The DOI matches its Crossref record; 75 of the 75 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Microbiota-Derived Metabolites Suppress Arthritis by Amplifying Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation in Regulatory B Cells
Open accessAbstract
The differentiation of IL-10-producing regulatory B cells (Bregs) in response to gut-microbiota-derived signals supports the maintenance of tolerance. However, whether microbiota-derived metabolites can modulate Breg suppressive function remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and arthritic mice have a reduction in microbial-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compared to healthy controls and that in mice, supplementation with the SCFA butyrate reduces arthritis severity. Butyrate supplementation suppresses arthritis in a Breg-dependent manner by increasing the level of the serotonin-derived metabolite 5-Hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA), which activates the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a newly discovered transcriptional marker for Breg function. Thus, butyrate supplementation via AhR activation controls a molecular program that supports Breg function while inhibiting germinal center (GC) B cell and plasmablast differentiation. Our study demonstrates that butyrate supplementation may serve as a viable therapy for the amelioration of systemic autoimmune disorders.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“For instance, butyrate has been shown to restrict inflammation by promoting the differentiation of Treg cells and supporting the functions of regulatory B cells.706–708”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [706]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner
Dobin, A., Davis, C. A., Schlesinger, F., Drenkow, J., Zaleski, C., Jha, S., Batut, P., Chaisson, M., & Gingeras, T. R. (2013) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bts635 · Cited by 51,709
Robinson, M. D., McCarthy, D. J., & Smyth, G. K. (2010) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp616 · Cited by 41,364
limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies
Ritchie, M. E., Phipson, B., Wu, D., Hu, Y., Law, C. W., Shi, W., & Smyth, G. K. (2015) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkv007 · Cited by 40,458
The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and web-based tools
Quast, C., Pruesse, E., Yilmaz, P., Gerken, J., Schweer, T., Yarza, P., Peplies, J., & Glöckner, F. O. (2012) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gks1219 · Cited by 33,055
Schloss, P. D., Westcott, S. L., Ryabin, T., Hall, J. R., Hartmann, M., Hollister, E. B., Lesniewski, R. A., Oakley, B. B., Parks, D. H., Robinson, C. J., et al. (2009) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.01541-09 · Cited by 21,481
HTSeq—a Python framework to work with high-throughput sequencing data
Anders, S., Pyl, P. T., & Huber, W. (2015) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btu638 · Cited by 21,464
Model-based Analysis of ChIP-Seq (MACS)
Zhang, Y., Liu, T., Meyer, C. A., Eeckhoute, J., Johnson, D. S., Bernstein, B. E., Nusbaum, C., Myers, R. M., Brown, M., Li, W., et al. (2008) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-9-r137 · Cited by 18,386
VSEARCH: a versatile open source tool for metagenomics
(2016) · doi:10.7717/peerj.2584 · Cited by 10,773
Near-optimal probabilistic RNA-seq quantification
Bray, N. L., Pimentel, H., Melsted, P., & Pachter, L. (2016) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.3519 · Cited by 9,723
KEGG as a reference resource for gene and protein annotation
Kanehisa, M., Sato, Y., Kawashima, M., Furumichi, M., & Tanabe, M. (2016) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1070 · Cited by 7,387
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 581
A Role for Folate in Microbiome-Linked Control of Autoimmunity
Mölzer, C., Wilson, H. M., Kuffová, L., & Forrester, J. V. (2021) · Journal of Immunology Research · doi:10.1155/2021/9998200 · Cited by 33
Novella-Navarro, M., Plasencia‐Rodríguez, C., Nuño, L., & Balsa, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.668898 · Cited by 33
“The production of short-chain fatty acids resulting from the microbial fermentation of dietary fibers, such as butyrate, acetate and propionate, is one of the proposed pathways by which intestinal microbiota affect Treg cell differentiation and systemic inflammation (64).”
