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Cited by 213Cancer Genomics and DiagnosticsChromatin Remodeling and CancerCancer-related Molecular Pathways

An expanded universe of cancer targets

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Hahn, William C., Bader, Joel S., Braun, Theodore P., Califano, Andrea, Clemons, Paul A., Druker, Brian J., Ewald, Andrew J., Fu, Haian +117 more·2021·Cell
DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.020PMC PMC8066437
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Abstract

The characterization of cancer genomes has provided insight into somatically altered genes across tumors, transformed our understanding of cancer biology, and enabled tailoring of therapeutic strategies. However, the function of most cancer alleles remains mysterious, and many cancer features transcend their genomes. Consequently, tumor genomic characterization does not influence therapy for most patients. Approaches to understand the function and circuitry of cancer genes provide complementary approaches to elucidate both oncogene and non-oncogene dependencies. Emerging work indicates that the diversity of therapeutic targets engendered by non-oncogene dependencies is much larger than the list of recurrently mutated genes. Here we describe a framework for this expanded list of cancer targets, providing novel opportunities for clinical translation.

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  • Primary human organoids have enabled exploration of biological processes in normal physiology and various pathological states previously difficult to study.

    “As a result, primary human organoids have enabled the exploration of biological processes in both normal physiology and various pathological states that were previously difficult to study3,4.”

    From Large-scale CRISPR screening in primary human 3D gastric organoids enables comprehensive dissection of gene-drug interactions (2025) · cites this paper as [4]

    In “Future opportunities” (page not provided), the paper says 3D cultures of primary tumor tissue preserve features seen in vivo and allow study of tumor phenotypes difficult to model in 2D. This supports the claim for cancer-related pathological processes, but the passage does not establish that primary human organoids have enabled study of normal physiology or pathological states more broadly. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Hahn, W. C., Bader, J. S., Braun, T. P., Califano, A., Clemons, P. A., Druker, B. J., Ewald, A. J., Fu, H., Jagu, S., Kemp, C. J., Kim, W., Kuo, C. J., McManus, M. T., B. Mills, G., Mo, X., Sahni, N., Schreiber, S. L., Talamas, J. A., Tamayo, P., Tyner, J. W., Wagner, B. K., Weiss, W. A., Gerhard, D. S., Dancik, V., Gill, S., Hua, B., Sharifnia, T., Viswanathan, V., Zou, Y., Dela Cruz, F., Kung, A., Stockwell, B., Boehm, J., Dempster, J., Manguso, R., Vazquez, F., Cooper, L. A. D., Du, Y., Ivanov, A., Lonial, S., Moreno, C. S., Niu, Q., Owonikoko, T., Ramalingam, S., Reyna, M., Zhou, W., Grandori, C., Shmulevich, I., Swisher, E., Cai, J., Chan, I. S., Dunworth, M., Ge, Y., Georgess, D., Grasset, E. M., Henriet, E., Knútsdóttir, H., Lerner, M. G., Padmanaban, V., Perrone, M. C., Suhail, Y., Tsehay, Y., Warrier, M., Morrow, Q., Nechiporuk, T., Long, N., Saultz, J., Kaempf, A., Minnier, J., Tognon, C. E., Kurtz, S. E., Agarwal, A., Brown, J., Watanabe-Smith, K., Vu, T. Q., Jacob, T., Yan, Y., Robinson, B., Lind, E. F., Kosaka, Y., Demir, E., Estabrook, J., Grzadkowski, M., Nikolova, O., Chen, K., Deneen, B., Liang, H., Bassik, M. C., Bhattacharya, A., Brennan, K., Curtis, C., Gevaert, O., Ji, H. P., Karlsson, K. A. J., Karagyozova, K., Lo, Y.-H., Liu, K., Nakano, M., Sathe, A., Smith, A. R., Spees, K., Wong, W. H., Yuki, K., Hangauer, M., Kaufman, D. S., Balmain, A., Bollam, S. R., Chen, W.-C., Fan, Q., Kersten, K., Krummel, M., Li, Y. R., Menard, M., Nasholm, N., Schmidt, C., Serwas, N. K., Yoda, H., Ashworth, A., Bandyopadhyay, S., Bivona, T., Eades, G., Oberlin, S., Tay, N., Wang, Y., & Weissman, J.
Affiliations
  • Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (US)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • Oregon Health & Science University (US)
  • Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (US)
  • Broad Institute (US)
  • Emory University (US)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • Fred Hutch Cancer Center (US)
  • University of California San Diego (US)
  • Stanford Medicine (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
Corresponding author
Hahn, William C.
ORCID
Venue
Cell
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-03
Volume
184
Issue
5
Pages
1142-1155
ISSN
0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.020
PMC
PMC8066437
OpenAlex
W3133624575
Cited by
213
References
24
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 28
FWCI
4.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Cell (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Cancer Institute (U01 CA176058, U01 CA217842, U01 CA217846, U01 CA217848, U01 CA217851, U01 CA217858, U01 CA217862, U01 CA217864, U01 CA217875, U01 CA21788, U01 CA217882, U01 CA217883)
  • Pfizer
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
Keywords
cancer therapy targets, somatic mutations, tumor genomic alterations, clinical translation, drug target identification
MeSH terms
Animals, Clinical Trials as Topic, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Neoplasms, Drug Delivery Systems, Tumor Escape, Genomics, Tumor Microenvironment

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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