The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cytokine storm intervention in the early stages of COVID-19 pneumonia
Open accessAbstract
Clinical intervention in patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has demonstrated a strong upregulation of cytokine production in patients who are critically ill with SARS-CoV2-induced pneumonia. In a retrospective study of 41 patients with COVID-19, most patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection developed mild symptoms, whereas some patients later developed aggravated disease symptoms, and eventually passed away because of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), as a consequence of a severe cytokine storm. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected pneumonia were first published January 30th, 2020; these guidelines recommended for the first time that cytokine monitoring should be applied in severely ill patients to reduce pneumonia related mortality. The cytokine storm observed in COVID-19 illness is also an important component of mortality in other viral diseases, including SARS, MERS and influenza. In view of the severe morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia, we review the current understanding of treatment of human coronavirus infections from the perspective of a dysregulated cytokine and immune response.
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“pro-inflammatory factors are intensely released, the so-called “cytokine storm”, which enter the bloodstream, and reach other organs (Fig. 1A) [9].”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [9]
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“Cytokine storms have been reported in several viral infections [96], including SARS-CoV-2 [9, 97].”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 present elevated levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, INF-γ, CCL2, TNF-α, CXCL10, CCL7, IL-1 receptor antagonist and IL-2 receptor, supposedly associated with disease severity [9, 98–105].”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [9]
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Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
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The Natural History, Pathobiology, and Clinical Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infections
Machhi, J., Herskovitz, J., Senan, A. M., Dutta, D., Nath, B., Oleynikov, M. D., Blomberg, W. R., Meigs, D. D., Hasan, M., Patel, M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-020-09944-5 · Cited by 642
COVID-19: Pathogenesis, cytokine storm and therapeutic potential of interferons
Nile, S. H., Nile, A. S., Qiu, J., Li, L., Jia, X., & Kai, G. (2020) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.05.002 · Cited by 452
Gastrointestinal symptoms associated with COVID-19: impact on the gut microbiome
Villapol, S. (2020) · Translational research · doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2020.08.004 · Cited by 341
Covid-19 hyperinflammation and post-Covid-19 illness may be rooted in mast cell activation syndrome
Afrin, L. B., Weinstock, L. B., & Molderings, G. J. (2020) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.016 · Cited by 319
COVID-19, Mast Cells, Cytokine Storm, Psychological Stress, and Neuroinflammation
Kempuraj, D., Selvakumar, G. P., Ahmed, M. E., Raikwar, S. P., Thangavel, R., Khan, A. C., Zaheer, S. A., Iyer, S. S., Burton, C., James, D., et al. (2020) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858420941476 · Cited by 302
Metadata
- Authors
- Sun, X., Wang, T., Cai, D., Hu, Z., Chen, J., Liao, H., Zhi, L., Wei, H., Zhang, Z., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., & Wang, A.
- Affiliations
- Chinese People's Liberation Army (CN)
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (CN)
- Jiangsu Province Hospital (CN)
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Jing
- Wang, Aiping
- Venue
- Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-06
- Volume
- 53
- Pages
- 38-42
- ISSN
- 1359-6101 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7182527
- OpenAlex
- W3019663170
- Cited by
- 513
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 77 · 2022: 110 · 2021: 160 · 2020: 102
- FWCI
- 5.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Keywords
- cytokine storm, COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pneumonia, cytokine monitoring, multiple organ failure, immune dysregulation, cytokine production, mortality, SARS, MERS, influenza, antiviral therapy
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, Cytokine Release Syndrome, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Female, Humans, Male, Multiple Organ Failure, Pneumonia, Viral, Polyethylene Glycols, Recombinant Proteins, Retrospective Studies, Cytokines, Interferon-alpha, Coronavirus Infections, Pandemics
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