BackgroundLi, Z., Nie, L., Li, Y., Yang, L., Jin, L., Du, B.-Z., Yang, J., Zhang, X., Cui, H., & Luobu, O. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.828920 · Cited by 32
“Many of their subordinate microorganisms participate in digesting the complex polysaccharide in their host’s food and produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the primary energy source of colonic mucosa, as well as essential regulators in host cell gene expression, inflammation, differentiation, and apoptosis (Hamer e…”
BackgroundWilliams, L. M., & Cao, S. (2024) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108605 · Cited by 33
Qi, X., Liu, M., Jiang, X., Gao, T., Xu, G., Zhang, H., Su, Q. Y., Du, Y., Luo, J., & Zhang, S. (2025) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2025.103912 · Cited by 35
Regulation of neuroinflammation by B cells and plasma cells
Wang, A. A., Rojas, O. L., Lee, D. S. W., & Gommerman, J. L. (2020) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.12929 · Cited by 33
Putative Pathobionts in HLA-B27-Associated Spondyloarthropathy
Gill, T., & Rosenbaum, J. T. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.586494 · Cited by 31
How Changes in the Nutritional Landscape Shape Gut Immunometabolism
Tan, J., Ni, D., Ribeiro, R. V., Pinget, G. V., & Macia, L. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13030823 · Cited by 29
He, Y., Cheng, B., Guo, B., Huang, Z., Qin, J., Wang, Q., Lin-lin, F., Nong, Y., Zhu, D., Guo, H., et al. (2022) · Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115109 · Cited by 31
Ye, H., Yang, Q., Guo, H., Wang, X., Cheng, L., Han, B., Hong, M., Ma, F., Li, M., Wu, X., et al. (2024) · RMD Open · doi:10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003847 · Cited by 32
Chen, J., Chen, B., Lin, B., Huang, Y., Li, J.-Z., Li, J., Chen, Z.-Y., Wang, P., Ran, B., Yang, J., et al. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38302 · Cited by 32
“In Firmicutes , acetate and propionate are mainly produced by Bacteroides , whereas butyrate is mainly produced by Roseburia intestinalis in Firmicutes [51,52].”
BackgroundWang, Y., Dou, W., Qian, X., Chen, H., Zhang, Y., Yang, L., Wu, Y., & Xu, X. (2025) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2025.123528 · Cited by 33
Han, Q., Liu, R., Wang, H., Zhang, R., Liu, H., Li, J., & Bao, J. (2023) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04658 · Cited by 29
Effect of Gut Microbiota-Mediated Tryptophan Metabolism on Inflammaging in Frailty and Sarcopenia
Xu, Y., Mao, T., Wang, Y., Qi, X., Zhao, W.-J., Chen, H., Zhang, C., & Li, X. (2024) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glae044 · Cited by 31
The Complex World of Kynurenic Acid: Reflections on Biological Issues and Therapeutic Strategy
Stone, T. W., Darlington, L. G., Badawy, A. A. ‐., & Williams, R. O. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25169040 · Cited by 34
“As noted above, this is a positive allosteric agonist for GPR35 and could modulate the activity of kynurenic acid at that site [317].”
BackgroundChang, L., Yao, H., Yao, Z., Ho, K. K., Ong, M. T., Dai, B., Tong, W., Xu, J., & Qin, L. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.730587 · Cited by 28
Enterochromaffin Cells: Sentinels to Gut Microbiota in Hyperalgesia?
Xu, X., Chen, R., Zhan, G., Wang, D., Tan, X., & Xu, H. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.760076 · Cited by 31
“, 2021) and increasing the serotonin metabolite 5hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, which in turn activated the arylhydrocarbon receptor and inhibited inflammation and pain in a Breg cell-dependent manner (Rosser et al., 2020), changing in the immune cell population of the peripheral nervous system (Bonomo et al.”
