Metformin Alters Upper Small Intestinal Microbiota that Impact a Glucose-SGLT1-Sensing Glucoregulatory Pathway

Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2

Love, M. I., Huber, W., & Anders, S. (2014) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-014-0550-8 · Cited by 95,106

QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data

Caporaso, J. G., Kuczynski, J., Stombaugh, J., Bittinger, K., Bushman, F. D., Costello, E. K., Fierer, N., Peña, A. G., Goodrich, J. K., Gordon, J. I., et al. (2010) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.f.303 · Cited by 34,887

Naive Bayesian Classifier for Rapid Assignment of rRNA Sequences into the New Bacterial Taxonomy

Wang, Q., Garrity, G. M., Tiedje, J. M., & Cole, J. R. (2007) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00062-07 · Cited by 20,145

ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis

Wickham, H. (2009) · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-98141-3 · Cited by 14,447

Gentleman R: R: A language for data analysis and graphics

Ihaka, R., & Gentleman, R. (1996) · Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics · doi:10.1080/10618600.1996.10474713 · Cited by 11,747

Greengenes, a Chimera-Checked 16S rRNA Gene Database and Workbench Compatible with ARB

DeSantis, T. Z., Hugenholtz, P., Larsen, N., Rojas, M., Brodie, E. L., Keller, K., Huber, T., Dalevi, D., Hu, P., & Andersen, G. L. (2006) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.03006-05 · Cited by 10,891

Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Changes in Lifestyle among Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Tuomilehto, J., Lindström, J., Eriksson, J. G., Valle, T. T., Hämäläinen, H., Ilanne-Parikka, P., Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S., Laakso, M., Louheranta, A., Rastas, M., et al. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200105033441801 · Cited by 10,873

Role of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Mechanism of Metformin Action

Zhou, G., Myers, R., Li, Y., Chen, Y., Shen, X., Fenyk-Melody, J., Wu, M., Ventre, J., Doebber, T., Fujii, N., et al. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci13505 · Cited by 5,652

Cross-talk between Akkermansia muciniphila and intestinal epithelium controls diet-induced obesity

Everard, A., Belzer, C., Geurts, L., Ouwerkerk, J. P., Druart, C., Bindels, L. B., Guiot, Y., Derrien, M., Muccioli, G. G., Delzenne, N. M., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1219451110 · Cited by 4,511

The Effect of Diet on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Metagenomic Analysis in Humanized Gnotobiotic Mice

Turnbaugh, P. J., Ridaura, V. K., Faith, J. J., Rey, F. E., Knight, R., & Gordon, J. I. (2009) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3000322 · Cited by 3,058

Metformin alleviates choline diet-induced TMAO elevation in C57BL/6J mice by influencing gut-microbiota composition and functionality

Su, C., Li, X., Yang, Y., Du, Y., Zhang, X., Wang, L., & Hong, B. (2021) · Nutrition and Diabetes · doi:10.1038/s41387-021-00169-w · Cited by 32

Aqueous Extract of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Leaf Ameliorates Hyperglycemia by Promoting Hepatic Glycogen Synthesis and Modulating Gut Microbiota

Chu, S., Zhang, F., Wang, H., Xie, L., Chen, Z., Zeng, W., Zhou, Z., & Hu, F. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.907702 · Cited by 39

Glucose metabolism and tumour microenvironment in pancreatic cancer: A key link in cancer progression

Dong, S., Li, W., Li, X., Wang, Z., Zhou, C., Shi, H., He, R., Chen, C., & Zhou, W. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038650 · Cited by 33

Metformin: From diabetes to cancer to prolongation of life

Sirtori, C. R., Castiglione, S., & Pavanello, C. (2024) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107367 · Cited by 38

Targeting the gut microbiota: a new strategy for colorectal cancer treatment

Hu, Y., Zhou, P., Deng, K., Zhou, Y., & Hu, K. (2024) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-024-05671-0 · Cited by 32

The gut-cardiovascular connection: new era for cardiovascular therapy

Cheng, C. K., & Huang, Y. (2021) · Medical Review · doi:10.1515/mr-2021-0002 · Cited by 31

