The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Food Processing and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Pooled analysis of four cohorts found weak or no evidence for an association between greater ultra-processed food exposure and higher risk of incident ulcerative colitis (hazard ratio 1.17, 95% confidence interval 0.86 to 1.61; credibility class V; GRADE very low).
“and ulcerative colitis (hazard ratio 1.17, 0.86 to 1.61; class V; very low)”
From Ultra-processed food exposure and adverse health outcomes: umbrella review of epidemiological meta-analyses (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
Pooled analysis of four cohorts found weak or no evidence for an association between greater ultra-processed food exposure and higher risk of incident Crohn's disease (hazard ratio 1.71, 95% confidence interval 1.37 to 2.14; credibility class IV; GRADE low).
“We found weak or no evidence in pooled analyses incorporating data from four cohorts for associations between greater exposure to ultra-processed foods and higher risks of incident Crohn’s disease (hazard ratio 1.71, 1.37 to 2.14; class IV; low)”
From Ultra-processed food exposure and adverse health outcomes: umbrella review of epidemiological meta-analyses (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., et al. (2021) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.n71 · Cited by 108,283
Cumpston, M., Li, T., Page, M. J., Chandler, J., Welch, V. A., Higgins, J. P., & Thomas, J. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.ed000142 · Cited by 7,218
Dietary emulsifiers impact the mouse gut microbiota promoting colitis and metabolic syndrome
Chassaing, B., Koren, O., Goodrich, J. K., Poole, A. C., Srinivasan, S., Ley, R. E., & Gewirtz, A. T. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14232 · Cited by 2,055
Diet, gut microbiota and immune responses
Maslowski, K. M., & Mackay, C. R. (2011) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni0111-5 · Cited by 1,261
Fiolet, T., Srour, B., Sellem, L., Kesse-Guyot, E., Allès, B., Méjean, C., Deschasaux, M., Fassier, P., Latino-Martel, P., Beslay, M., et al. (2018) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.k322 · Cited by 1,057
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 42
- Tjonneland, 2009, Linoleic acid, a dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, and the aetiology of ulcerative colitis: a nested case-control study within a European prospective cohort study, Gut, 58, 1606, 10.1136/gut.2008.169078 · DOI
- Ananthakrishnan, 2014, Long-term intake of dietary fat and risk of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, Gut, 63, 776, 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-305304 · DOI
- Ananthakrishnan, 2013, A prospective study of long-term intake of dietary fiber and risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, Gastroenterology, 145, 970, 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.07.050 · DOI
- Andersen, 2018, Fibre intake and the development of inflammatory bowel disease: a European prospective multi-centre cohort study (EPIC-IBD), J Crohns Colitis, 12, 129, 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjx136 · DOI
- Andersen, 2012, Diet and risk of inflammatory bowel disease, Dig Liver Dis, 44, 185, 10.1016/j.dld.2011.10.001 · DOI
- Khalili, 2020, Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of later-onset Crohn’s disease: results from two large prospective cohort studies, Gut, 69, 1637, 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319505 · DOI
- Lo, 2020, Dietary inflammatory potential and risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, Gastroenterology, 159, 873, 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.011 · DOI
- Narula, 2021, Does a high-inflammatory diet increase the risk of inflammatory bowel disease? results from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study: a prospective cohort study, Gastroenterology, 161, 1333, 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.06.007 · DOI
- Levy, 2021, Ultra-processed food consumption and type 2 diabetes incidence: a prospective cohort study, Clin Nutr, 40, 3608, 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.12.018 · DOI
- Srour, 2019, Ultra-processed food intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: prospective cohort study (NutriNet-Santé), BMJ, 365, l1451, 10.1136/bmj.l1451 · DOI · Paper page
- Jackson, 2019, The accuracy of Google Translate for abstracting data from non–English-language trials for systematic reviews, Ann Intern Med, 171, 677, 10.7326/M19-0891 · DOI
- Monteiro, 2018, The UN Decade of Nutrition, the NOVA food classification and the trouble with ultra-processing, Public Health Nutr, 21, 5, 10.1017/S1368980017000234 · DOI · Paper page
- Liu, 2013, Assessing the validity of a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in the adult population of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, Nutr J, 12, 49, 10.1186/1475-2891-12-49 · DOI
- Macedo-Ojeda, 2013, Validation of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to assess food groups and nutrient intake, Nutr Hosp, 28, 2212
- Foster, 2019, Erratum: Validity and reliability of an online self-report 24-hour dietary recall method (Intake24): a doubly-labelled water study and repeated measures analysis—CORRIGENDUM, J Nutr Sci, 8, e41, 10.1017/jns.2019.38 · DOI
- Stang, 2010, Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses, Eur J Epidemiol, 25, 603, 10.1007/s10654-010-9491-z · DOI · Paper page
- Narula, 2013, Meta-analysis: peri-operative anti-TNFalpha treatment and post-operative complications in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 37, 1057, 10.1111/apt.12313 · DOI