BackgroundZhou, B., Dong, C., Zhao, B., Lin, K., Tian, Y., Zhang, R., Zhu, L., Xu, H., & Yang, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1015130 · Cited by 28
“Although numerous studies have reported that metabolites of gut microbiota are associated with the progression of arthritis and suggest butyrate as a therapeutic strategy for arthritis, these studies have not specifically explored the relationship between gut microbiota produced-derived metabolites and drug therapy (K…”
BackgroundElectrochemical (Bio)Sensing Devices for Human-Microbiome-Related Biomarkers
Sánchez‐Tirado, E., Agüı́, L., González-Cortés, A., Campuzano, S., Yáñez‐Sedeño, P., & Pingarrón, J. M. (2023) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s23020837 · Cited by 28
“For instance, butyrate and propionate anions of SCFA in feces show modification in their levels depending on the clinical state (acute or in remission phases) of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [30].”
BackgroundMicrobial Symphony: Exploring the Role of the Gut in Osteoarthritis-Related Pain. A Narrative Review
Corriero, A., Giglio, M., Soloperto, R., Inchingolo, F., Varrassi, G., & Puntillo, F. (2024) · Pain and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40122-024-00602-9 · Cited by 28
“An example of the link between GM and B cells is that the administration of butyrate as a supplement enhanced the activation of AhR in Bregs, leading to the alleviation of arthritis [65].”
BackgroundPolysaccharides to postbiotics: Nurturing bone health via modulating “gut-immune axis”
Yadav, S., Sapra, L., & Srivastava, R. K. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134655 · Cited by 29
Butyrate: a bridge between intestinal flora and rheumatoid arthritis
Cao, Y., Chen, J., Xiao, J., Hong, Y., Xu, K., & Zhu, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1475529 · Cited by 26
“Additionally, a former study demonstrated that intestinal microbiota-derived butyrate activated AhR, a functional transcriptional marker of CD19+CD21+CD24+ Breg cells, in a Breg cell-dependent manner, which inhibited arthritis and reduced arthritis severity (92).”
Xie, Q., Li, Q., Fang, H. Y., Zhang, R., Tang, H., & Chen, L. (2024) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-024-08999-z · Cited by 31
“Additionally, SCFAs such as butyrate can modulate human immune function through activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) [44, 45].”
Lipid metabolism in regulation of B cell development and autoimmunity
Ji, X., Wu, L., Marion, T. N., & Luo, Y. (2023) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.06.008 · Cited by 25
Wang, S., Xu, B., Zhang, Y., Chen, G., Zhao, P., Gao, Q., & Yuan, L. (2023) · Cancer Biology and Medicine · doi:10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0376 · Cited by 24
“The effect of SCFAs on B cell differentiation is controversial 29,30 .”
BackgroundZogorean, R., & Wirtz, S. J. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260266 · Cited by 26
The dual roles of serotonin in antitumor immunity
Zhang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2024) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107255 · Cited by 25
Recent advances and future directions in microbiome metabolomics
Misheva, M., Ilott, N. E., & McCullagh, J. (2021) · Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1016/j.coemr.2021.07.001 · Cited by 23
Ruan, S., Zhai, L., Wu, S., Zhang, C., & Guan, Q. (2021) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.203487 · Cited by 26
“In antigen-induced arthritis models, SCFAs could promote the progression of clinical symptoms, which is mainly related to innate immunity regulated by SCFAs [15].”
BackgroundSingh, S., Singh, P. K., & Kumar, A. (2022) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.00252-22 · Cited by 23
“and arthritic mice, butyrate supplementation was shown to suppress arthritis by modulating B regulatory functions (15).”
BackgroundUnraveling the role of Breg cells in digestive tract cancer and infectious immunity
Moreira, H., Dobosz, A., Cwynar-Zając, Ł., Nowak, P., Czyżewski, M., Barg, M., Reichert, P., Królikowska, A., & Barg, E. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.981847 · Cited by 24
“dietary fiber and resistant starch (59).”
Gut microbiota as a sensor of autoimmune response and treatment for rheumatoid arthritis
Lamba, A., & Taneja, V. (2024) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.13359 · Cited by 26
“180 However, reports on the use of Faecalibacterium for treating arthritis are limited, which could be due to difficulty in culturing the bacterium as well as the fact that it is a dominant commensal in humans and might have limited utility.”
