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A Special Population of Regulatory T Cells Potentiates Muscle Repair
Open accessAbstract
Long recognized to be potent suppressors of immune responses, Foxp3(+)CD4(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells are being rediscovered as regulators of nonimmunological processes. We describe a phenotypically and functionally distinct population of Treg cells that rapidly accumulated in the acutely injured skeletal muscle of mice, just as invading myeloid-lineage cells switched from a proinflammatory to a proregenerative state. A Treg population of similar phenotype accumulated in muscles of genetically dystrophic mice. Punctual depletion of Treg cells during the repair process prolonged the proinflammatory infiltrate and impaired muscle repair, while treatments that increased or decreased Treg activities diminished or enhanced (respectively) muscle damage in a dystrophy model. Muscle Treg cells expressed the growth factor Amphiregulin, which acted directly on muscle satellite cells in vitro and improved muscle repair in vivo. Thus, Treg cells and their products may provide new therapeutic opportunities for wound repair and muscular dystrophies.
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“Several publications identified the epidermal growth factor receptor ligand amphiregulin as a key factor of tissue Treg cells to maintain homeostasis or induce tissue regeneration in a diverse set of tissues, including lung, muscle, and brain [447, 448].”
From Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition) (2021) · cites this paper as [447]
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“Together, these studies suggest that Treg cells protect from epithelial cell injury by both interacting with immune cells to suppress inflammation and by producing epithelial growth factors that signal to non-immune cells.”
From Amphiregulin from regulatory T cells promotes liver fibrosis and insulin resistance in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (2024) · cites this paper as [26]
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“Production of amphiregulin (Areg) by regulatory T (Treg) cells promotes repair after acute tissue injury.”
From Amphiregulin from regulatory T cells promotes liver fibrosis and insulin resistance in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (2024) · cites this paper as [26]
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“In these settings, Treg cell-derived Areg is notably independent of Treg cell-mediated immunosuppression, and acts on tissue-resident mesenchymal cells and stem cells - not immune cells 25,26,28 .”
From Amphiregulin from regulatory T cells promotes liver fibrosis and insulin resistance in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (2024) · cites this paper as [26]
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“They have been shown to support tissue homeostasis and regeneration, ranging from regulating metabolic parameters in the adipose tissue to potentiating tissue repair [444-446], e.g., in skeletal muscles [447], lung tissue [448], or brain [449].”
From Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition) (2021) · cites this paper as [447]
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Citations
Cites
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InfluentialFeuerer, M., Herrero, L., Cipolletta, D., Naaz, A., Wong, J., Nayer, A., Lee, J., Goldfine, A. B., Benoist, C., Shoelson, S., et al. (2009) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.2002 · Cited by 2,145 · cited 3×
“However, expression of Egfr was undetectable in Treg cells from lymphoid (spleen, lymph node) or nonlymphoid (muscle, VAT) tissues in our microarray studies.”
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InfluentialInnate lymphoid cells promote lung-tissue homeostasis after infection with influenza virus
Monticelli, L. A., Sonnenberg, G. F., Abt, M. C., Alenghat, T., Ziegler, C. G. K., Doering, T. A., Angelosanto, J., Laidlaw, B. J., Yang, C. Y., Sathaliyawala, T., et al. (2011) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.2131 · Cited by 1,327 · cited 1×
“Areg is an EGF family member known to promote healing and regeneration of multiple tissues, for example intestinal mucosa and lung epithelium (Shao and Sheng, 2010; Monticelli et al., 2011).”
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“Both ‘‘flavors’’ of myeloid cell are important for proper muscle repair, and any alteration in the tightly orchestrated scenario wherein each accumulates and functions at the site of injury can be detrimental (Tidball and Villalta, 2010).”
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“This has resulted in deprioritizing the need to know their antigen‐specificity that led to some odd conclusions.(45) Thus, it is presently difficult to assess the full accuracy of our prediction that there should be a direct mutual dependency between microbiota‐derived cross‐reactive epitopes and corresponding Tregs t…”
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Regulatory T cell-derived enkephalin gates nociceptionPreprint
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“It has consistently been reported that almost all EGFR + cells were Foxp3 High and CD45RA - (termed activated Tregs); these Tregs gained EGFR expression upon stimulation, as seen in the skin (65) and other tissues, such as muscles and lungs, after injury (132).”
