Theory for the development of neuron selectivity: orientation specificity and binocular interaction in visual cortex
Open accessAbstract
The development of stimulus selectivity in the primary sensory cortex of higher vertebrates is considered in a general mathematical framework. A synaptic evolution scheme of a new kind is proposed in which incoming patterns rather than converging afferents compete. The change in the efficacy of a given synapse depends not only on instantaneous pre- and postsynaptic activities but also on a slowly varying time-averaged value of the postsynaptic activity. Assuming an appropriate nonlinear form for this dependence, development of selectivity is obtained under quite general conditions on the sensory environment. One does not require nonlinearity of the neuron's integrative power nor does one need to assume any particular form for intracortical circuitry. This is first illustrated in simple cases, e.g., when the environment consists of only two different stimuli presented alternately in a random manner. The following formal statement then holds: the state of the system converges with probability 1 to points of maximum selectivity in the state space. We next consider the problem of early development of orientation selectivity and binocular interaction in primary visual cortex. Giving the environment an appropriate form, we obtain orientation tuning curves and ocular dominance comparable to what is observed in normally reared adult cats or monkeys. Simulations with binocular input and various types of normal or altered environments show good agreement with the relevant experimental data. Experiments are suggested that could test our theory further.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Consistent with original ideas, modest depolarization can elicit LTD, whereas stronger depolarization leads to LTP.
“Consistent with original ideas (Bienenstock et al. 1982), modest depolarization can elicit LTD, whereas stronger depolarization leads to LTP.”
From NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation and long-term depression (LTP/LTD). (2012) · cites this paper as Bienenstock et al. 1982
Section II, “Modification of Cortical Synapses” (page unavailable), proposes that synaptic strength decreases when postsynaptic output is below a modification threshold and increases when it is above it. This supports the claim’s low-versus-high activity pattern, but the paper describes a theoretical rule based on postsynaptic response, not a finding that modest versus stronger depolarization elicits LTD and LTP. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIf the contribution of CaMKII to synaptic transmission were a net gain that simply adds onto the preexisting excitatory drive of the cell, the system would be unstable and quickly saturate.
“If this were the case, it has been argued that the system would be unstable and quickly saturate (366–371).”
From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [367]
In §II, the paper says that if synapses are allowed only to increase, all will eventually saturate. It also says that its activity-dependent modification threshold is necessary for a bounded state. This supports the general concern about unchecked synaptic gain, but the paper does not address CaMKII or establish that saturation would occur quickly. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe existence of LTD avoids the problem of saturation, which could be essential for a mnemonic device.
“The existence of LTD avoids the problem of saturation, which could be essential for a mnemonic device (366–371).”
From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [367]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
SINGLE-CELL RESPONSES IN STRIATE CORTEX OF KITTENS DEPRIVED OF VISION IN ONE EYE
Wiesel, T. N., & Hubel, D. H. (1963) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1963.26.6.1003 · Cited by 2,628 · see citing works
Self-organization of orientation sensitive cells in the striate cortex
Malsburg, C. V. D. (1973) · Kybernetik · doi:10.1007/bf00288907 · Cited by 1,444 · see citing works
RECEPTIVE FIELDS OF CELLS IN STRIATE CORTEX OF VERY YOUNG, VISUALLY INEXPERIENCED KITTENS
Hubel, D. H., & Wiesel, T. N. (1963) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1963.26.6.994 · Cited by 1,113 · see citing works
A Physiological Mechanism for Hebb's Postulate of Learning
Stent, G. S. (1973) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.70.4.997 · Cited by 710 · see citing works
EXTENT OF RECOVERY FROM THE EFFECTS OF VISUAL DEPRIVATION IN KITTENS
Wiesel, T. N., & Hubel, D. H. (1965) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1965.28.6.1060 · Cited by 704 · see citing works
Storing covariance with nonlinearly interacting neurons
Sejnowski, T. J. (1977) · Journal of Mathematical Biology · doi:10.1007/bf00275079 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Kasamatsu, T., & Pettigrew, J. D. (1976) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.959850 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Kasamatsu, T., & Pettigrew, J. D. (1979) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901850109 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Imbert, M., & Buisseret, P. (1975) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00235409 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Rauschecker, J. P., & Singer, W. (1981) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1981.sp013545 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Reversal of the physiological effects of monocular deprivation in the kitten's visual cortex.
