The DOI matches its Crossref record; 176 of the 176 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Family issues in child anxiety: Attachment, family functioning, parental rearing and beliefs
Abstract
Family studies have found a large overlap between anxiety disorders in family members. In addition to genetic heritability, a range of family factors may also be involved in the intergenerational transmission of anxiety. Evidence for a relationship between family factors and childhood as well as parental anxiety is reviewed. Four groups of family variables are considered: (I) attachment; (II), aspects of family functioning, such as marital conflict, co-parenting, functioning of the family as a whole, and sibling relationships; (III) parental rearing strategies; and (IV) beliefs that parents hold about their child. The reviewed literature provides evidence for an association between each of these family factors and child anxiety. However, there is little evidence as yet that identified family factors are specific to child anxiety, rather than to child psychopathology in general. Moreover, evidence for a relationship between child anxiety and family factors is predominantly cross-sectional. Therefore, whether the identified family factors cause childhood anxiety still needs to be investigated. Further research that investigates mechanisms mediating the relationship between family factors and child anxiety is also called for. Finally, parental beliefs are identified as important predictors of parental behaviour that have largely not been investigated in relation to child anxiety disorders.
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“Researchers seeking to improve outcomes of CBT for anxious youth have looked to parenting behavior, such as intrusive or controlling parenting and family accommodation (adjustments made to routines or actions to ease the child’s anxiety), as potential targets for optimization given that these caregiver variables have been shown to contribute to children’s anxiety symptoms [7,8].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bögels, S. M., & Brechman-Toussaint, M. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Bögels, Susan M.
- ORCID
- Bögels, Susan M.
- Venue
- Clinical Psychology Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-11
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 834-856
- ISSN
- 0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1966079923
- Cited by
- 708
- References
- 173
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 48 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 26.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion)
- EPubDev Repository (submittedVersion)
- RUNE (Research UNE) (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Keywords
- childhood anxiety, family factors, attachment, family functioning, parental beliefs, intergenerational transmission of anxiety, parental anxiety, marital conflict, co-parenting, sibling relationships, child psychopathology
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders, Attitude, Child, Psychology, Child, Child Rearing, Child, Preschool, Cognition, Family, Family Relations, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Object Attachment, Perception, Risk Factors, Parenting
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