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“66,67 Further study into the role of Tregs and their production of amphiregulin could elucidate the role of Tregs not just in outright preventing immunopathology, but also in repairing any tissue damage that goes hand in hand with a successful immune response.”
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“…rapamycin-treated C57BL/10. mdx muscle to demonstrate elevated Tregs [62] and the other depleting Tregs via antibody depletion of CD25 + cells [63], implicated Tregs in reducing muscle fiber damage, managing serum creatine kinase (CK) concentrations, and also reducing muscle inflammation and…”
BackgroundHalter, S., Rosenzwajg, M., Klatzmann, D., Sitbon, A., & Monsel, A. (2024) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000005047 · Cited by 5
“14 These Tregs were phenotypically and functionally different from those observed in lymphoid organs, and their depletion was associated with impaired muscle tissue repair.”
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Regulatory T cells regulate blastemal proliferation during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration
Hui, S. P., Sugimoto, K., Sheng, D. Z., & Kikuchi, K. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.981000 · Cited by 8
“Tregs are increasingly known to regulate tissue repair and regeneration by providing growth factors in damaged tissues (37, 41, 42).”
BackgroundIdiopathic inflammatory myopathy and non-coding RNA
Yang, Y., Hu, G., Wan, G., Li, M., Chang, B., & Yi, X. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1227945 · Cited by 6
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“64 Additionally, regulatory T cells are critical for skeletal muscle regenerative processes and directly support satellite cell expansion through the secretion of amphiregulin, 65 suggesting a potential role in the regeneration seen in this model.”
Gomatam, C. K., Ingale, P., Rodriguez, G., Munger, S., Pomeranets, R., Krishna, S., Lowe, J., Howard, Z. M., & Rafael‐Fortney, J. A. (2024) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2024.1322729 · Cited by 5
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Tregs Expand the Skin Stem Cell Niche
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Pharmacological Enhancement of Regeneration-Dependent Regulatory T Cell Recruitment in Zebrafish
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“In mice, Tregs accumulate rapidly in injured skeletal muscle and infected lung tissue, where they promote the release of growth factors necessary for cell differentiation and tissue repair [18,20].”
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Advancement in regional immunity and its clinical implication
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Molecular Regulation and Rejuvenation of Muscle Stem (Satellite) Cell Aging
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T helper cells modulate intestinal stem cell renewal and differentiationPreprint
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“4A) and of several tissues, including fat [15,16] , muscle [23] and tumors [24] (Fig.”
BackgroundTargeting fibrosis in the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy mice model: an uphill battlePreprint
Théret, M., Low, M., Rempel, L., Li, F. F., Tung, L. W., Contreras, O., Chang, C.-K., Wu, A., Soliman, H., & Rossi, F. M. V. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.01.20.427485 · Cited by 5
Gata3 is detrimental to regulatory T cell function in autoimmune diabetesPreprint
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“Previous studies have shown that Treg cells secrete AREG, which promotes tissue repair and facilitates the differentiation of pluripotent precursor cells [25, 26].”
Metabolic symphony coordinates the muscle regeneration niche
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“…stem cells, mesenchymal progenitors, T cells, and macrophages that are important for muscle homeostasis, repair, and exercise responses ( 42 – 44 , 84 , 85 ) and whose activation and relative abundance in skeletal muscle changes in aged mice to increase the expression of proinflammatory and…”
Control of Asthma and Allergy by Regulatory T Cells
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“Treg cells within skeletal muscles rapidly expand following acute muscle injury in an IL-33-dependent manner and play an important role in muscle repair and regeneration [13, 60, 61].”
Stem Cell Aging and Rejuvenation in the Skeletal Muscle System
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“73 Tregs participate in the switch of macrophages from M1 proin fl am-matory to M2 anti-in fl ammatory and stimulate MuSCs proliferation and migration mainly through the release of amphiregulin.”
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“Studies have shown that Tregs are central to the repair and regeneration of several tissues, including the skin [18], bone [19,20], lungs [21], kidney [22], skeletal muscle [23], and cardiac muscle [24].”
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“These cells accumulate rapidly in injured muscle; they are abundant in muscle tissue of genetically modified mice with muscle dystrophy and in human patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (Burzyn et al., 2013).”
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“The delivery of recombinant amphiregulin has been considered a possible approach of promoting wound healing in some preclinical research[97,98].”
