The Link between the Multiverse of Immune Microenvironments in Metastases and the Survival of Colorectal Cancer Patients
Open accessAbstract
Treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer is based upon the assumption that metastases are homogeneous within a patient. We quantified immune cell types of 603 whole-slide metastases and primary colorectal tumors from 222 patients. Primary lesions, and synchronous and metachronous metastases, had a heterogeneous immune infiltrate and mutational diversity. Small metastases had frequently a low Immunoscore and T and B cell score, while a high Immunoscore was associated with a lower number of metastases. Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor treatment modified immune gene expression and significantly increased T cell densities in the metastasis core. The predictive accuracy of the Immunoscore from a single biopsy was superior to the one of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). The immune phenotype of the least-infiltrated metastasis had a stronger association with patient outcome than other metastases.
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Assessing the densities of T and B cells within CRC tumors offers higher accuracy compared to evaluating PD-L1 expression alone in predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy.
“Recent findings suggest that assessing the densities of T and B cells within CRC tumors offers higher accuracy compared to evaluating PD-L1 expression alone in predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy.”
From Current and Future Trends of Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Exploring Advances in Immunotherapy (2024) · cites this paper as [163]
PD-L1 expression can vary heterogeneously within different regions of a tumor, while metastatic CRC lesions may exhibit varying immunoscores.
“This is because PD-L1 expression can vary heterogeneously within different regions of a tumor, while metastatic CRC lesions may exhibit varying immunoscores [163,164].”
From Current and Future Trends of Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Exploring Advances in Immunotherapy (2024) · cites this paper as [163]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Van den Eynde, M., Mlecnik, B., Bindea, G., Fredriksen, T., Church, S. E., Lafontaine, L., Haicheur, N., Marliot, F., Angelova, M., Vasaturo, A., Bruni, D., Jouret-Mourin, A., Baldin, P., Huyghe, N., Haustermans, K., Debucquoy, A., Van Cutsem, E., Gigot, J.-F., Hubert, C., Kartheuser, A., Remue, C., Léonard, D., Valge-Archer, V., Pagès, F., Machiels, J.-P., & Galon, J.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (FR)
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (BE)
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- AstraZeneca (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Galon, Jérôme
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cancer Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-12
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1012-1026.e3
- ISSN
- 1535-6108 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2904068706
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 66 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 12.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cancer Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Libraries (Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), l'Université de Namur (UNamur) and the Université Saint-Louis (USL-B)) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Cancéropôle Ile de France
- Horizon 2020 (633592)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- Labex Immuno-Oncology
- MedImmune
- Institut National Du Cancer
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Keywords
- metastatic colorectal cancer, tumor immune microenvironment, immune score, synchronous and metachronous metastases, anti-EGFR therapy, PD-L1, patient survival, whole slide imaging, tumor heterogeneity, prognostic factors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Agents, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Metastasis, Colorectal Neoplasms, Cohort Studies, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Gene Regulatory Networks, Tumor Microenvironment, B7-H1 Antigen, Gene Ontology, ErbB Receptors
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