Effect of Metformin on Antipsychotic-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction: The Potential Role of Gut-Brain Axis

Luo, C., Wang, X., Huang, H., Mao, X., Zhou, H., & Liu, Z. (2019) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00371 · Cited by 30

The role and mechanism of the gut microbiota in the development and treatment of diabetic kidney disease

Wu, X., Zhao, L., Zhāng, Y., Li, K., & Yang, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1166685 · Cited by 29

Mouse model of metformin-induced diarrhea

Takemori, H., Hamamoto, A., Isogawa, K., Ito, M., Takagi, M., Morino, H., Miura, T., Oshida, K., & Shibata, T. (2020) · BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care · doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000898 · Cited by 28

Vertical sleeve gastrectomy increases duodenal Lactobacillus spp. richness associated with the activation of intestinal HIF2α signaling and metabolic benefits

Shao, Y., Evers, S. S., Shin, J. H., Ramakrishnan, S. K., Bozadjieva-Kramer, N., Yao, Q., Shah, Y. M., Sandoval, D. A., & Seeley, R. J. (2022) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101432 · Cited by 30

Upper small intestine microbiome in obesity and related metabolic disorders: A new field of investigation

Steinbach, E., Masi, D., Ribeiro, A., Serradas, P., Roy, T. L., & Clément, K. (2023) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155712 · Cited by 30

Interactions Between Therapeutics for Metabolic Disease, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Gut Microbiota

Ding, Q., Tian, J., Li, M., Lian, F., Zhao, L., Wei, X., Han, L., Zheng, Y., Gao, Z., Yang, H., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.530160 · Cited by 28

The Gastrointestinal Tract as Prime Site for Cardiometabolic Protection by Dietary Polyphenols

Villa-Rodríguez, J. A., Ifie, I., González-Aguilar, G. A., & Roopchand, D. E. (2019) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmz038 · Cited by 27

Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Pathophysiological-Based Approach

Samocha‐Bonet, D., Debs, S. R., & Greenfield, J. R. (2018) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2018.03.014 · Cited by 26

Metformin treatment for 8 days impacts multiple intestinal parameters in high-fat high-sucrose fed mice

Bravard, A., Gérard, C., Defois, C., Benoit, B., Makki, K., Meugnier, E., Rainteau, D. P., Rieusset, J., Godet, M., & Vidal, H. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-95117-0 · Cited by 28

Vagal pathways for systemic regulation of glucose metabolism

Borgmann, D., & Fenselau, H. (2023) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.07.010 · Cited by 27

A novel role for farnesoid X receptor in the bile acid‐mediated intestinal glucose homeostasis

Zhao, L., Xuan, Z., Song, W., Zhang, S., Li, Z., Song, G., Zhu, X., Xie, H., Zheng, S., & Song, P. (2020) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/jcmm.15881 · Cited by 26

A Single Dose of Oral Metformin Reduces the Post-Prandial Glucose Response Through a Transient Modulation of Apical Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter

Zubiaga, L., Briand, O., Auger, F., Touche, V., Hübert, T., Thévenet, J., Marciniak, C., Quenon, A., Bonner, C., Peschard, S., et al. (2019) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106057 · Cited by 28

The Effects of Cardioprotective Antidiabetic Therapy on Microbiota in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—A Systematic Review

Bica, I.-C., Pietroșel, V.-A., Salmen, T., Diaconu, C.-T., Fierbinteanu-Braticevici, C. G., Stoica, R. A., Suceveanu, A., & Stoian, A. P. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24087184 · Cited by 26

Hyperglycemia is associated with duodenal dysbiosis and altered duodenal microenvironment

Darra, A., Singh, V., Jena, A., Popli, P., Nada, R., Gupta, P. C., Bhadada, S. K., Singh, A. K., Sharma, V., Bhattacharya, A., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-37720-x · Cited by 27