BackgroundPresentation of Human Neural Stem Cell Antigens Drives Regulatory T Cell Induction
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“Muscle repair in response to toxin mediated damage involves a type 2 immune response brought upon by a new class of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) referred to as type 2 and type 3 ILCs (Table 2) and regulatory CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells which are part of the adaptive immune repertoire [8,9,12,50].”
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“The higher expression of genes like TNFSF10 , CXCL10 , IFIT2 , COL3A1 , LGALS3 , and COL12A1 indicated a stronger immune response and muscle tissue remodeling, affecting muscle fiber composition and function (Burzyn et al., 2013).”
Riabinin, A. A., Zhdanov, D. D., Blinova, V. G., Permyakova, A. A., Stulova, A. A., Rzhanova, L. A., Nikitochkina, S. Y., Morgun, E. I., & Vorotelyak, E. A. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14221803 · Cited by 4
“This subset is present across various non-lymphoid tissues, including the lungs, intestines, skin, adipose tissue, liver, and muscles [33–37].”
Ahmad, S., Aftab, M. N., & Aslam, M. (2026) · Human Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2026.111747 · Cited by 3
VÁZIZOMSÉRÜLÉS KEZELÉSEK JELENLEGI MÓDJAINAK ÁTTEKINTÉSE
Gyenes, D., Budai, Z., & Sarang, Z. (2020) · STADIUM - Hungarian Journal of Sport Sciences · doi:10.36439/shjs/2020/1/5423 · Cited by 3
Tahvildari, M., Me, R., Setia, M., Gao, N., Suvas, P. K., McClellan, S. A., & Suvas, S. (2024) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2024.110123 · Cited by 3
Mostafa, G. A., Ibrahim, H. M., Gendy, Y. G. E., Hamza, M., Isak, M., & Shousha, G. A. H. (2021) · The Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · doi:10.21608/ejpa.2021.199582 · Cited by 3
“Part of that immunosuppressive effect occurs through Tregexpressed molecules such as CD39, CD73, CTLA4, galectin, glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein, granzyme-B, IL-10, IL-35, lymphocyteactivation gene 3, neuropilin, perforin and TGFβ.(9,25,26,27) Considering the mentioned characteristics of Tregs, combined w…”
BackgroundSaidj, T., Amer, Y. B., Plonquet, A., Henry, A., Souvannanorath, S., Relaix, F., Beldi-Ferchiou, A., & Authier, F. (2022) · Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1093/jnen/nlab136 · Cited by 3
Farini, A., Tripodi, L., Villa, C., Napolitano, F., Strati, F., Molinaro, D., Facciotti, F., Cassani, B., & Torrente, Y. (2022) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-022-05416-1 · Cited by 3
“Muscles were excised and extensively washed in PBS to removed blood contaminants [96], cut in small pieces and digested for 1 h with liberase 0.”
MethodWang, W. T., Ye, C.-H., Deng, Z., Wang, J., Zhang, L., Bao, L., Xu, B., Zhu, H. H., Guo, Y., & Zhang, W. (2023) · World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery · doi:10.4240/wjgs.v15.i5.917 · Cited by 3
Muscle immune cells protect mitochondrial organelles during exercise
Coulis, G., & Villalta, S. A. (2023) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-023-03972-w · Cited by 3
Biosponge-Encased Placental Stem Cells for Volumetric Muscle Loss Repair
Johnson, D. Y., Ridolfo, A., Mueller, R., Chermack, M., Brockhouse, J., Tadiwala, J., Jain, A., Bertram, K., & Garg, K. (2024) · Advances in Wound Care · doi:10.1089/wound.2024.0077 · Cited by 3
“These studies have attributed these effects to the anti fi brotic agents in the secretome of hPDSCs, including HGF, 87 amphire-gulin, 71 and follistatin.”
Solar Energy Storage via Thermochemical Metal Oxide/Metal Sulfate Water Splitting Cycle
Bhosale, R. R., Kumar, A., AlMomani, F. A., Khraisheh, M. A. M., & Takalkar, G. D. (2018) · MRS Advances · doi:10.1557/adv.2018.50 · Cited by 3
Entzündung und Geweberegeneration / Eine wechselnde Wirkung
Bloch, W. (2019) · Sports Orthopaedics and Traumatology · doi:10.1016/j.orthtr.2019.11.004 · Cited by 3
Marrelli, M. T., Fiedler, M., Biguetti, C. C., & Brotto, M. A. P. (2020) · Medical Research Archives · doi:10.18103/mra.v8i9.2218 · Cited by 3
“directly results from the person’s own immune response (71).”