Movshon, J. A. (1976) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1976.sp011551 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Statistical constraints on synaptic plasticity
B, T. J. S. A. (1977) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-5193(77)90146-1 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Stryker, M. P., Sherk, H., Leventhal, A. G., & Hirsch, H. V. B. (1978) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1978.41.4.896 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Associative memory: A system-theoretical approach
Whitehead, B. A. (1977) · Mathematical Biosciences · doi:10.1016/0025-5564(77)90055-4 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Leventhal, A. G., & Hirsch, H. V. B. (1980) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1980.43.4.1111 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Kratz, K. E., & Spear, P. D. (1976) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901700202 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Development of Specificity in the Cat Visual Cortex
Pérez, R. I. P., Glass, L., & Shlaer, R. (1975) · Journal of Mathematical Biology · doi:10.1007/bf03380115 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Watkins, D. W., Wilson, J. R., & Sherman, S. M. (1978) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1978.41.2.322 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
A Theory for the Development of Feature Detecting Cells in Visual Cortex
Nass, M. M., & Cooper, L. N. (1995) · World Scientific series in 20th century physics · doi:10.1142/9789812795885_0003 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Anderson, J. A. (1970) Two models for memory organization Hebb, D. 0. (1949) Organization of Behavior, John Wiley and using interacting traces. Math. Biosci. 8: 137-160.
- selectivity. Doctoral thesis, Brown University, Providence, Hirsch, H. V. B., and D. N. Spinelli (1971) Modification of the RI. distribution of receptive field orientation in cats by selective
- Hubel, D. H., and T. N. Wiesel (1962) Receptive fields, binoc- Vol. 2, No. 1, Jan. 1982 ular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 160: 106-154.
- LeventhaI, A. G., and H. V. B. Hirsch (1977) Effects of early experience upon orientation selectivity and binocularity of neurons in visual cortex of cats. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 74: 1272-1276.
- Pettigrew, J. D. (1978) The paradox of the critical period for striate cortex. In Neuronal Plasticity, C. W. Cotman, ed., pp. 311-330, Raven Press, New York.
- Singer, W. (1979) Central-core control of visual functions. In Neuroscience Fourth Study Program, F. Schmitt and F. Worden, eds., pp. 1093-1109, MIT Press, Cambridge.
- Trotter, Y., Y. Fregnac, P. Buisseret (1981) Gating control of developmental plasticity by extraocular proprioception in kitten area 17. In Fourth European Conference on Visual Perception, Gouzieux, France.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The free-energy principle: a unified brain theory?
Friston, K. (2010) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2787 · Cited by 8,120 · see citing works
Bi, G.-Q., & Poo, M.-M. (1998) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-24-10464.1998 · Cited by 4,744 · see citing works
Malenka, R. C., & Bear, M. F. (2004) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.09.012 · Cited by 3,968 · see citing works
Continual lifelong learning with neural networks: A review
Parisi, G. I., Kemker, R., Part, J. L., Kanan, C., & Wermter, S. (2019) · Neural Networks · doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2019.01.012 · Cited by 3,117 · see citing works
Synaptic Activity and the Construction of Cortical Circuits
Katz, L. C., & Shatz, C. J. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.274.5290.1133 · Cited by 3,048 · see citing works
Synaptic Plasticity and Memory: An Evaluation of the Hypothesis
Martin, S. J., Grimwood, P. D., & Morris, R. G. M. (2000) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.649 · Cited by 2,794 · see citing works
Competitive Hebbian learning through spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity
Song, S., Miller, K. D., & Abbott, L. F. (2000) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/78829 · Cited by 2,738 · see citing works
Building machines that learn and think like people
Lake, B. M., Ullman, T. D., Tenenbaum, J. B., & Gershman, S. J. (2017) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x16001837 · Cited by 2,550 · see citing works