The Potential Role of Butyrate in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases
Coccia, C., Bonomi, F., Cricchio, A. L., Russo, E., Peretti, S., Bandini, G., Lepri, G., Bartoli, F., Pignone, A. M., Guiducci, S., et al. (2024) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines12081760 · Cited by 25
Abebaw, D., Akelew, Y., Adugna, A., Tegegne, B. A., Teffera, Z. H., Belayneh, M., Fenta, A., Selabat, B., Kindie, Y., Baylie, T., et al. (2025) · Clinical and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10238-025-01777-x · Cited by 23
Wu, J., Pang, T., Lin, Z., Zhao, M., & Jin, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.965941 · Cited by 25
“Dietary 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) (27)”
BackgroundPotential Therapeutic Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Chronic Pain
Tang, Y., Du, J., Wu, H., Wang, M., Liu, S., & Tao, F. (2022) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x20666220927092016 · Cited by 26
“Accumulating evidence has supported that SCFAs produce beneficial effects on different types of pain [3, 5, 11, 32-41].”
BackgroundB cells in tumor metastasis: friend or foe?
Xu, Y., Mao, Y., Lv, Y., Tang, W., & Xu, J. (2023) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.79482 · Cited by 23
Zaki, K., Ouabane, M., Guendouzi, A., Sbai, A., Sekkate, C., Bouachrıne, M., & Lakhlifi, T. (2024) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.109051 · Cited by 24
Regulatory B cells in autoimmune diseases: Insights and therapeutic potential
Su, Q. Y., Jiang, Z.-Q., Song, X.-Y., & Zhang, S. (2024) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103326 · Cited by 24
Microbial Influences of Mucosal Immunity in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Wilson, T. M., Trent, B. J., Kuhn, K. A., & Demoruelle, M. K. (2020) · Current Rheumatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11926-020-00960-1 · Cited by 22
Colas, L., Royer, A., Massias, J., Raux, A., Chesneau, M., Kerleau, C., Guérif, P., Giral, M., Guitton, Y., & Brouard, S. (2022) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103844 · Cited by 22
“65 With respect to our data, we demonstrated that tryptamine was upregulated in TOL without any increase either in the serotonin/melatonin pathway or in the indole-acetic acid pathway suggesting that tryptamine could fuel microbiota-derived alkaloid biosynthesis 66 and would help to the onset…”
Effect of vitamin E supplementation in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Kou, H., Qing, Z., Guo, H. R., Zhang, R., & Ma, J. (2022) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-022-01148-9 · Cited by 22
Deciphering the role of gut metabolites in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Ralli, T., Saifi, Z., Tyagi, N., Vidyadhari, A., Aeri, V., & Kohli, K. (2022) · Critical Reviews in Microbiology · doi:10.1080/1040841x.2022.2142091 · Cited by 22
“Furthermore, a recent study by Rosser et al. has shown that butyrate administration causes improvement in arthritis by binding to AHR receptor (Bolognini et al. 2016; Rosser et al. 2020).”
Bugbee, E., Wang, A. A., & Gommerman, J. L. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188750 · Cited by 23
Peng, Y., Huang, Y., Li, H., Li, C., Wu, Y., Wang, X., Wang, Q., He, J., & Miao, C. (2024) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106563 · Cited by 22
Xia, L., Li, C., Zhao, J., Sun, Q., & Mao, X. (2024) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156150 · Cited by 22
Ye, H., Wang, H., Han, B., Chen, K., Wang, X., Ma, F., Cheng, L., Zheng, S., Zhao, X., Zhu, J., et al. (2024) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156254 · Cited by 21
Wu, S., Gao, S., Lin, D., Bekhit, A. E. A., & Chen, Y. (2025) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116799 · Cited by 22
Li, B., Liang, X. S., Li, Y., Wang, R., Wei, Y., Liu, Q., Zhang, J., Wang, Q., Miao, Q., Xiao, X., et al. (2025) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2025.2557979 · Cited by 23
“46 The in vivo environment is far more complex as other immune cells and cytokine profiles, such as TGF-β and IL-6, also impact the Treg differentiation.”