BackgroundRegulatory T-cells are required for neonatal heart regenerationPreprint
Li, J., Yang, Y., Tam, R. C. Y., Chan, V. W., Sheng, B., Hori, S., Zhou, B., Lo, Y. M. D., & Lui, K. O. (2018) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/355065 · Cited by 3
Klatzmann, D. (2019) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216267 · Cited by 3
de la Fuente, A. G., Dittmer, M., Heesbeen, E. J., Gallardo, N. D. L. V., White, J. A., Young, A., McColgan, T., Dashwood, A., Mayne, K., Cabeza‐Fernández, S., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.01.25.525562 · Cited by 3
Zfp697 is an RNA-binding protein that regulates skeletal muscle inflammation and regenerationPreprint
Correia, J. C., Jannig, P. R., Gosztyla, M. L., Červenka, I., Ducommun, S., Præstholm, S. M., Dumont, K. D., Liu, Z., Liang, Q., Edsgärd, D., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.06.12.544338 · Cited by 3
Runyan, C. E., Luo, L., Welch, L. C., Lu, Z., Chen, F., Schleck, M. J., Nafikova, R. A., Grant, R. A., Aillon, R. P., Senkow, K. J., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.01.09.631996 · Cited by 4
Decoding Peripheral Tolerance: TCR Rules for pTreg differentiation in the GutPreprint
Chi, X., Wang, C. H., Parisotto, Y. F., Nyberg, W. A., Cabric, V., Gélineau, A., Cao, Y., Owen, D. L., Ambjörnsson, J., Mathis, D. J., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.10.20.683415 · Cited by 3
Self-citationTranscriptional Control of Regulatory T cells
Delacher, M., Schreiber, L., Richards, D. M., Farah, C., Feuerer, M., & Huehn, J. (2014) · Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology · doi:10.1007/82_2014_373 · Cited by 19
“A key musclespecific transcription factor has yet to be identified, but gene expression comparisons revealed a number of candidate TF (Burzyn et al. 2013).”
BackgroundCD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell therapy in neurological autoimmune diseases
Yuan, G., Liu, Y., Wang, H., Yang, T., & Liu, G.-Z. (2025) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.19450 · Cited by 3
“Tregs have recently been proved to indirectly and directly regulate tissue repair, but their mechanisms remain unclear ( Ali et al., 2017 ; Burzyn et al., 2013 ; Castiglioni et al., 2015 ).”
Dock8 regulates Th2 cell differentiation through ANXA1
Liu, J., Tang, J., Jin, P., Li, Z., Wu, C., Luo, X., Dai, X., Liang, Y., Zhang, L., Lu, L., et al. (2025) · Fundamental Research · doi:10.1016/j.fmre.2025.05.012 · Cited by 2
Skeletal Muscle and the Immune System
Pence, B. D. (2025) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-88361-3_23 · Cited by 2
Julien, S., Tomasevic, H., Jaworski, T., Zoubaïri, R., Martinet, J., Drouot, L., & Boyer, O. (2025) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.70016 · Cited by 2
“It could also be argued that CTX was injected at the same time as IgG rather than afterwards, but this short time frame avoids the use of immunodeficient mice to prevent xenoimmunization against human IgG, which would lack key mechanisms of muscle regeneration such as regulatory T cells [27].”