Combining a High Dose of Metformin With the SIRT1 Activator, SRT1720, Reduces Life Span in Aged Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Palliyaguru, D. L., Minor, R. K., Mitchell, S. J., Palacios, H. H., Licata, J. J., Ward, T. M., Abulwerdi, G. A., Elliott, P. J., Westphal, C. H., Ellis, J. L., et al. (2020) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glaa148 · Cited by 24

Efficacy of pectins with different degrees of methyl-esterification and of blockiness in preventing gut epithelial cell barrier disruption and the impact on sodium–glucose co-transporter expression under low and high glucose conditions

Tang, X., Beukema, M., Ferrari, M. D. L., Walvoort, M. T. C., de Haan, B. J., & de Vos, P. (2023) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d3fo01436c · Cited by 21

Lignan-rich extract from Cinnamomum camphora leaf attenuates metabolic syndrome by modulating glycolipid metabolism and gut microbiota in T2DM mice

Huang, W., Huang, G.-P., Zhang, L.-X., da Yu, E., Yang, W.-K., Ye, M., Zou, S., Ni, L., & He, H. (2024) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156118 · Cited by 22

Sacha inchi ( Plukenetia volubilis L.) shell extract alleviates hypertension in association with the regulation of gut microbiota

Li, P., Cai, X., Xiao, N., Ma, X., Zeng, L., Zhang, L., Xie, L., & Du, B. (2020) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d0fo01770a · Cited by 23

The impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors on gut microbiota: a scoping review

Afşar, B., Afşar, R. E., & Lentine, K. L. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40200-024-01435-1 · Cited by 21

Metformin alleviates irradiation-induced intestinal injury by activation of FXR in intestinal epithelia

Yang, J.-Y., Liu, M., Lv, L. L., Guo, J.-R., He, K.-Y., Zhang, H., Wang, K., Cui, C.-Y., Yan, B., Du, D., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.932294 · Cited by 21

The gastrointestinal tract is a major source of the acute metformin-stimulated rise in GDF15

Kincaid, J. W. R., Rimmington, D., Tadross, J. A., Cimino, I., Zvetkova, I., Kaser, A., Richards, P., Patel, S., O’Rahilly, S., & Coll, A. P. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-51866-2 · Cited by 20

Therapeutic Strategies to Modulate Gut Microbial Health: Approaches for Chronic Metabolic Disorder Management

Rondanelli, M., Borromeo, S., Cavioni, A., Gasparri, C., Gattone, I., Genovese, E., Lazzarotti, A., Minonne, L., Moroni, A., Patelli, Z., et al. (2025) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo15020127 · Cited by 27

Role of gut microbiome in regulating the effectiveness of metformin in reducing colorectal cancer in type 2 diabetes

Huang, Q., Yao, F., Zhou, C., Huang, X., Wang, Q., Long, H., & Wu, Q. (2020) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i24.6213 · Cited by 21

Altered intestinal epithelial nutrient transport: an underappreciated factor in obesity modulated by diet and microbiota

Sundaram, S., & Borthakur, A. (2021) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bcj20200902 · Cited by 21

Oligofructose restores postprandial short‐chain fatty acid levels during high‐fat feeding

Meyer, R. K., Lane, A. I., Weninger, S. N., Martinez, T. M., Kangath, A., Laubitz, D., & Duca, F. A. (2022) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23456 · Cited by 20

Metformin to treat Huntington disease: A pleiotropic drug against a multi-system disorder

Trujillo-Del Río, C., Tortajada-Pérez, J., Gómez-Escribano, A. P., Casterá, F., Peiró, C., Millán, J. M., Herrero, M. J., & Vázquez-Manrique, R. P. (2022) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2022.111670 · Cited by 19

Yeast β‐Glucan Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Mice Humanized with Obese Type 2 Diabetic Gut Microbiota

Mitchelson, K. A. J., Tran, T. T. T., Dillon, E., Vlčková, K., Harrison, S. M., Ntemiri, A., Cunningham, K., Gibson, I., Finucane, F. M., O’Connor, E. M., et al. (2022) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.202100819 · Cited by 20

Enhancing Metformin Effects by Adding Gut Microbiota Modulators to Ameliorate the Metabolic Status of Obese, Insulin-Resistant Hosts

