospects

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