Cited by 383Membrane-based Ion Separation TechniquesMembrane Separation TechnologiesNanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies

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Energy consumption in membrane capacitive deionization for different water recoveries and flow rates, and comparison with reverse osmosis

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Zhao, R., Porada, S., Biesheuvel, P.M., van der Wal, A.·2013·Desalination

DOI 10.1016/j.desal.2013.08.017

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Desalination of a thermal power plant wastewater by membrane capacitive deionization
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“[52] examined the influence of the flow rate on CDI energy consumption with various initial salt concentrations in a CDI cell with porous carbon electrodes.”
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“The obtained SEC V for MCDI in this study corresponds well with results of Qin et al. [34] and Zhao et al. [35].”
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“5 mg L− 1 TDS, according to [43] Processa Capacity (m3 d− 1) Feed TDS (mg L− 1) Product water TDS (mg L− 1) Energy consumption (kWh m−3) Source Reference”
Background
A review on recent contributions in the progress of membrane capacitive deionization for desalination and wastewater treatment
Gaikwad, M. S., Suman, S. K., Shukla, K., Sonawane, A. V., & Jain, S. N. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13762-023-04778-z · Cited by 17
“…the progress of MCDI reported recently by various authors such as EC and CC operation in MCDI (Zhao et al. 2012), EC in MCDI and comparison with RO (Zhao et al. 2013a; Porada et al. 2020), EC analysis of CDI and MCDI process (Zhao et al. 2013b; Yin et al. 2018), energy recovery in MCDI (Długołecki…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
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“Ö tot V is the total volume of the element including the solid phase. Adapted from Figure 6 in Biesheuvel et al.37 We here derive the macroscopic transport equations of the 1D ST model, Eqs. (13) and (14). We begin by the volume integration of the local transport equations, Eqs. (1) and (2), over the non-dimensional p…”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Effect of Brine Water on Discharge of Cations in Membrane Capacitive Deionization and Its Implications on Nitrogen Recovery from Wastewater
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“Both ED and MCDI are inefficient in the ability to efficiently treat high concentrations of salt feed [40 – 42].”
Application of capacitive deionization technology in water treatment and coupling technology: a review
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“IEM [23], feed water quality [10], and operating conditions [19,24,25] including operating mode, applied voltage/current, flow rate, water recovery, and adsorption duration directly control cell performance, such as the number of ions removed, the water quality of the desalinated stream, and the energy efficiency of M…”
Background
Membrane and Electrochemical Processes for Water Desalination: A Short Perspective and the Role of Nanotechnology
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“where SECCDI is the specific energy consumption of constant-current CDI and can be calculated as [80]:”
Background
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Membrane capacitive deionization by spent coffee grounds electrodes for lithium recovery
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Influence of poly(ionic) liquid incorporation within resin wafer electrodeionization for reduced energy consumption in brackish water desalination
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Performance optimization of a pilot-scale membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) system operating with circulation process
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Efficient high-rate brackish water desalination via solid-electrolyte-assisted flow-electrode capacitive deionization
Zhang, Y., Chen, W., & Peng, C. (2025) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131523 · Cited by 9
Staged voltage mode in membrane capacitive deionization: Comparison with constant voltage and constant current modes
Choi, J.-M., Kim, J., & Hong, S. (2020) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2020.114327 · Cited by 9
An analytical flow-by capacitive deionization model
Haverkort, J. W., Sanderse, B., Padding, J. T., & Blake, J. W. (2024) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2024.117408 · Cited by 9
Membrane Capacitive Deionization for Cooling Water Intake Reduction in Thermal Power Plants: Lab to Pilot Scale Evaluation
Schepper, W. D., Vanschepdael, C., Huynh, H. V., & Helsen, J. (2020) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en13061305 · Cited by 11
“MCDI is currently not yet widely applied on a large scale but is considered a viable alternative for partial demineralization of low salinity streams [15,20,21].”
Background
Sustainable water treatment solutions using MOFs: enhancing efficiency and reducing environmental impact
Nassar, A. A., El‐Sawaf, A. K., Ali, A. O., & Mubarak, M. F. (2026) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/d5nr04933d · Cited by 9
Assessing the suitability of desalination techniques for hydraulic barriers
Rosentreter, H., Walther, M., & Lerch, A. (2024) · npj Clean Water · doi:10.1038/s41545-024-00331-8 · Cited by 8
“If static electrodes are used, alternating desorption processes by short-circuiting or reversing the electrical current produce a concentrate solution 49 .”
Influence of dissolved organic matter and iron on the anodic capacitance and potential at the point of zero charge of activated carbon electrodes used in capacitive deionization
Mora, A. S., Soleymani, A. P., Janković, J., Wilkinson, D. P., & Mohseni, M. (2022) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2022.115707 · Cited by 8
Transient response of nonideal ion-selective microchannel-nanochannel devices
Leibowitz, N., Schiffbauer, J. E., Park, S., & Yossifon, G. (2018) · Physical review. E · doi:10.1103/physreve.97.043104 · Cited by 8
Energy Recovery From Polluted Water Using Capacitive Deionization Desalination System: A Review
Miah, M. S., Amjady, N., Shah, R., & Islam, S. M. (2024) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2024.3440358 · Cited by 7