Seicaru, E. M., Ilie, I. R. P., Cătinean, A., Craciun, A. M., & Ghervan, C. (2022) · Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases · doi:10.15403/jgld-4248 · Cited by 20

Impact of the timing of metformin administration on glycaemic and glucagon-like peptide-1 responses to intraduodenal glucose infusion in type 2 diabetes: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover study

Xie, C., Iroga, P. E., Bound, M. J., Grivell, J., Huang, W., Jones, K. L., Horowitz, M., Rayner, C. K., & Wu, T. (2024) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-024-06131-6 · Cited by 23

Pharmabiotic Manipulation of the Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Clinical Perspective

Giron, F., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2018) · Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility · doi:10.5056/jnm18004 · Cited by 20

Metabolic regulation by the intestinal metformin-AMPK axis

Zhang, S., & Lam, T. K. T. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-30477-3 · Cited by 18

The development and benefits of metformin in various diseases

Dong, Y., Qi, Y., Jiang, H., Tian, M., Zhang, Y., Peng, C. S., Li, W.-C., Zhang, Y., Zhou, Y., Zang, Y., et al. (2023) · Frontiers of Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11684-023-0998-6 · Cited by 21

Glycyrrhizic acid improving the liver protective effect by restoring the composition of Lactobacillus

Yuan, T., Wang, J., Chen, L., Shan, J., & Di, L. (2018) · Journal of Functional Foods · doi:10.1016/j.jff.2018.11.001 · Cited by 18

The Effect of Theaflavins on the Gut Microbiome and Metabolites in Diabetic Mice

Wang, J., Qin, Y., Jiang, J., Shan, H., Zhao, C., & Li, S. (2023) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods12203865 · Cited by 18

Small intestinal CaSR-dependent and CaSR-independent protein sensing regulates feeding and glucose tolerance in rats

Li, R. J. W., Barros, D. R., Kuah, R., Lim, Y.-M., Gao, A., Beaudry, J. L., Zhang, S., & Lam, T. K. T. (2024) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-023-00942-4 · Cited by 17

Synthetic gutomics: Deciphering the microbial code for futuristic diagnosis and personalized medicine

Satapathy, P., Khan, K., Devi, A. T., Patil, A. G., Govindaraju, A. M., Gopal, S., Prasad, M. N. N., More, V. S., Kakarla, R. R., Raghu, A. V., et al. (2019) · Methods in microbiology · doi:10.1016/bs.mim.2019.02.001 · Cited by 17

Pediococcus acidilactici pA1c® Improves the Beneficial Effects of Metformin Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes by Controlling Glycaemia and Modulating Intestinal Microbiota

Cabello-Olmo, M., Oneca, M., Urtasun, R., Pajares, M. J., Goñi, S., Riezu‐Boj, J. I., Milagro, F. I., Ayo, J., Encı́o, I., Barajas, M., et al. (2023) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15041203 · Cited by 16

Coptidis Rhizoma processed with Evodia Rutaecarpa improves the effect on ulcerative colitis by increasing intestinal energy metabolites alpha-ketoglutarate and Lactobacillus reuteri

Luo, Z., Hu, Y.-X., Qiu, C.-W., Chen, W., Li, L., Chen, F., & Liu, C. (2023) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155115 · Cited by 16

Dapagliflozin ameliorates diabetes-induced spermatogenic dysfunction by modulating the adenosine metabolism along the gut microbiota-testis axis

Jin, Z., Cao, Y., Wen, Q., Zhang, H., Fang, Z., Zhao, Q., Xi, Y., Luo, Z., Jiang, H., Zhang, Z., et al. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-51224-2 · Cited by 15

A non-pharmacological therapeutic approach in the gut triggers distal metabolic rewiring capable of ameliorating diet-induced dysfunctions encompassed by metabolic syndrome

Greco, C. M., Garetto, S., Montellier, E., Liu, Y., Chen, S., Baldi, P., Sassone‐Corsi, P., & Lucci, J. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69469-y · Cited by 18

A diet high in FODMAPs as a novel dietary strategy in diabetes?