- Eom, 2011, Use of acid-suppressive drugs and risk of fracture: a meta-analysis of observational studies, Ann Fam Med, 9, 257, 10.1370/afm.1243 · DOI
- Guyatt, 2011, GRADE guidelines: a new series of articles in the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, J Clin Epidemiol, 64, 380, 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.09.011 · DOI · Paper page
- Simmonds, 2015, Quantifying the risk of error when interpreting funnel plots, Systematic Reviews, 4, 24, 10.1186/s13643-015-0004-8 · DOI
- Trakman, 2022, Processed food as a risk factor for the development and perpetuation of Crohn’s disease: the ENIGMA study, Nutrients, 14, 10.3390/nu14173627 · DOI
- Vasseur, 2020, Dietary patterns, ultra-processed food, and the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases in the NutriNet-Santé Cohort, Inflamm Bowel Dis
- Narula, 2021, Association of ultra-processed food intake with risk of inflammatory bowel disease: prospective cohort study, BMJ, 374, n1554, 10.1136/bmj.n1554 · DOI
- Lo, 2022, Ultra-processed foods and risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis: a prospective cohort study, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 20, e1323, 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.08.031 · DOI
- Chen, 2022, Intake of ultra-processed foods is associated with an increased risk of Crohn’s disease: a cross-sectional and prospective analysis of 187,154 participants in the UK Biobank, J Crohns Colitis
- Meyer, 2022, Food processing and risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis: a European prospective cohort study, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol
- Hu, 2008, Globalization of food patterns and cardiovascular disease risk, Circulation, 118, 1913, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.808493 · DOI
- Lo, 2020, Dietary inflammatory potential and risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, Gastroenterology, 159, 873, 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.011 · DOI
- Ananthakrishnan, 2015, Zinc intake and risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis: a prospective cohort study, Int J Epidemiol, 44, 1995, 10.1093/ije/dyv301 · DOI
- Khalili, 2016, Identification and characterization of a novel association between dietary potassium and risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, Front Immunol, 7, 554, 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00554 · DOI
- Dong, 2022, Meat intake is associated with a higher risk of ulcerative colitis in a large European prospective cohort study, J Crohns Colitis, 16, 1187, 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac054 · DOI
- Rutgeerts, 1991, Effect of faecal stream diversion on recurrence of Crohn’s disease in the neoterminal ileum, Lancet, 338, 771, 10.1016/0140-6736(91)90663-A · DOI
- Dziechciarz, 2007, Meta-analysis: enteral nutrition in active Crohn’s disease in children, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 26, 795, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03431.x · DOI
- Narula, 2018, Enteral nutritional therapy for induction of remission in Crohn’s disease, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 4, Cd000542
- Torres, 2020, Serum biomarkers identify patients who will develop inflammatory bowel diseases up to 5 years before diagnosis, Gastroenterology, 96, 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.007 · DOI
- Monteiro, 2022, Does the concept of "ultra-processed foods" help inform dietary guidelines, beyond conventional classification systems?, Yes. Am J Clin Nutr, 10.1093/ajcn/nqac122 · DOI
- Swidsinski, 2009, Bacterial overgrowth and inflammation of small intestine after carboxymethylcellulose ingestion in genetically susceptible mice, Inflamm Bowel Dis, 15, 359, 10.1002/ibd.20763 · DOI
- Shang, 2017, Carrageenan-induced colitis is associated with decreased population of anti-inflammatory bacterium, Akkermansia muciniphila, in the gut microbiota of C57BL/6J mice, Toxicol Lett, 279, 87, 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.904 · DOI
- Laudisi, 2019, The food additive maltodextrin promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress-driven mucus depletion and exacerbates intestinal inflammation, Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol, 7, 457, 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.09.002 · DOI
- Ruiz, 2017, Titanium dioxide nanoparticles exacerbate DSS-induced colitis: role of the NLRP3 inflammasome, Gut, 66, 1216, 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-310297 · DOI
- Sandall, 2020, Emulsifiers impact colonic length in mice and emulsifier restriction is feasible in people with Crohn’s disease, Nutrients, 12, 10.3390/nu12092827 · DOI
- Naimi, 2021, Direct impact of commonly used dietary emulsifiers on human gut microbiota, Microbiome, 9, 66, 10.1186/s40168-020-00996-6 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Lane, M. M., Gamage, E., Du, S., Ashtree, D. N., McGuinness, A. J., Gauci, S., Baker, P., Lawrence, M., Rebholz, C. M., Srour, B., et al. (2024) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-077310 · Cited by 1,153
Gorelik, Y., Ghersin, I., Lujan, R., Shlon, D., Loewenberg Weisband, Y., Ben-Tov, A., Matz, E., Zacay, G., Dotan, I., Turner, D., et al. (2025) · Journal of Crohn's and Colitis · doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae160 · Cited by 41
Metadata
- Authors
- Narula, N., Chang, N. H., Mohammad, D., Wong, E. C. L., Ananthakrishnan, A. N., Chan, S. S. M., Carbonnel, F., & Meyer, A.
- ORCID
- Narula, Neeraj
- Venue
- Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-09
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2483-2495.e1
- ISSN
- 1542-3565
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 5
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review