Homeostatic plasticity in the developing nervous system
Turrigiano, G. G., & Nelson, S. B. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1327 · Cited by 2,485 · see citing works
Synaptic Plasticity: Multiple Forms, Functions, and Mechanisms
Citri, A., & Malenka, R. C. (2008) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301559 · Cited by 2,323 · see citing works
Synaptic plasticity: taming the beast
Abbott, L. F., & Nelson, S. B. (2000) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/81453 · Cited by 2,263 · see citing works
Activity-dependent scaling of quantal amplitude in neocortical neurons
Turrigiano, G. G., Leslie, K. R., Desai, N. S., Rutherford, L. C., & Nelson, S. B. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/36103 · Cited by 2,226 · see citing works
The “independent components” of natural scenes are edge filters
Bell, A. J., & Sejnowski, T. J. (1997) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00121-1 · Cited by 1,592 · see citing works
Lefaucheur, J.-P., André-Obadia, N., Antal, A., Ayache, S. S., Baeken, C., Benninger, D. H., Cantello, R. M., Cincotta, M., de Carvalho, M., De Ridder, D., et al. (2014) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2014.05.021 · Cited by 2,119 · see citing works
CORTICAL PLASTICITY: From Synapses to Maps
Buonomano, D. V., & Merzenich, M. M. (1998) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.149 · Cited by 2,083 · see citing works
Path integration and the neural basis of the 'cognitive map'
McNaughton, B. L., Battaglia, F. P., Jensen, O., Moser, E. I., & Moser, M.-B. (2006) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1932 · Cited by 2,024 · see citing works
Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
Lefaucheur, J., Antal, A., Ayache, S. S., Benninger, D. H., Brunelin, J., Cogiamanian, F. M., Cotelli, M., Ridder, D. D., Ferrucci, R., Langguth, B., et al. (2016) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2016.10.087 · Cited by 1,872 · see citing works
Dudek, S. M., & Bear, M. F. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.10.4363 · Cited by 1,708 · see citing works
Dendritic spine changes associated with hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity
Engert, F., & Bonhoeffer, T. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/19978 · Cited by 1,664 · see citing works
Nonlinear neural networks: Principles, mechanisms, and architectures
Grossberg, S. (1988) · Neural Networks · doi:10.1016/0893-6080(88)90021-4 · Cited by 1,623 · see citing works
Physiological basis of transcranial direct current stimulation
Stagg, C. J., & Nitsche, M. A. (2011) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858410386614 · Cited by 1,719 · see citing works
Optimal unsupervised learning in a single-layer linear feedforward neural network
Sanger, T. D. (1989) · Neural Networks · doi:10.1016/0893-6080(89)90044-0 · Cited by 1,506 · see citing works
Connectionist learning procedures
Hinton, G. E. (1989) · Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/0004-3702(89)90049-0 · Cited by 1,487 · see citing works
Synaptic Modification by Correlated Activity: Hebb's Postulate Revisited
Bi, G., & Poo, M. (2001) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.139 · Cited by 1,476 · see citing works
Competitive learning: From interactive activation to adaptive resonance
Grossberg, S. (1987) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/j.1551-6708.1987.tb00862.x · Cited by 1,471 · see citing works
The ART of adaptive pattern recognition by a self-organizing neural network
Carpenter, G. A., & Grossberg, S. (1988) · Computer · doi:10.1109/2.33 · Cited by 1,278 · see citing works
Pulvermüller, F. (1999) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x9900182x · Cited by 1,284 · see citing works
Huang, Z. J., Kirkwood, A., Pizzorusso, T., Porciatti, V., Morales, B., Bear, M. F., Maffei, L., & Tonegawa, S. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81509-3 · Cited by 1,198 · see citing works
Migaud, M., Charlesworth, P., Dempster, M., Webster, L. C., Watabe, A. M., Makhinson, M., He, Y., Ramsay, M. F., Morris, R. G. M., Morrison, J. H., et al. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/24790 · Cited by 1,160 · see citing works
Rate, Timing, and Cooperativity Jointly Determine Cortical Synaptic Plasticity
Sjöström, P. J., Turrigiano, G. G., & Nelson, S. B. (2001) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00542-6 · Cited by 1,174 · see citing works
NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation and long-term depression (LTP/LTD).