Microbial–Immune Crosstalk in Elderly-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Unchartered Territory
Meng, G., Monaghan, T. M., Duggal, N. A., Tighe, P., & Peerani, F. (2023) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad025 · Cited by 21
Roles of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Postbiotics in B-Cell-Mediated Immune Regulation
Wang, R., Yu, Y., Yu, W., Sun, S. Y., Lei, Y. M., Li, Y. X., Lu, C., Zhai, J. N., Bai, F., Ren, F., et al. (2024) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.011 · Cited by 24
Qin, W., Wei, B., Ren, P., Chang, Y., Xue, C., & Tang, Q. (2025) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.139929 · Cited by 21
Lü, J., Wang, Y., Wu, J., Duan, Y., Zhang, H., & Du, H. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1503474 · Cited by 23
“In addition, butyrate also increases serotonin-derived 5-HIAA, directly activates regulatory B cells (Bregs), and inhibits germinal center B cell and plasmablast differentiation (65).”
More than a leaky gut: how gut priming shapes arthritis
Kuhn, K. A., Yomogida, K., Knoop, K. A., Wu, H.-J. J., & Zaiss, M. M. (2025) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/s41584-025-01282-1 · Cited by 26
“Butyrate-producing bacterial species are considerably reduced in the fecal microbiome of people with RA compared with healthy individuals 73 , and serum butyrate and propionate are significantly reduced 74 .”
Aldriwesh, M. G., Alotibi, R. S., Alqurainy, N., Alrabiah, S., Arafah, A. M., Alghoribi, M. F., & Ajina, R. (2025) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2025.2607076 · Cited by 21
Restoration of cefixime-induced gut microbiota changes by a prebiotic blend in a mouse model
Yuan, J., Qin, S., Hu, S., Liu, Z., Song, Y., & Li, L. (2022) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-022-12044-4 · Cited by 20
Chen, P., Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Li, J., Wan, X., Lv, T., Chen, Y., Zhao, Z., Ma, Z., Zhu, Z., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.1017165 · Cited by 21
“…is known to regulate the intestinal barrier function and host immunity, and Trp metabolites/AhR signaling modulation are a therapeutic perspective in human diseases (Lamas et al., 2016; Lamas et al. 2018; Trikha and Lee, 2019; Platten et al., 2019; Ghiboub et al., 2020; Rosser et al., 2020).”
BackgroundNutrient regulation of development and cell fate decisions
Tu, W. B., Christofk, H. R., & Plath, K. (2023) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.199961 · Cited by 21
B cells and the microbiota: a missing connection in food allergy
Campbell, E., Hesser, L. A., & Nagler‐Anderson, C. (2020) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41385-020-00350-x · Cited by 20
Peng, Z., Hou, T., Yang, K., Zhang, J., Mao, Y.-H., & Hou, X. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17111769 · Cited by 21
“For instance, SCFAs have been proven to significantly promote the differentiation process of T cells and provide necessary support for the functional expression of regulatory B cells, thereby effectively limiting the occurrence and development of inflammation [218–220].”
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Health and Disease
Li, H., Fan, Y., Liu, J., Dong, S., Wen, B., Zhang, Y., Wang, X., Duan, X., Hu, Y., Yan, Z., et al. (2025) · MedComm · doi:10.1002/mco2.70426 · Cited by 22
“AhR transactivation in Breg cells induces IL-10 secretion and thus suppresses Th1 and Th17 inflammatory responses in RA model mice [114].”
Gut microbiome in IBD: past, present and the future
Zhang, J., Mak, J. W. Y., & Ng, S. C. (2025) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2025-335626 · Cited by 22
“20 Certain microbial proteins, especially those in extra-cellular vesicles, offer insights into microbial community status.”