Yang, W., Yu, T., Yang, H., Yao, S., Ma, R., Steinert, E. M., Ridge, K. M., Cui, W., Chandel, N. S., & Cong, Y. (2025) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202509953 · Cited by 4
Immunomodulatory biomaterials for vascularized and innervated skeletal muscle repair
Mottel, L. G., Shields, B. R., & Kwee, B. J. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1657015 · Cited by 3
Saeed, N. K., Elbeltagi, Y. M., & Al‐Beltagi, M. (2026) · World Journal of Virology · doi:10.5501/wjv.v15.i1.118362 · Cited by 2
Molecular Mechanisms and Nutritional Modulation in Sarcopenia: A Narrative Review
Chin, H. S., Liu, L., Liao, P.-J., Wee, A. L. R. M., Kwek, X.-Y., Teh, B. T., & Koh, F. H.-X. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18071161 · Cited by 3
Guillemaud, J., Panci, G., Fessard, A., Delivry, L., Jarassier, W., Mounier, R., Gondin, J., Gobert, S., & Chazaud, B. (2026) · Skeletal Muscle · doi:10.1186/s13395-026-00429-2 · Cited by 2
“Indeed, EGF stimulates myoblast and MuSC proliferation and differentiation [49, 50], Tenascin-C activates EGFR via its EGF-like domain to promote MuSC proliferation [51, 52], and Amphiregulin, another EGFR ligand, stimulates MuSC differentiation [53].”
The regulatory logic linking inflammation and fibrosis
Alexanian, M., & Srivastava, D. (2026) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2026.08.001 · Cited by 2
Chromatin dynamics in regeneration epithelia: Lessons from Drosophila imaginal discs
Vizcaya-Molina, E., Klein, C. C., Serras, F., & Corominas, M. (2019) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.04.017 · Cited by 2
T Regulatory Cells in the Visceral Adipose Tissues
Fooks, A. N., & D'Cruz, L. M. (2021) · Immunometabolism · doi:10.20900/immunometab20220002 · Cited by 2
“Recent published data have clearly shown that CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) possess distinct tissue specificity, resulting in Tregs with unique tissue-specific functions depending on their tissue of residence [1-7].”
BackgroundEfficient Isolation of Lymphocytes and Myogenic Cells from the Tissue of Muscle Regeneration
Kitajima, Y., Tsukahara, R., Nakamoto, S., & Yasuda, T. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11111754 · Cited by 2
“Percoll is used in density gradient centrifugation to isolate lymphocytes from tissues [25,38].”
BackgroundMethodChen, Y., Liu, H., Luo, Z., Zhang, J., Dong, M., Yin, G., & Xie, Q. (2024) · Skeletal Muscle · doi:10.1186/s13395-024-00347-1 · Cited by 2
“Burzyn et al. proposed that Treg cells in injured muscle tissue represent a distinct subtype of CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + Treg cell population, exhibiting a unique transcriptome and TCR pool compared to those in lymphoid organs [48].”
BackgroundNotch4 regulatory T cells and SARS‐CoV‐2 viremia shape COVID19 survival outcome
Benamar, M., Lai, P. S., Huang, C., Chen, Q., Öktelik, F. B., Contini, P., Wang, M., Okin, D. A., Crestani, E., Fong, J. J. H., et al. (2024) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.16333 · Cited by 2
Selected Aspects of the Neuroimmunology of Cell Therapies for Neurologic Disease
Ransohoff, R. M. (2024) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000200352 · Cited by 2
Stem Cell Therapy Versus T Lymphocytes: Friend or Foe?
Metcalfe, S. M. (2014) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.1863 · Cited by 2
Regulatory T cells safeguard liver health during metabolic-associated steatohepatitis
Hanna, B. S., Langston, P. K., Marin-Rodero, M., Ramirez, R. N., Wan, M., Benoist, C., & Mathis, D. (2026) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2536314123 · Cited by 1
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Burzyn, D., Kuswanto, W., Kolodin, D., Shadrach, J. L., Cerletti, M., Jang, Y., Sefik, E., Tan, T. G., Wagers, A. J., Benoist, C., & Mathis, D.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mathis, Diane
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 155
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1282-1295
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3894749
- OpenAlex
- W2151328705
- Cited by
- 1,234
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 98 · 2025: 96 · 2024: 101 · 2023: 103 · 2022: 112 · 2021: 117 · 2020: 106 · 2019: 111 · 2018: 112 · 2017: 100 · 2016: 73 · 2015: 62 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 26.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institutes of Health
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG033053)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01HL100402)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R37AI051530)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK036836, R01DK092541)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Keywords
- regulatory T cells, Foxp3, muscle repair, skeletal muscle injury, muscle regeneration, muscular dystrophy, amphiregulin, satellite cells, myeloid cells, Treg depletion, wound healing
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Glycoproteins, Lymphoid Tissue, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Muscular Dystrophies, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Regeneration, Muscle, Skeletal, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Mice, Transcriptome, EGF Family of Proteins, Amphiregulin
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