Luscher, C., & Malenka, R. C. (2012) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a005710 · Cited by 1,110 · see citing works
Homeostatic Synaptic Plasticity: Local and Global Mechanisms for Stabilizing Neuronal Function
Turrigiano, G. (2012) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a005736 · Cited by 1,139 · see citing works
Metaplasticity: tuning synapses and networks for plasticity
Abraham, W. C. (2008) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2356 · Cited by 1,119 · see citing works
Feature Discovery by Competitive Learning*
Rumelhart, D. E., & Zipser, D. (1985) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1207/s15516709cog0901_5 · Cited by 1,379 · see citing works
The Spike-Timing Dependence of Plasticity
Feldman, D. E. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.08.001 · Cited by 1,071 · see citing works
The neural basis of temporal processing
Mauk, M. D., & Buonomano, D. V. (2004) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144247 · Cited by 976 · see citing works
Glia-Derived d-Serine Controls NMDA Receptor Activity and Synaptic Memory
Panatier, A., Theodosis, D. T., Mothet, J.-P., Touquet, B., Pollegioni, L., Poulain, D. A., & Oliet, S. H. R. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.02.051 · Cited by 934 · see citing works
NMDA-receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity: multiple forms and mechanisms
Malenka, R. C., & Nicoll, R. A. (1993) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(93)90197-t · Cited by 904 · see citing works
Musical Training as a Framework for Brain Plasticity: Behavior, Function, and Structure
Herholz, S. C., & Zatorre, R. J. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.10.011 · Cited by 892 · see citing works
Artola, A., Bröcher, S., & Singer, W. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/347069a0 · Cited by 880 · see citing works
A mechanism for the Hebb and the anti-Hebb processes underlying learning and memory.
Lisman, J. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.23.9574 · Cited by 1,127 · see citing works
Plasticity in the intrinsic excitability of cortical pyramidal neurons
Desai, N. S., Rutherford, L. C., & Turrigiano, G. G. (1999) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/9165 · Cited by 806 · see citing works
Homeostatic plasticity in neuronal networks: the more things change, the more they stay the same
Turrigiano, G. G. (1999) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(98)01341-1 · Cited by 823 · see citing works
Artola, A., & Singer, W. (1993) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(93)90081-v · Cited by 795 · see citing works
Okamoto, K.-I., Nagai, T., Miyawaki, A., & Hayashi, Y. (2004) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1311 · Cited by 854 · see citing works
Turner, P. R., O’Connor, K., Tate, W. P., & Abraham, W. C. (2003) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(03)00089-3 · Cited by 751 · see citing works
Cortical layer-specific critical dynamics triggering perception
Marshel, J. H., Kim, Y. S., Machado, T. A., Quirin, S., Benson, B., Kadmon, J., Raja, C., Chibukhchyan, A., Ramakrishnan, C., Inoue, M., et al. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaw5202 · Cited by 652 · see citing works
Impact of aging on hippocampal function: plasticity, network dynamics, and cognition
Rosenzweig, E. S., & Barnes, C. A. (2003) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(02)00126-0 · Cited by 730 · see citing works
Dendritic Excitability and Synaptic Plasticity
Sjöström, P. J., Rancz, E. A., Roth, A., & Häusser, M. (2008) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00016.2007 · Cited by 721 · see citing works
Stable Hebbian Learning from Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity
van Rossum, M. C. W., Bi, G., & Turrigiano, G. G. (2000) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-23-08812.2000 · Cited by 724 · see citing works
A synaptic organizing principle for cortical neuronal groups
Perin, R., Berger, T. K., & Markram, H. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1016051108 · Cited by 718 · see citing works
Siebner, H., Lang, N., Rizzo, V., Nitsche, M., Paulus, W., Lemon, R., & Rothwell, J. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5316-03.2004 · Cited by 722 · see citing works
Synaptic mechanisms for plasticity in neocortex
Feldman, D. E. (2009) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.051508.135516 · Cited by 704 · see citing works
A critical period for long-term potentiation at thalamocortical synapses
Crair, M. C., & Malenka, R. C. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/375325a0 · Cited by 691 · see citing works
Is there a future for therapeutic use of transcranial magnetic stimulation?