Zhou, A., Zhang, N., Dong, H., Huang, Y., & Xie, L. (2025) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods14234108 · Cited by 21
“SCFA can also regulate the balance be-tween Treg and Th17 cells to improve intestinal immunity [97].”
Conway, J., Certo, M., Lord, J. M., Mauro, C., & Duggal, N. A. (2021) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.15671 · Cited by 22
“, 2013), activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)dependent gene transcription in B cell to promote regulatory B-cell differentiation (Rosser et al., 2020) and up-regulate antiinflammatory IL-10 expression while supressing Th17 polarisation”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, Epigenetics and the Aging Process
Abudahab, S., Price, E. T., Dozmorov, M. G., Deshpande, L. S., & McClay, J. L. (2023) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-023-1908-1 · Cited by 20
“Interestingly, many indoles including indole-3acetonitrile (118), 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (119), and idole-3-acetic acid (120) have been reported to bind to AhR.”
BackgroundDiversity of regulatory B cells: Markers and functions
Bradford, H. F., & Mauri, C. (2024) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.202350496 · Cited by 21
“This boost in serotonin production post-butyrate treatment was linked to a shift in the gut commensal bacteria composition and favoured those that metabolize tryptophan [43].”
InfluentialSelf-citationLicorice-regulated gut–joint axis for alleviating collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis
Yang, D., Lv, G., Wu, Y., Guo, W., Wang, Y., Hu, J., Li, N., Zheng, F. Y., Dai, Y., Pi, Z., et al. (2024) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156203 · Cited by 19
Targeting lipid metabolism in regulatory T cells for enhancing cancer immunotherapy
Yang, L., Wang, X., Wang, S., Shen, J., Li, Y., Wan, S., Xiao, Z., & Wu, Z. (2025) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2025.189259 · Cited by 20
Resolution of inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis
Ye, X., Ren, D., Chen, Q., Shen, J., Wang, B., Wu, S., & Zhang, H. (2025) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2025.1556359 · Cited by 23
Koller, A. M., Săsăran, M. O., & Mărginean, C. O. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17111883 · Cited by 23
Wu, L., Zhang, Q., Tang, Z., Li, Y., Wu, T., Chen, L., Tan, C., Zhang, L., Ji, X., Zhang, S., et al. (2025) · Arthritis & Rheumatology · doi:10.1002/art.43430 · Cited by 21
“35,36 In contrast, microbiome-dependent indole production plays an essential role in the development of CIA in mice.”
Mini-Review: Gut-Microbiota and the Sex-Bias in Autoimmunity – Lessons Learnt From Animal Models
Rosser, E. C., de Gruijter, N. M., & Matei, D. E. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.910561 · Cited by 22
“We, and others, have shown that the gut-microbiota influences immune system function through the production of immunogenic gut-microbiota-derived metabolites and hormones such as serotonin (37).”
BackgroundSelf-citationTissue‐Targeted Drug Delivery Strategies to Promote Antigen‐Specific Immune Tolerance
Rui, Y., Eppler, H. B., Yanes, A. A., & Jewell, C. M. (2022) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.202202238 · Cited by 17
Simpkins, D., Downton, P. J., Gray, K. J., Dickson, S. H., Maidstone, R. J., Konkel, J. E., Hepworth, M. R., Ray, D. W., Bechtold, D. A., & Gibbs, J. E. (2022) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202201728r · Cited by 16
Postbiotics in rheumatoid arthritis: emerging mechanisms and intervention perspectives
Ying, Z.-H., Mao, C.-L., Xie, W., & Yu, C.-H. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1290015 · Cited by 20
Microbial Mechanisms of Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis
Seymour, B. J., Allen, B. E., & Kuhn, K. A. (2024) · Current Rheumatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11926-024-01135-y · Cited by 21
“In mouse models of CIA, butyrate supplementation significantly reduced arthritis severity [51, 52].”