“The CDI technique has been used mostly for groundwater remediation [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], brackish water desalination [5], [10], [11], [34], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], and industrial wastewater reclamation with TDS less than 4000 ppm [39], [50], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92].”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Energy-efficient ammonium removal via low-voltage hybrid capacitive deionization using copper hexacyanoferrate electrode
Yoon, H., Lee, J., Jeon, S., Min, T., Kim, A., & Kang, Y.-M. (2025) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.109087 · Cited by 7
New operation method of a membrane capacitive deionization system with a dual-solution mode for improving the desorption rate
Choi, J. (2023) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2022.116364 · Cited by 7
Underpinning the Role of Nanofiltration and Other Desalination Technologies for Water Remediation and Brine Valorization: Mechanism and Challenges for Waste‐to‐Wealth Approach
Kaur, H., Chauhan, G., Siwal, S. S., Hart, P., & Thakur, V. K. (2024) · Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research · doi:10.1002/aesr.202400070 · Cited by 8
Optimizing Operational Conditions of Pilot-Scale Membrane Capacitive Deionization System
Lee, B., Oh, C., An, J., Yeon, S., & Oh, H. J. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su152416809 · Cited by 7
Comparing energy demands and longevities of membrane-based capacitive deionization architectures
Pothanamkandathil, V., & Gorski, C. A. (2022) · Environmental Science Water Research & Technology · doi:10.1039/d2ew00188h · Cited by 7
Unraveling the structure-selectivity nexus: electrode materials for selective phosphorus removal and recovery via capacitive deionization: A systematic review
Wen, S., Ma, Y., Yang, F., Lin, J., Chen, J., Li, S., Pan, H., Teng, X., & Zhang, S. (2025) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2025.171624 · Cited by 6
Compressible sponge electrodes by oxidative molecular layer deposition (oMLD) of polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) onto open-cell polyurethane sponges
Mehregan, M., Stalla, D., Luebbert, G., Baratta, L., Brathwaite, K. G., Wyatt, Q. K., Paranamana, N. C., & Young, M. J. (2023) · Nanotechnology · doi:10.1088/1361-6528/acef2b · Cited by 6
“Examples of porous electrodes formed from one material include porous carbon electrodes [ 1 – 3 ] or metal foams [ 4, 5 ] that are used in supercapacitors [ 6, 7 ] and capacitive deionization [ 8 – 10 ] .”
Review of the current state of technology for capacitive deionization of aqueous salt solutions
Zakharov, A., Tukesheva, A. V., Haque, S. F. B., Ferraris, J. P., Zakhidov, A. A., Tazhibayeva, T., Bazarbayeva, T. A., & Pavlenko, V. V. (2023) · Bulletin of the Karaganda University Physics Series · doi:10.31489/2023ph3/16-33 · Cited by 6
Electrocapacitive removal of Na and Cd ions from contaminated aqueous solution using Fe3O4-poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrene sulfonate) modified chitosan nanosheets
Saliu, O. D., Leping, O., Yusuf, T. L., Adeniyi, A. G., & Ramontja, J. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-77931-4 · Cited by 6
Efficient Desalination of Brackish Ground Water via a Novel Capacitive Deionization Cell Using Nanoporous Activated Carbon Cloth Electrodes
Laxman, K., Myint, M. T. Z., Al-Abri, M. Z., Gharibi, L. A., Namani, B. A., Bourdoucen, H., & Dutta, J. (2015) · The Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] · doi:10.24200/tjer.vol12iss2pp22-31 · Cited by 6
Electro-confinement membrane desalination by nanoporous carbon membrane
Ma, J., Qin, G., Wei, W., Xiao, T., Jiang, L., & Liu, S. (2019) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2019.114232 · Cited by 6
The performance of MCDI: the effect of sulfosuccinic acid ratio in the PVA-based cation exchange membrane
Ngo, H. L., Nguyen, N. T., Ho, T. T. N., Pham, H. V., Le, T. N., Tran, T. N., Huynh, L. T. N., Pham, T. N., Huynh, L. T. N., Nguyen, T. H., et al. (2022) · Ionics · doi:10.1007/s11581-022-04661-w · Cited by 6
“1 nm, are recently proved to be the most effective for salt adsorption in CDI [8].”
Background
Evaluation of total dissolved solids removal characteristics by recycling concentrated water in membrane capacitive deionization process
Oh, C., An, J., Yeon, S., & Oh, H. J. (2022) · Desalination and Water Treatment · doi:10.5004/dwt.2022.28521 · Cited by 6
Seawater desalination by multistage flow-electrode capacitive deionization with graded electric field and electrode salinity
Feng, Y., Zhao, D., Wang, H., He, K., Liu, B., & Tang, K. (2025) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2025.119274 · Cited by 5
Polymeric membranes in electrodialysis, electrodialysis reversal, and capacitive deionization technologies
Khoiruddin, K., Wardani, A. K., Aryanti, P. T. P., & Wenten, I. G. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-88514-0.00009-7 · Cited by 5

Authors: Zhao, R., Porada, S., Biesheuvel, P. M., & van der Wal, A.
Affiliations: Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology (NL)
Wrocław University of Science and Technology (PL)
ORCID: Zhao, R.
Porada, S.
Biesheuvel, P.M.
Venue: Desalination
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-12
Volume: 330
Pages: 35-41
ISSN: 0011-9164 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2013.08.017
OpenAlex: W1985715729
Cited by: 383
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 9.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
research.wur.nl
Locations: Desalination (publishedVersion)
Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders: European Commission
European Regional Development Fund
Topics: Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Filtration and Separation › Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Membrane Separation Technologies
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies
Keywords: membrane capacitive deionization, energy consumption, specific energy consumption, reverse osmosis comparison, brackish water desalination, water recovery, flow rate, ion desorption, constant current operation

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Energy consumption in membrane capacitive deionization for different water recoveries and flow rates, and comparison with reverse osmosis

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