Ridding, M. C., & Rothwell, J. C. (2007) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2169 · Cited by 687 · see citing works
Timing-Based LTP and LTD at Vertical Inputs to Layer II/III Pyramidal Cells in Rat Barrel Cortex
Feldman, D. E. (2000) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)00008-8 · Cited by 648 · see citing works
Triplets of Spikes in a Model of Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity
Pfister, J.-P., & Gerstner, W. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1425-06.2006 · Cited by 647 · see citing works
Ocular Dominance Column Development: Analysis and Simulation
Miller, K. D., Keller, J. B., & Stryker, M. P. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2762813 · Cited by 645 · see citing works
Regulation of NMDA receptor subunit expression and its implications for LTD, LTP, and metaplasticity
Yashiro, K., & Philpot, B. D. (2008) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.07.046 · Cited by 649 · see citing works
A Spin Glass Model of Path Integration in Rat Medial Entorhinal Cortex
Fuhs, M. C., & Touretzky, D. S. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4353-05.2006 · Cited by 628 · see citing works
Neural Networks and Related Methods for Classification
Ripley, B. D. (1994) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology) · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1994.tb01990.x · Cited by 627 · see citing works
Beyond parallel fiber LTD: the diversity of synaptic and non-synaptic plasticity in the cerebellum
Hansel, C., Linden, D. J., & D'Angelo, E. (2001) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/87419 · Cited by 694 · see citing works
Rival penalized competitive learning for clustering analysis, RBF net, and curve detection
Xu, L., Krzyżak, A., & Erkki Oja, A. (1993) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks · doi:10.1109/72.238318 · Cited by 613 · see citing works
Ten years of theta burst stimulation in humans: Established knowledge, unknowns and prospects
Suppa, A., Huang, Y.-Z., Funke, K., Ridding, M. C., Cheeran, B., Di Lazzaro, V., Ziemann, U., & Rothwell, J. C. (2016) · Brain Stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2016.01.006 · Cited by 609 · see citing works
A unified model of NMDA receptor-dependent bidirectional synaptic plasticity
Shouval, H. Z., Bear, M. F., & Cooper, L. N. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.152343099 · Cited by 608 · see citing works
Self-citationBidirectional long-term modification of synaptic effectiveness in the adult and immature hippocampus
Dudek, S. M., & Bear, M. F. (1993) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.13-07-02910.1993 · Cited by 595 · see citing works
Phenomenological models of synaptic plasticity based on spike timing
Morrison, A., Diesmann, M., & Gerstner, W. (2008) · Biological Cybernetics · doi:10.1007/s00422-008-0233-1 · Cited by 593 · see citing works
Map Plasticity in Somatosensory Cortex
Feldman, D. E., & Brecht, M. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1115807 · Cited by 587 · see citing works
Ziemann, U., Ilic, T. V., Pauli, C., Meintzschel, F., & Ruge, D. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5016-03.2004 · Cited by 587 · see citing works
The Hippocampal Formation in Schizophrenia
Tamminga, C. A., Stan, A. D., & Wagner, A. D. (2010) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09081187 · Cited by 583 · see citing works
Debanne, D., Gähwiler, B. H., & Thompson, S. M. (1998) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.237bu.x · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Rapid, experience-dependent expression of synaptic NMDA receptors in visual cortex in vivo
Quinlan, E., Philpot, B. D., Huganir, R., & Bear, M. (1999) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/7263 · Cited by 614 · see citing works
Calcium stores regulate the polarity and input specificity of synaptic modification
Nishiyama, M., Hong, K., Mikoshiba, K., Poo, M.-M., & Kato, K. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35046067 · Cited by 635 · see citing works
Modelling non-invasive brain stimulation in cognitive neuroscience
Miniussi, C., Harris, J. A., & Ruzzoli, M. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.06.014 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Long-Term Plasticity of Intrinsic Excitability: Learning Rules and MechanismsPreprint
Daoudal, G., & Debanne, D. (2003) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.64103 · Cited by 537 · see citing works
A Physiological Basis for a Theory of Synapse Modification
Bear, M. F., Cooper, L. N., & Ebner, F. F. (1987) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3037696 · Cited by 528 · see citing works
Self-citationMayford, M. R., Wang, J., Kandel, E. R., & O’Dell, T. J. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90009-8 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Shi, W., Pun, C., Smith, P. L., & Bunney, B. S. (2000) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2396(200002)35:2 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Silent synapses during development of thalamocortical inputs
Isaac, J. T. R., Crair, M. C., Nicoll, R. A., & Malenka, R. C. (1997) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80267-6 · Cited by 507 · see citing works
Hinton, G. E. (1990) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-051055-2.50029-8 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