Chu, N. H. S., Chan, J. C. N., & Chow, E. (2022) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.036 · Cited by 15

A blast from the past: To tame time with metformin

Xenos, D., Mecocci, P., & Boccardi, V. (2022) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2022.111743 · Cited by 15

Microbiota and Aging

Lu, M., & Wang, Z. (2018) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1117-8_9 · Cited by 15

A Gut Feeling for Metformin

Cherney, D. Z. I., & Lam, T. K. T. (2018) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.11.012 · Cited by 17

The effect of coffee consumption on glucose homeostasis and redox-inflammatory responses in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

Ramos, L. V., da Costa, T. H. M., & Arruda, S. F. (2021) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108881 · Cited by 14

Spatial variation of the gut microbiome in response to long-term metformin treatment in high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes mouse model of both sexes

Silamiķele, L., Saksis, R., Silamiķelis, I., Kotoviča, P. P., Brīvība, M., Kalniņa, I., Kalniņa, Z., Frīdmanis, D., & Kloviņš, J. (2023) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2023.2188663 · Cited by 15

Metformin in gestational diabetes: physiological actions and clinical applications

Mason, T., Alesi, S., Fernando, M., Vanky, E., Teede, H. J., & Mousa, A. (2024) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-024-01049-w · Cited by 19

Effects of Capsaicin on the Hypoglycemic Regulation of Metformin and Gut Microbiota Profiles in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Kang, Z.-Q., Hu, J.-L., Chen, M., Mao, Y., Xie, L.-F., Yang, N., Liu, T., Zhang, W., & Huang, W.-H. (2022) · The American Journal of Chinese Medicine · doi:10.1142/s0192415x22500355 · Cited by 14

The role of MicroRNA networks in tissue-specific direct and indirect effects of metformin and its application

Yang, Q., Wang, G., Fang, D., Gao, X., Yu, L., Wang, L., Wu, J., Zeng, M., & Luo, M. (2022) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113130 · Cited by 14

Striking a gut–liver balance for the antidiabetic effects of metformin

Barroso, E., Montori-Grau, M., Wahli, W., Palomer, X., & Vázquez‐Carrera, M. (2023) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2023.04.004 · Cited by 14

Sucralose can improve glucose tolerance and upregulate expression of sweet taste receptors and glucose transporters in an obese rat model

Cheng, Q., Qi, Y., Feng, R., Yang, M., Zhang, M., Liu, W. Y., Rayner, C. K., & Ma, J. (2020) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-020-02375-1 · Cited by 14

Metformin Effects on SHIP2, AMPKs and Gut Microbiota: Recent Updates on Pharmacology

Shivaprakash, P., Beeraka, N. M., Madhunapantula, S. V., Nikolenko, V. N., & Basalingappa, K. M. (2024) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0109298673289342240213040144 · Cited by 14

Improvement of Theaflavins on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Diabetes Mellitus

Xu, S., Chen, Y., & Gong, Y. (2024) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods13111763 · Cited by 15

Sugar transporter genes in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus): molecular cloning, characterization, and expression in response to different stocking densities

Liang, X., Yan, F., Gao, Y., Xiong, M., Wang, H., Onxayvieng, K., Tang, R., Li, L., Zhang, X., Chi, W., et al. (2020) · Fish Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s10695-020-00770-3 · Cited by 13

The antidiabetic drug metformin aids bacteria in hijacking vitamin B12 from the environment through RcdA

Yao, L., Wang, Y., Qin, S., Zhu, S., & Wu, L. (2023) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-023-04475-0 · Cited by 16

Small intestinal metabolomics analysis reveals differentially regulated metabolite profiles in obese rats and with prebiotic supplementation

Meyer, R. K., Bime, M. A., & Duca, F. A. (2022) · Metabolomics · doi:10.1007/s11306-022-01920-9 · Cited by 12

Imeglimin enhances glucagon secretion through an indirect mechanism and improves fatty liver in high‐fat, high‐sucrose diet‐fed mice