Lu, Z., Hsu, C., Younis, N. K., Mustafa, M. A., Matveeva, E. A., Al-Juboory, Y. H. O., Adil, M., Athab, Z. H., & Abdulraheem, M. N. (2024) · Apmis · doi:10.1111/apm.13401 · Cited by 19
“Additionally, butyrate might curtail the development of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells that mediate germinal center B-cell formation, consequently diminishing autoantibody production [6].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSaviano, A., Schettino, A., Iaccarino, N., Mansour, A. A., Begum, J., Marigliano, N., Raucci, F., Romano, F., Riccardi, G., Mitidieri, E., et al. (2024) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103181 · Cited by 18
Gut Dysbiosis and Dietary Interventions in Rheumatoid Arthritis—A Narrative Review
Bakinowska, E., Stańska, W., Kiełbowski, K., Szwedkowicz, A., Boboryko, D., & Pawlik, A. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16183215 · Cited by 20
“Indeed, oral administration of butyrate ameliorates experimental RA in mice due to increased IL-10 production by B cells [64,65].”
BackgroundFeng, W., Liu, J., Zhang, D., Tan, Y., Cheng, H., & Peng, C. Y. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02167-5 · Cited by 18
Li, B., Ding, M., Chen, C., Zhao, J., Shi, G., Ross, R. P., Stanton, C., Chen, W., & Yang, B. K. (2023) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05371 · Cited by 17
Microbial threads in the tapestry of rheumatoid arthritis
Li, J., & Kuhn, K. A. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci195374 · Cited by 21
“These effects are largely attributed to the promotion of Treg, T follicular regulatory (Tfr), and regulatory B (Breg) cell differentiation, alongside suppression of Tfh and Th17 cells (115, 116, 118, 119).”
Gut microbiota metabolites in the immunoregulation of enteritis: research progress
Yu, S., Zhang, M., Dou, Z., Tian, B., & Lu, J. Z. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1706472 · Cited by 19
He, Y., Zhao, C., Su, N., Yang, W., Yang, H., Yuan, C., Zhang, N., Hu, X., & Fu, Y. (2024) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114585 · Cited by 20
Microbiota and immunoregulation: A focus on regulatory B lymphocytes and transplantation
Pacaud, M., Colas, L., & Brouard, S. (2021) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.16522 · Cited by 17
Leffler, J., Trend, S., Ward, N. C., Grau, G. E., Hawke, S. H., Byrne, S. N., Kermode, A. G., French, M. A., & Hart, P. H. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.812317 · Cited by 17
Von Willebrand's disease complicating second-trimester abortion.
Sorosky, J. I., Klatsky, A. L., Nobert, G. F., & Burchell, R. C. (1980) · PubMed · Cited by 17
Aberrant Tryptophan Metabolism Manipulates Osteochondral Homeostasis
Xiang, T., Yang, C., Xie, L., Xiao, S., Tang, Y., Huang, G., Sun, D., Chen, Y., & Luo, F. (2025) · Research · doi:10.34133/research.0728 · Cited by 17
“…by extensive research showing that these compounds, acting as agonists of AhR, perform an important function in managing immune disorders [ 211 ], which achieved relief by modulating the microbial community, preserving the intestinal barrier, balancing immunity, and bone impairment in…”
Luu, M., Krause, F. F., Monning, H., Wempe, A., Leister, H., Mainieri, L., Staudt, S., Ziegler-Martin, K., Mangold, K., Kappelhoff, N., et al. (2024) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.09.003 · Cited by 17
Xie, X., Chen, X., Wang, X., Wang, S., & Qi, P. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1584023 · Cited by 17
Han, B., Jiang, Y., Liu, H., Zhang, F., Xu, Y., Li, Z., Zheng, S., Ma, F., Shi, H., Jia, X., et al. (2025) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2025-336451 · Cited by 16
“24 48 Of note, recent studies suggest that plant miRNA could exist in the gut and modulate gene expression and related enzyme activity through directly targeting bacterial mRNA.”
