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ATL3 Is a Tubular ER-Phagy Receptor for GABARAP-Mediated Selective Autophagy
Open accessAbstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) consists of the nuclear envelope and both peripheral ER sheets and a peripheral tubular network [1, 2]. In response to physiological or pathological conditions, receptor-mediated selective ER-phagy, engulfing specific ER subdomains or components, is essential for ER turnover and homeostasis [3-6]. Four mammalian receptors for ER-phagy have been reported: FAM134B [7], reticulon 3 (RTN3) [8], SEC62 [9], and CCPG1 [10]. However, these ER-phagy receptors function in subcellular- and tissue- or physiological- and pathological-condition-specific manners, so the diversity of ER-phagy receptors and underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown [3, 4]. Atlastins (ATL1, ATL2, and ATL3), in mammals, are a class of membrane-bound, dynamin-like GTPases that function in ER fusion [11, 12]. ATL1 is expressed mainly in the central nervous system, while ATL2 and ATL3 are more ubiquitously distributed [13]. Recent studies showed that ATL2 mainly affects ER morphology by promoting ER fusion, whereas alterations in ER morphology are hardly detectable after ATL3 depletion [14, 15]. Here, we show that ATL3 functions as a receptor for ER-phagy, promoting tubular ER degradation upon starvation. ATL3 specifically binds to GABARAP, but not LC3, subfamily proteins via 2 GABARAP interaction motifs (GIMs). ATL3-GABARAP interaction is essential for ATL3 to function in ER-phagy. Moreover, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type I (HSAN I)-associated ATL3 mutations (Y192C and P338R) disrupt ATL3's association with GABARAP and impair ATL3's function in ER-phagy, suggesting that defective ER-phagy is involved in HSAN I. Therefore, we reveal a new ATL3 function for GABARAP-mediated ER-phagy in the degradation of tubular ER.
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A Class of Dynamin-like GTPases Involved in the Generation of the Tubular ER Network
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Metadata
- Authors
- Chen, Q., Xiao, Y., Chai, P., Zheng, P., Teng, J., & Chen, J.
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-03
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 846-855.e6
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2912641855
- Cited by
- 304
- References
- 43
- FWCI
- 26.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Chen, Q., Xiao, Y., Chai, P., Zheng, P., Teng, J., & Chen, J. (2019). ATL3 Is a Tubular ER-Phagy Receptor for GABARAP-Mediated Selective Autophagy. Current Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.01.041
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