Kikuchi, O., Ikeuchi, Y., Kobayashi, M., Tabei, Y., Yokota‐Hashimoto, H., & Kitamura, T. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes Investigation · doi:10.1111/jdi.14249 · Cited by 12

High glucose load and endotoxemia among overweight and obese Arab women with and without diabetes

Aldisi, D. A., Ansari, M. G. A., Sabico, S., Wani, K., Hussain, S. D., El-Shafie, M., McTernan, P. G., & Al‐Daghri, N. M. (2020) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000023211 · Cited by 12

Metformin—mechanisms of its glycemia-reducing effect

Drewe, J., Foretz, M., & Krähenbühl, S. (2025) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.pharmr.2025.100106 · Cited by 18

Extensive therapeutic effects, underlying molecular mechanisms and disease treatment prediction of Metformin: a systematic review

Geng, Y., Wang, Z., Xu, X., Sun, X., Dong, X., Luo, Y., & Sun, X. (2023) · Translational research · doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2023.08.001 · Cited by 13

L. rhamnosus CNCM I-3690 survival, adaptation, and small bowel microbiome impact in human

Zaccaria, E., Klaassen, T., Alleleyn, A. M. E., Boekhorst, J., Chervaux, C., Smokvina, T., Troost, F. J., & Kleerebezem, M. (2023) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2023.2244720 · Cited by 11

Vitamin D regulates glucose metabolism in zebrafish (Danio rerio) by maintaining intestinal homeostasis

Shao, R., Liao, X., Wang, W., Lan, Y., Zhang, H., Du, Q., Jiao, L., Yin, Z., Ai, Q., Mai, K., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109473 · Cited by 11

Microbial metabolic gatekeeping in the jejunum

Kleerebezem, M. (2018) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-018-0172-0 · Cited by 11

Health Effects of Sugar-Sweetened and Artificially Sweetened Beverages: Umbrella Review and Evidence-Based Consensus Statement of the Korean Diabetes Association and the Korean Nutrition Society

Choi, J. H., Song, S., Kim, S. K., Cho, J. W., Bae, J. H., Moon, S., Lim, J. H., Lee, Y., Hwang, J., Song, Y., et al. (2026) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2025.0848 · Cited by 11

Metformin targets intestinal immune system signaling pathways in a high-fat diet-induced mouse model of obesity and insulin resistance

Brīvība, M., Silamiķele, L., Kalniņa, I., Silamiķelis, I., Birzniece, L., Ansone, L., Jagare, L., Elbere, I., & Kloviņš, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1232143 · Cited by 12

Unveiling the potential pleiotropic effects of metformin in treating COVID-19: a comprehensive review

Petakh, P., Kamyshna, I. I., & Kamyshnyi, O. (2023) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2023.1260633 · Cited by 11

Metformin's modulation of gut microbiota and its implications for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease(NAFLD): A network pharmacology and molecular dynamics study

Sabarathinam, S., Venkatachalapathy, R., & Jayaraman, A. (2024) · Human Gene · doi:10.1016/j.humgen.2024.201364 · Cited by 8

Pharmacological and physiological activation of TGR5 in the NTS lowers food intake by enhancing leptin-STAT3 signaling

Bruce, K., Zhang, S., Garrido, A. N., Wang, M. T., Bachor, T. P., Wang, P., Xu, A. W., Yang, Z., & Lam, T. K. T. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60331-1 · Cited by 9

Metformin: Antidiabetic actions from cells to tissues

Bailey, C. J., Gwilt, M., & Brand, K. M. G. (2026) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156589 · Cited by 10

Metabolic complications of glucocorticoids – Prevention by metformin

Sanpawithayakul, K., & Korbonits, M. (2023) · Annales d Endocrinologie · doi:10.1016/j.ando.2023.05.002 · Cited by 9

Region-Specific Effects of Metformin on Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in High-Fat Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mouse Model

Cheng, M., Jia, X., Ren, L., Chen, S., Wang, W., Wang, J., & Cong, B. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25137250 · Cited by 9

Intestinal NUCB2/nesfatin-1 regulates hepatic glucose production via the MC4R-cAMP-GLP-1 pathway

