The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evidence of episodic-like memory in cuttlefish
Open accessAbstract
The recollection of past experiences allows us to recall what happened during a particular event, and where and when it occurred [1]. Since the first study on episodic-like memory in scrub-jays [2], there has been widespread acceptance of the idea that tests in animals should integrate the 'what', 'where' and 'when' components of a unique event that occurred in the past [3,4]. This is referred to as episodic-like memory rather than episodic memory per se, in acknowledgement of the lack of evidence for, or against, the phenomenological aspects that accompany episodic recollection in humans. So far, evidence for episodic-like memory has only been found in some birds and mammals. We show here that cuttlefish, cephalopod mollusks, keep track of what they have eaten, and where and how long ago they ate, in order to match their foraging behavior with the time of replenishing of different foods. Foraging in cuttlefish fulfils the criteria of 'what', 'where' and 'when' of unique events and thus provides behavioral evidence of episodic-like memory in an invertebrate.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Some studies, however, use non-natural methodological elements to test for episodic-like memory [75], such as pecking or approaching certain shapes or coloured panels that are presented in front of the subjects [56,78–81], or requiring subjects to recall their own or others’ previous actions out of an array of behaviours [95,96].”
From Is episodic-like memory like episodic memory? (2024) · cites this paper as [56]
Citations
Cites
(1983) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 6,051
Episodic-like memory during cache recovery by scrub jays
Clayton, N. S., & Dickinson, A. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/26216 · Cited by 1,464
Self-citationMolecular Evidence for Deep Precambrian Divergences Among Metazoan Phyla
Wray, G. A., Levinton, J. S., & Shapiro, L. H. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.274.5287.568 · Cited by 511
Discrimination of what, when, and where is not based on time of day
Babb, S. J., & Crystal, J. D. (2006) · Learning & Behavior · doi:10.3758/bf03193188 · Cited by 143
What–Where–When memory in magpies (Pica pica)
Zinkivskay, A., Nazir, F., & Smulders, T. V. (2009) · Animal Cognition · doi:10.1007/s10071-008-0176-x · Cited by 139
Episodic-like memory in animals
Crystal, J. D. (2010) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2010.03.005 · Cited by 108
Rapid taste aversion learning in adult cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis
Darmaillacq, A., Dickel, L., Chichery, M., Agin, V., & Chichery, R. (2004) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.01.015 · Cited by 78
Short-distance navigation in cephalopods: a review and synthesis
Jozet‐Alves, C., Boal, J. G., & Dickel, L. (2007) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-007-0192-9 · Cited by 56
Self-citationAitken, J. P., O'Dor, R. K., & Jackson, G. D. (2005) · Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2004.12.040 · Cited by 52
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–154 of 154
Tactical deception in cephalopods: a new framework for understanding cognition
Drerup, C., Garcia‐Pelegrin, E., Wilkins, C., Herbert‐Read, J. E., & Clayton, N. S. (2025) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2025.04.016 · Cited by 1
Self-citationEpisodic-like memory in a simulation of cuttlefish behavior
Kandimalla, S., Wong, Q. Y., Zheng, K., & Krichmar, J. L. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-31950-x · Cited by 1
Protocol for genotyping cephalopod sex using a skin swab and quantitative PCR
Rubino, F. A., Gibbons, C. J., Mungioli, T. J., Small, S. T., Coffing, G. C., Kern, A. D., & Montague, T. G. (2026) · STAR Protocols · doi:10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104693 · Cited by 1
Cuttlefish use the negation of dead prey to judge food value in foraging decision
Pei, S., Lai, J.-Y., & Chiao, C. (2026) · Biology Letters · doi:10.1098/rsbl.2026.0445 · Cited by 1
La asolación del jaguar en el capital
García, J. J. M. (2021) · Derecho Animal Forum of Animal Law Studies · doi:10.5565/rev/da.553 · Cited by 1
Martín-Ordás, G. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108564113.009 · Cited by 1
Simulating the situated-self drives hippocampo-cortical engagement during inner narration of events
Bergouignan, L., & Paz‐Alonso, P. M. (2022) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhac047 · Cited by 1
How Intelligent is an Octopus or a Cuttlefish? Even Smarter Than You Might Think!
