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Early Evolution of Modern Birds Structured by Global Forest Collapse at the End-Cretaceous Mass Extinction

Field, Daniel J., Bercovici, Antoine, Berv, Jacob S., Dunn, Regan, Fastovsky, David E., Lyson, Tyler R., Vajda, Vivi, Gauthier, Jacques A.·2018·Current Biology
DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2018.04.062
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Abstract

The fossil record and recent molecular phylogenies support an extraordinary early-Cenozoic radiation of crown birds (Neornithes) after the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction [1-3]. However, questions remain regarding the mechanisms underlying the survival of the deepest lineages within crown birds across the K-Pg boundary, particularly since this global catastrophe eliminated even the closest stem-group relatives of Neornithes [4]. Here, ancestral state reconstructions of neornithine ecology reveal a strong bias toward taxa exhibiting predominantly non-arboreal lifestyles across the K-Pg, with multiple convergent transitions toward predominantly arboreal ecologies later in the Paleocene and Eocene. By contrast, ecomorphological inferences indicate predominantly arboreal lifestyles among enantiornithines, the most diverse and widespread Mesozoic avialans [5-7]. Global paleobotanical and palynological data show that the K-Pg Chicxulub impact triggered widespread destruction of forests [8, 9]. We suggest that ecological filtering due to the temporary loss of significant plant cover across the K-Pg boundary selected against any flying dinosaurs (Avialae [10]) committed to arboreal ecologies, resulting in a predominantly non-arboreal post-extinction neornithine avifauna composed of total-clade Palaeognathae, Galloanserae, and terrestrial total-clade Neoaves that rapidly diversified into the broad range of avian ecologies familiar today. The explanation proposed here provi…

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Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Field, D. J., Bercovici, A., Berv, J. S., Dunn, R., Fastovsky, D. E., Lyson, T. R., Vajda, V., & Gauthier, J. A.
Venue
Current Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-06
Volume
28
Issue
11
Pages
1825-1831.e2
ISSN
0960-9822
DOI
10.1016/j.cub.2018.04.062
Cited by
150
References
7
Language
en
Licence
Funders
  • University of Bath
  • Smithsonian NMNH
  • Swedish Research Council VR (2015-4264)
  • NSF (DGE-1650441, DEB-1700786)

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