Geng, S., Yang, S., Tang, X., Xue, S., Li, K., Liu, D., Chen, C., Zhu, Z., Zheng, H., Wang, Y., et al. (2024) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/s44318-024-00300-4 · Cited by 8

Gut microbiome profiles associated with steatosis severity in metabolic associated fatty liver disease

Dong, T. S., Luu, K., Lagishetty, V., Sedighian, F., Woo, S., Dreskin, B. W., Katzka, W. R., Chang, C., Zhou, Y., Arias-Jayo, N., et al. (2021) · Hepatoma Research · doi:10.20517/2394-5079.2021.55 · Cited by 8

Advantages of the use of metformin in patients with impaired uric acid metabolism

Елисеев, М. С., Паневин, Т. С., Zhelyabina, O. V., & Nasonov, E. L. (2021) · Terapevticheskii arkhiv · doi:10.26442/00403660.2021.05.200795 · Cited by 8

Deciphering metformin action in obese mice: A critical re-evaluation of established protocols

Kaplanian, M., Philippe, C., Eid, S. A., Hackl, M. T., Metz, M., Beghini, M., Luca, A. C., Kautzky‐Willer, A., Scherer, T., & Fürnsinn, C. (2021) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154956 · Cited by 8

Dietary administration with hydrolyzed silk sericin improves the intestinal health of diabetic rats

Zhou, W., Weng, Y., Liu, Q., Wang, C., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., & Ye, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1074892 · Cited by 8

Alterations in gastric and gut microbiota following sleeve gastrectomy in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

Park, Y. S., Ahn, K., Yun, K., Jeong, J.-U., Baek, K., Lee, J., Kim, H., Han, K., & Ahn, Y. J. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-48718-w · Cited by 8

Integrated Analysis of Gut Microbiome and Adipose Transcriptome Reveals Beneficial Effects of Resistant Dextrin from Wheat Starch on Insulin Resistance in Kunming Mice

Chen, X., Hou, Y., Liao, A., Pan, L., Yang, S., Liu, Y., Wang, J. J., Xue, Y., Zhang, M., Zhu, Z., et al. (2024) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom14020186 · Cited by 10

Cecum microbiota composition, fermentation characteristics, and immunometabolic biomarkers of Yunshang black goat fed varying dietary energy and protein levels

Fu, B., Zhao, X., Khan, M. T., Jiang, Y., Li, W., Mushtaq, M., Danzeng, B., Ni, X., Azeem, Z., Shao, Q., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2025.1523586 · Cited by 7

The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonist 7β-isopropylchenodeoxycholic acid improves glucose metabolism in mice on a Western diet

Štefela, A., Dohnalová, K., Laštůvková, H., Škoda, J., Bajnokova, M., Lestavel, S., Touche, V., Kašpar, M., Kudová, E., Hroch, M., et al. (2025) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2025.107950 · Cited by 7

Metformin Alters the Chemotaxis and Flagellar Motility of Escherichia coli

Ye, Y., Jiang, P., Huang, C., Li, J., Chen, J., Wang, L., Lin, Y., Wang, F., & Liu, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.792406 · Cited by 9

Metformin intervention against ovarian toxicity during chemotherapy for early breast cancer: Study protocol for a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

Zhang, J., Ma, X., Li, Y., Liu, R., Li, Y., Zhang, P., Ren, W., Cui, P., Wang, B., Zhang, M., et al. (2020) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.04.010 · Cited by 7

Metformin exposure, maternal PCOS status and fetal venous liver circulation: A randomized, placebo-controlled study

Grindheim, S., Ebbing, C., Karlsen, H. O., Skulstad, S. M., Real, F. G., Lønnebotn, M., Løvvik, T. S., Vanky, E., & Kessler, J. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262987 · Cited by 7

The impact of antibiotics on the metabolic status of obese adults without bacterial infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yoshida, N., Saito, Y., Tsujimoto, Y., Taito, S., Banno, M., Kataoka, Y., Yamashita, T., & Hirata, K. (2020) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm-20-1007a · Cited by 7