Schnell, A. K., Fein-Schaffer, L., Fritz, J. B., & Clayton, N. S. (2023) · Frontiers for Young Minds · doi:10.3389/frym.2023.977530 · Cited by 1
Self-citationEvidence of long-term allocentric spatial memory in the Terrestrial Hermit Crab Coenobita compressus
Vargas-Vargas, I. L., Pérez-Hernández, E., González, D., Rosetti, M., Contreras-Galindo, J., & Roldán-Roldán, G. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0293358 · Cited by 2
Dacey, M. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198928102.003.0008 · Cited by 1
Sample Size and Generalizability
Dacey, M. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198928102.003.0007 · Cited by 1
Towards an integrated study of camouflage and cognition in cephalopods
Lane, W. M., & Clayton, N. S. (2025) · Psihologijske teme · doi:10.31820/pt.34.1.2 · Cited by 1
Self-citationNo evidence for object play in the dwarf cuttlefish, Sepia bandensis
Lemke, K., & Crook, R. J. (2025) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2025.106765 · Cited by 1
Bowers, J., Wilson, J., Nimi, T., & Sittaramane, V. K. (2021) · Journal of Comparative Physiology A · doi:10.1007/s00359-021-01499-x · Cited by 1
How displacement might have evolvedPreprint
Zhang, E. Q., Shi, E. R., & Benítez‐Burraco, A. (2024) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/9j8gm · Cited by 1
Gafton, F. (2015) · Diacronia · doi:10.17684/i2a17en
An Evolutionary Perspective on Mental Time Travel
Suddendorf, T. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190256685.013.12
Pouca, C. V., Tosetto, L., & Brown, C. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108564113.010
Kaufman, A. B., Call, J., & Kaufman, J. C. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108564113.008
Keck, K. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_633-1
Gafton, F. (2015) · Diacronia · doi:10.17684/i2a17ro
Comparative brain structure and the neural network features of cuttlefish and squidPreprint
Chung, W., López-Galán, A., Kurniawan, N. D., & Marshall, N. J. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.05.08.491098
(2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108768450.019
Keck, K. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_633
Billard, P., Clayton, N. S., & Jozet‐Alves, C. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_1770
Self-citationChung, W., López-Galán, A., Kurniawan, N. D., & Marshall, N. J. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4138709
Aprendizado e atenção em diferentes contextos ecológicos em opiliões e aranhas (Arachnida)
Pagoti, G. F. (2023) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.41.2023.tde-08082023-174949
Focusing on Dynamics: When an Exception Becomes a Rule
Peretti, A. V., Calbacho-Rosa, L. S., Olivero, P. A., Oviedo‐Diego, M. A., & Vrech, D. E. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-55382-0_6
Huber, L. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-60803-2_6
Some properties of habituation of siphon withdrawal in the slimy clam (Ruditapes decussatus)
Rubio, P., Loy, I., & Pellón, R. (2024) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2024.105100
Erster Gipfel – Cephalopoden und die Sichtbaren Bilder Des Geistes
Lehmann, K. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-69274-5_4
Dacey, M. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198928102.003.0001
Conclusion: Of a Different Mind
Dacey, M. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198928102.003.0009
Dacey, M. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198928102.003.0002
Dacey, M. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198928102.003.0004
Dacey, M. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198928102.003.0003
Dacey, M. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198928102.003.0006
Dacey, M. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198928102.003.0005
Dacey, M. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198928102.002.0006
Theories of Hippocampal Function
McKenzie, S., Gobbo, F., & Morris, R. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780190065324.003.0014
Interpreting insect behavior through the lens of executive functions
Baran, B., Obidziński, M., & Hohol, M. (2025) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1638374 · Cited by 1
An Unwelcome Implication for Omnivores?
Chipp-Miller, A. (2025) · Utilitas · doi:10.1017/s0953820825100046
Modelling of What‐Where‐When Everyday Memories in Rats
Kanakis, K., Morris, R., & Gobbo, F. (2025) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.70278
Sadoun, A., Girard, P., & Castro, V. D. (2025) · Revue de primatologie · doi:10.4000/152aa · Cited by 1
Otters, but not apes, prepare for mutually exclusive possibilitiesPreprint
Ortiz, S. T., Fjorside, K., Raigal, P. F., Canales, R., & Wahlberg, M. (2026) · bioRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.02.03.703448
The evolution of diverse intelligences: comparing corvid and cephalopod cognition
Ajuwon, V., & Clayton, N. S. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29068-8.00212-9
Self-citationVining, A. Q., López-Incera, A., Pazem, J., Briegel, H. J., & Müller, T. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.6386955
Comparative study of Mental Time Travels in cephalopods
Poncet, L. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/6822c1fdzc363z406ezaaffz96337397cb52
Emotion et prise de décision chez la seiche, Sepia
Peyrafort, M. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/b5da572czf59az473cz8d22zb77c28989efc
Singhal, P., Templer, V. L., & Hampton, R. R. (2026) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.70123
Generation of a transgenic cephalopodPreprint
Montague, T. G., Gibbons, C. J., Barlow, G. T., Bashkirova, E., Xu, Y., Castagna, E. C., Mungioli, T. J., Patrick, K. A., Nemes, A., Varma, A., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.09.23.753964
Metadata
- Authors
- Jozet-Alves, C., Bertin, M., & Clayton, N. S.
- Affiliations
- Normandie Université (FR)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- ORCID
- Clayton, Nicola S.
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- R1033-R1035
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2010074622
- Cited by
- 154
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 4.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Cephalopods and Marine Biology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- episodic-like memory, cuttlefish, cephalopods, foraging behavior, invertebrate cognition
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Feeding Behavior, Learning, Mental Recall, Sepia, Memory, Episodic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
