CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 21,415COVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesSARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchLong-Term Effects of COVID-19

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel Coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study.

Open access
Chen, Nanshan, Zhou, Min, Dong, Xuan, Qu, Jieming, Gong, Fengyun, Han, Yang, Qiu, Yang, Wang, Jingli +6 more·2020·The Lancet
DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30211-7PMC PMC7135076
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Background In December, 2019, a pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) emerged in Wuhan, China. We aimed to further clarify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV pneumonia.Methods In this retrospective, single-centre study, we included all confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital from Jan 1 to Jan 20, 2020. Cases were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR and were analysed for epidemiological, demographic, clinical, and radiological features and laboratory data. Outcomes were followed up until Jan 25, 2020.Findings Of the 99 patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia, 49 (49%) had a history of exposure to the Huanan seafood market. The average age of the patients was 55·5 years (SD 13·1), including 67 men and 32 women. 2019-nCoV was detected in all patients by real-time RT-PCR. 50 (51%) patients had chronic diseases. Patients had clinical manifestations of fever (82 [83%] patients), cough (81 [82%] patients), shortness of breath (31 [31%] patients), muscle ache (11 [11%] patients), confusion (nine [9%] patients), headache (eight [8%] patients), sore throat (five [5%] patients), rhinorrhoea (four [4%] patients), chest pain (two [2%] patients), diarrhoea (two [2%] patients), and nausea and vomiting (one [1%] patient). According to imaging examination, 74 (75%) patients showed bilateral pneumonia, 14 (14%) patients showed multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity, and one (1%) patient had pneumothorax. 17 (17%) patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome and, among them, 11 (11%) patients worsened in a short period of time and died of multiple organ failure.Interpretation The 2019-nCoV infection was of clustering onset, is more likely to affect older males with comorbidities, and can result in severe and even fatal respiratory diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome. In general, characteristics of patients who died were in line with the MuLBSTA score, an early warning model for predicting mortality in viral pneumonia. Further investigation is needed to explore the applicability of the MuLBSTA score in predicting the risk of mortality in 2019-nCoV infection.Funding National Key R&D Program of China.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30211-7

Cites

27 of 27 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The severity of COVID-19 is associated with an increased level of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, GM-CSF and TNFα.

    “Consistent with the notion that severe COVID-19 is a cytokine storm syndrome (12–17, 336), the severity of COVID-19 is associated with an increased level of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and TNFα (333, 337).”

    From IL-6 in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer (2021) · cites this paper as [337]

    The Results (Table 3; page unavailable) report elevated IL-6 in 51 of 99 patients, and the Discussion describes a cytokine storm. The paper does not link IL-6 levels to disease severity or report levels of GM-CSF or TNFα, so it supports only part of the attributed claim. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • People with a history of chronic health condition are reportedly more vulnerable during COVID-19.

    “Given the fact that this group is reportedly more vulnerable during COVID-19 (Chen et al., 2020; Deng et al., 2020; Liu W. et al., 2020; Pan et al., 2020; World Health Organization, 2020), the findings are consistent with other similar studies (Rajkumar, 2020; Özdin and Bayrak Özdin, 2020).”

    From Knowledge of COVID-19 and Its Influence on Mindfulness, Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Psychological Flexibility in the Indian Community (2020) · cites this paper as Chen et al., 2020

  • Four fungal pathogens were identified from three studies; Candida albicans was isolated from the respiratory tract in five patients and urinary tract of a sixth.

    “Four fungal pathogens were identified from three studies.10 , 23 , 35 Candida albicans was isolated from the respiratory tract in five patients and urinary tract of a sixth.”

    From Co-infections in people with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2020) · cites this paper as [23]

  • A highly resistant Acinetobacter baumannii was isolated in a further study.

    “A highly resistant Acinetobacter baumannii was isolated in a further study.23”

    From Co-infections in people with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2020) · cites this paper as [23]

  • Other sources identify X-ray as an insensitive test.

    “Other sources identify X-ray as an insensitive test”

    From Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence Technology in E-Health (2021) · cites this paper as Chen et al. 2020

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [17]Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan coronavirus has strong ability to infect humans. Press release https://view.inews.qq.com/w2/20200121A0M08X00?tbkt=F&strategy=&openid=o04IBALMrLyGDxbWNOPoDM1IfG-s&uid=&refer=wx_hot Jan 21, 2020

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wei, Y., Xia, J., Yu, T., Zhang, X., & Zhang, L.
Affiliations
  • Jinyintan Hospital (CN)
  • Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
Corresponding author
  • Zhang, Xinxin
  • Zhang, Li
ORCID
Venue
The Lancet
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-02
Volume
395
Issue
10223
Pages
507-513
ISSN
  • 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
  • 0140-6736
DOI
10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30211-7
PMC
PMC7135076
OpenAlex
W3002108456
Cited by
21,415
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 157 · 2025: 439 · 2024: 1098 · 2023: 1866 · 2022: 3251 · 2021: 5867 · 2020: 8678 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
FWCI
645.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • The Lancet (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC1309700)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pneumonia, epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ failure, bilateral pneumonia, comorbidities, Wuhan outbreak, mortality, chest imaging findings, viral shedding duration, contact tracing
MeSH terms
COVID-19, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, China, Cough, Disease Outbreaks, Dyspnea, Female, Fever, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Viral, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Radiography, Thoracic, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Comorbidity, Coronavirus Infections, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review