Goya‐Jorge, E., Gonza, I., Bondue, P., Douny, C., Taminiau, B., Daube, G., Scippo, M., & Delcenserie, V. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11131946 · Cited by 17
The microbiota and aging microenvironment in pancreatic cancer: Cell origin and fate
Chen, Z., Wang, Z., Du, Y., Shi, H., & Zhou, W. (2022) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188826 · Cited by 17
Song, W., Sheng, Q., Bai, Y., Li, L., Ning, X., Liu, Y., Song, C., Wang, T., Dong, X., Luo, Y., et al. (2023) · npj Science of Food · doi:10.1038/s41538-023-00190-6 · Cited by 17
5-HT induces regulatory B cells in fighting against inflammation-driven ulcerative colitis
Wan, M., Ma, Z., Han, J., Rao, M., Hu, F., Gao, P., & Wang, X. (2023) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111042 · Cited by 16
Costs of molecular adaptation to the chemical exposome: a focus on xenobiotic metabolism pathways
Tomkiewicz, C., Coumoul, X., Nioche, P., Barouki, R., & Blanc, É. (2024) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2022.0510 · Cited by 16
Huang, L., Wang, P., Liu, S., Deng, G., Qi, X., Sun, G., Gao, X., Zhang, L., Zhang, Y., Xiao, Y., et al. (2025) · iMeta · doi:10.1002/imt2.70007 · Cited by 16
“Previous studies have characterized gut microbiota derivatives as functioning both as partial Ahr agonists and competitive Ahr inhibitors, regulating Ahr activation to affect the functionality of immune cells [46 – 48].”
Luo, J., Yang, Q., Jiang, W., Liu, Y., Hu, Q., & Peng, X. (2025) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.140473 · Cited by 15
Rees, N. P., Conway, J., Dugan, B., Amir, S. S., Parker, A., Carding, S. R., & Duggal, N. A. (2025) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.70257 · Cited by 16
“Butyrate possesses immuno-modulatory functions, such as promoting the expansion of T regs (Furusawa et al. 2013) and B regs (Rosser et al. 2020), stimulating anti-inflammatory processes associated with protection from auto-immune mechanisms.”
Ongoing Clinical Trials in Aging-Related Tissue Fibrosis and New Findings Related to AhR Pathways
Yu, H., Feng, Z., Lin, W., Yang, K., Liu, R., Li, J., Liu, X., Pei, M., & Yang, H. (2022) · Aging and Disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2021.1105 · Cited by 16
“Although the complex interaction between the host and resident gut microbiota remains elusive, tryptophan metabolism is recognized to play a crucial role in microbiota-host crosstalk through the AhR signaling pathway [32-34].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Rosser, E. C., Piper, C. J. M., Matei, D. E., Blair, P. A., Rendeiro, A. F., Orford, M., Alber, D. G., Krausgruber, T., Catalan, D., Klein, N., Manson, J. J., Drozdov, I., Bock, C., Wedderburn, L. R., Eaton, S., & Mauri, C.
- Affiliations
- Great Ormond Street Hospital (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- Austrian Academy of Sciences (AT)
- University College Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Rosser, Elizabeth C.
- Mauri, Claudia
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-04
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 837-851.e10
- ISSN
- 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7156916
- OpenAlex
- W3013317600
- Cited by
- 579
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 73 · 2025: 103 · 2024: 112 · 2023: 104 · 2022: 88 · 2021: 70 · 2020: 27
- FWCI
- 23.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Universidad de Chile (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- Versus Arthritis (21140, 21141, 21593)
- Manchester Biomedical Research Centre
- Rosetrees Trust (M536)
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
- Keywords
- rheumatoid arthritis, regulatory B cells, gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, butyrate, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, serotonin metabolism, germinal center B cells, plasmablast differentiation, IL-10, autoimmune disease therapy, dietary supplementation
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Butyrates, Cells, Cultured, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Female, Humans, Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Middle Aged, Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon, Mice, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins, B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
