Enteric Immunity
Open accessAbstract
In this article, key concepts important for enteric immunity are discussed. The gastrointestinal tract is the largest immune organ of the body. The mucosal barrier, the tight junctions and the "kill zone," along with the gut mucosa and maintaining an "anti-inflammatory" state are essential for "good gut health." The microbiome, the microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, which has more cells then the entire animal's body, is essential for immune development, immune response, and maximizing ruminant productivity. Direct-fed microbials aid in both microbiome stability "homeostasis" and immune function.
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These calves are most susceptible to disease between 2 and 4 weeks of age when their immune system is transitioning from maternal to calf antibodies.
“These calves are most susceptible to disease between 2 and 4 weeks of age when their immune system is transitioning from maternal to calf antibodies (5, 6).”
From Effect of source and journey on physiological variables in calves transported by road and ferry between Ireland and the Netherlands (2023) · cites this paper as [6]
The sections on colostrum and enteric immune development and on maximizing enteric immunity describe maternal antibodies protecting newborn calves and the development of calves’ acquired immunity (page numbers unavailable). They do not identify ages 2–4 weeks as the period of greatest disease susceptibility or establish that an antibody transition causes such a peak; the latter section describes some enteric diseases as beginning before 14 days of age. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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Welfare of cattle during transport
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- Authors
- Chase, C. C. L.
- Affiliations
- South Dakota State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chase, Christopher C.L.
- Venue
- Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-03
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-18
- ISSN
- 0749-0720 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7125775
- OpenAlex
- W2785488011
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 0.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Bayer Animal Health
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica
- Diamond V
- Elanco Animal Health
- Hipra
- Merck Animal Health
- Merial Animal Health
- Novartis Animal Health
- Zinpro
- Zoetis Animal Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Keywords
- intestinal immunity, mucosal barrier, tight junctions, gut microbiota, immune system development, ruminant productivity, direct-fed microbials, microbiome homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Cattle, Female, Intestinal Mucosa, Immunity, Mucosal, Gastrointestinal Tract
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