Impaired Hippocampal Representation of Space in CA1-Specific NMDAR1 Knockout Mice
McHugh, T. J., Blum, K. I., Tsien, J. Z., Tonegawa, S., & Wilson, M. A. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81828-0 · Cited by 593 · see citing works
Linden, D. J., & Connor, J. A. (1995) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.18.030195.001535 · Cited by 510 · see citing works
Learning the distribution of object trajectories for event recognition
Johnson, N. J., & Hogg, D. (1996) · Image and Vision Computing · doi:10.1016/0262-8856(96)01101-8 · Cited by 499 · see citing works
Emotion Enhances Learning via Norepinephrine Regulation of AMPA-Receptor Trafficking
Hu, H., Real, E., Takamiya, K., Kang, M.-G., Ledoux, J., Huganir, R. L., & Malinow, R. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.017 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Bear, M., Kleinschmidt, A., Gu, Q., & Singer, W. (1990) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.10-03-00909.1990 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Equilibrium Propagation: Bridging the Gap between Energy-Based Models and Backpropagation
Scellier, B., & Bengio, Y. (2017) · Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncom.2017.00024 · Cited by 504 · see citing works
New views of Arc, a master regulator of synaptic plasticity
Shepherd, J. D., & Bear, M. F. (2011) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2708 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Bach, M. E., Hawkins, R. D., Osman, M., Kandel, E. R., & Mayford, M. R. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90010-1 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
NMDA Receptor-Dependent Ocular Dominance Plasticity in Adult Visual Cortex
Sawtell, N. B., Frenkel, M. Y., Philpot, B. D., Nakazawa, K., Tonegawa, S., & Bear, M. F. (2003) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00323-4 · Cited by 482 · see citing works
Cortical Development and Remapping through Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity
Song, S., & Abbott, L. F. (2001) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00451-2 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Plasticity of Cortical Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance
Froemke, R. C. (2015) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-071714-034002 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Malleret, G., Haditsch, U., Genoux, D., Jones, M. W., Bliss, T. V. P., Vanhoose, A. M., Weitlauf, C., Kandel, E. R., Winder, D. G., & Mansuy, I. M. (2001) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00264-1 · Cited by 470 · see citing works
Associative long-term depression in the hippocampus induced by hebbian covariance
Stanton, P. K., & B, T. J. S. A. (1989) · Nature · doi:10.1038/339215a0 · Cited by 461 · see citing works
A history of spike-timing-dependent plasticity
Markram, H. (2011) · Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsyn.2011.00004 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
Bidirectional parallel fiber plasticity in the cerebellum under climbing fiber control.
Coesmans, M., Weber, J., Zeeuw, C. D. D., & Hansel, C. (2004) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.10.031 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
Ca2+ signaling requirements for long-term depression in the hippocampus.
Cummings, J. A., Mulkey, R., Nicoll, R., & Malenka, R. (1996) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80102-6 · Cited by 471 · see citing works
Stagg, C. J., Jayaram, G., Pastor, D., Kincses, Z. T., Matthews, P. M., & Johansen‐Berg, H. (2011) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.02.009 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
Du, C., Ma, W., Chang, T., Sheridan, P., & Lu, W. D. (2015) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.201501427 · Cited by 444 · see citing works
3-D vision and figure-ground separation by visual cortex
Grossberg, S. (1994) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03206880 · Cited by 438 · see citing works
Allosteric Receptors after 30 Years
Changeux, J., & Edelstein, S. J. (1998) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80616-9 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
- Authors
- Bienenstock, E., Cooper, L., & Munro, P.
- Affiliations
- Université Paris-Sud (FR)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1982-01-01
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 32-48
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6564292
- OpenAlex
- W1733248925
- Cited by
- 2,896
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 71 · 2025: 91 · 2024: 98 · 2023: 108 · 2022: 102 · 2021: 104 · 2020: 112 · 2019: 93 · 2018: 112 · 2017: 108 · 2016: 87 · 2015: 117 · 2014: 118 · 2013: 119 · 2012: 112
- FWCI
- 4.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ittleson Foundation
- Brown University
- Fondation de France
- Office of Naval Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- orientation selectivity, binocular interaction, primary visual cortex, ocular dominance, synaptic plasticity, orientation tuning curves, synaptic efficacy, cortical development
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cats, Dominance, Cerebral, Mathematics, Models, Neurological, Neurons, Orientation, Retina, Sensory Deprivation, Synapses, Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Visual Perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