The Enteric Neuronal Circuitry: A Key Ignored Player in Nutrient Sensing Along the Gut–Brain Axis

Nikolla, E., Grandberry, A., Jamerson, D., Flynn, C. R., & Sundaresan, S. (2025) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202500220rr · Cited by 6

Vildagliptin modulates the microbiota and induces an immunometabolic profile compatible with neuroprotection in type 2 diabetes

de Macedo, J. C. C., Guadagnini, D., Assalin, H. B., Oliveira, E. S., Magro, D. O., Alborghetti, M. R., Sforça, M. L., Rocco, S. A., Santos, A., & Saad, M. J. A. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-12990-9 · Cited by 8

Impact of gastric emptying and small intestinal carbohydrate absorption on glycemia in health and diabetes: therapeutic implications

Jalleh, R. J., Wu, T., Umapathysivam, M. M., Young, R. L., Jones, K. L., Marathe, C. S., Rayner, C. K., Plummer, M. P., & Horowitz, M. (2026) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00009.2025 · Cited by 6

Different Types and Functional Effects of Probiotics on Human Health through Regulating Glucose Homeostasis

Zhang, Y., Wei, X., Sun, Q., Qian, W., Liu, X., Li, J., Long, Y., & Wan, X. (2021) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04291 · Cited by 6

Targeting Bile Acid-Activated Receptors in Bariatric Surgery

Ding, L., Fang, Z., Liu, Y., Zhang, E., Huang, T., Yang, L., Wang, Z., & Huang, W. (2019) · Handbook of experimental pharmacology · doi:10.1007/164_2019_229 · Cited by 6

Metformin promotes bacterial surface aggregation by inhibiting the swimming motility of flagellated Escherichia coli

Jiang, P., Ye, Y., Liu, J., & Wang, F. (2023) · Journal of Basic Microbiology · doi:10.1002/jobm.202200716 · Cited by 6

Detection and Quantification of Some Ethanol-Producing Bacterial Strains in the Gut of Mouse Model of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Role of Metformin

Abouelkheir, M. M., Taher, I., Eladl, A., Shabaan, D. A., Soliman, M. F. M., & Taha, A. E. (2023) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph16050658 · Cited by 5

Modern aspects for preventive therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Салухов, В. В., & Romashevskiĭ, B. V. (2019) · Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council · doi:10.21518/2079-701x-2019-4-6-13 · Cited by 5

Nutrient infusion in the dorsal vagal complex controls hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism in rats

Li, R. J. W., Batchuluun, B., Zhang, S., Abraham, M. A., Wang, B., Lim, Y.-M., Yue, J. T. Y., & Lam, T. K. T. (2021) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2021.102366 · Cited by 7

The upper small intestinal microbiota regulates nutrient sensing pathways to influence glucose homeostasis

Bauer, P. V. (2018) · TSpace (University of Toronto)

Lactobacillus gasseri in the Upper Small Intestine Impacts an ACSL3-Dependent Fatty Acid-Sensing Pathway Regulating Whole-Body Glucose Homeostasis

Bauer, P. V., Duca, F. A., Waise, T. M. Z., Dranse, H. J., Rasmussen, B. A., Puri, A., Rasti, M., O'Brien, C. A., & Lam, T. K. T. (2018) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.01.013 · Cited by 110

Metformin and intestinal microbiota

Григорьева, И. Н., Романова, Т. И., Станиславовна, С. Т., & Nepomnyashchikh, D. L. (2024) · Medical alphabet · doi:10.33667/2078-5631-2024-26-19-23 · Cited by 1

Sugar, drugs, and gut bugs

Shoemaker, A. H. (2017) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aaq1228

Lactobacillus Gasseri in the Upper Small Intestine Impacts an ACSL3-Dependent Fatty Acid Sensing Pathway That Regulates Whole-Body Glucose Homeostasis

Bauer, P. V., Duca, F. A., Waise, T. M. Z., Dranse, H. J., Rasmussen, B. A., Puri, A., Rasti, M., & Lam, T. K. T. (2018) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db18-1948-p