Turn-taking cues in task-oriented dialogue
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In English conversations, backchannels were often preceded by rising pitch and higher intensity.
“Gravano and Hirschberg (2011) investigated English conversations and found that backchannels were often preceded by rising pitch and higher intensity.”
From Modeling Feedback in Interaction With Conversational Agents—A Review (2022) · cites this paper as Gravano and Hirschberg, 2011
The likelihood of a backchannel happening increases quadratically with the number of cues that a speaker displays at any moment.
“This work analyses speakers' intonation, intensity, pitch, IPU duration, voice quality, as well as part-of-speech bigrams and shows that the likelihood of a backchannel happening increases quadratically with the number of cues that a speaker displays at any moment.”
From Modeling Feedback in Interaction With Conversational Agents—A Review (2022) · cites this paper as Gravano and Hirschberg, 2011
Speakers differ in the way they use backchannel-inviting cues.
“Gravano and Hirschberg (2011) also show that speakers differ in the way they use cues.”
From Modeling Feedback in Interaction With Conversational Agents—A Review (2022) · cites this paper as Gravano and Hirschberg, 2011
In conversational speech, speakers use cues to ends of turns quite inconsistently.
“However, in conversational speech, speakers use such cues quite inconsistently”
From Timing in Conversation (2023) · cites this paper as Gravano & Hirschberg, 2011
Cites
A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation
Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A., & Jefferson, G. (1974) · Language · doi:10.2307/412243 · Cited by 11,350 · see citing works
SWITCHBOARD: telephone speech corpus for research and development
Godfrey, J. J., Holliman, E. C., & McDaniel, J. (1992) · [Proceedings] ICASSP-92: 1992 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing · doi:10.1109/icassp.1992.225858 · Cited by 2,134 · cited 3× · see citing works
“As part of a larger project on modeling discourse structure in American English, Jurafsky et al. (1998) examine utterances identified as backchannels in 1155 conversations in the Switchboard Corpus (Godfrey et al., 1992), finding that the lexical realization of the dialogue act is the strongest cue to its identity; e.…”
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Coronato, A., Naeem, M., De Pietro, G., & Paragliola, G. (2020) · Artificial Intelligence in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.artmed.2020.101964 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Turn-taking in conversational systems and human-robot interaction: a review
Skantze, G. (2021) · Computer Speech & Language · doi:10.1016/j.csl.2020.101178 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Coupled oscillator dynamics of vocal turn-taking in monkeys
Takahashi, D. Y., Narayanan, D. Z., & Ghazanfar, A. A. (2013) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.005 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
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Listeners use intonational phrase boundaries to project turn ends in spoken interaction
Bögels, S., & Torreira, F. (2015) · Journal of Phonetics · doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2015.04.004 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Data-driven models for timing feedback responses in a Map Task dialogue system
Meena, R., Skantze, G., & Gustafson, J. (2014) · Computer Speech & Language · doi:10.1016/j.csl.2014.02.002 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Meyer, A. S. (2023) · Journal of Cognition · doi:10.5334/joc.268 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Modeling Feedback in Interaction With Conversational Agents—A Review
Axelsson, A., Buschmeier, H., & Skantze, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Computer Science · doi:10.3389/fcomp.2022.744574 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Speakers advance-project turn completion by slowing down: A multifactorial corpus analysis
Rühlemann, C., & Gries, S. T. (2020) · Journal of Phonetics · doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2020.100976 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
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Mining a multimodal corpus of doctor's training for virtual patient's feedbacks,
Porhet, C., Ochs, M., Saubesty, J., de Montcheuil, G., & Bertrand, R. (2017) · Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction · doi:10.1145/3136755.3136816 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
How do listeners time response articulation when answering questions? The role of speech rate.
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- Authors
- Gravano, A., & Hirschberg, J.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- ORCID
- Hirschberg, Julia
- Venue
- Computer Speech & Language
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-07
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 601-634
- ISSN
- 0885-2308 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2008741806
- Cited by
- 254
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 12.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Computer Speech & Language (publishedVersion)
- CONICET Digital (CONICET) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0307905, 0803148)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Speech and dialogue systems
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Speech Recognition and Synthesis
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies
- Keywords
- turn-taking, task-oriented dialogue, interactive voice response, backchannels, prosodic cues, overlapping speech
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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