The DOI matches its Crossref record; 203 of the 210 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as Alzheimer therapy: From nerve toxins to neuroprotection
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase is a member of the α/β hydrolase protein super family, with a significant role in acetylcholine-mediated neurotransmission. Research in the modulators of AChEs has moved from a potent poison (Sarin, Soman) in war times to the potent medicine (physostigmine) in peaceful times. Natural anti-AChE includes carbamates, glycoalkaloids, anatoxins derived from green algae; synthetic anti-AChE includes highly poisonous organophosphates used as nerve gases and insecticides. Recently, the role of anti-AChE was reassessed from neurotoxins to neuron-protective in the diseases characterized by impaired acetylcholine-mediated neurotransmission like Alzheimer's disease (AD). So, the AChE has been proven to be the most viable therapeutic target for the symptomatic treatment of AD. This review article gives a spectrum of strategies to design AChE inhibitors used in the Alzheimer therapy.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In addition, the enzyme plays a role in the production of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.”
From An update on the novel and approved drugs for Alzheimer disease (2022) · cites this paper as Singh et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“the positive effect of galantamine in restoring certain normal behavioral traits could result from its acetylcholinesterase inhibitor activity.”
From Galantamine Slows Down Plaque Formation and Behavioral Decline in the 5XFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease (2014) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“acetylcholinesterase has been shown to promote the aggregation of β-amyloid peptide fragments by forming a complex with the growing fibrils [54].”
From Galantamine Slows Down Plaque Formation and Behavioral Decline in the 5XFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease (2014) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“According to the cholinergic hypothesis, a decreased production of acetylcholine or an amplified acetylcholinesterase activity results in impairment of the cholinergic transmission, in turn leading to the loss of intellectual abilities [54].”
From Galantamine Slows Down Plaque Formation and Behavioral Decline in the 5XFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease (2014) · cites this paper as [54]
Citations
Cites
The Amyloid Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s Disease: Progress and Problems on the Road to Therapeutics
Hardy, J., & Selkoe, D. J. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1072994 · Cited by 13,864
Glenner, G. G., & Wong, C. W. (1984) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(84)80190-4 · Cited by 5,404
Memory systems of the brain: A brief history and current perspective
Squire, L. R. (2004) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2004.06.005 · Cited by 2,269
Diabetes mellitus and the risk of dementia: The Rotterdam Study
Ott, A., Stolk, R. P., van Harskamp, F., Pols, H. A. P., Hofman, A., & Breteler, M. M. B. (1999) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.53.9.1937 · Cited by 2,175
A Century of Alzheimer's Disease
Goedert, M., & Spillantini, M. G. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1132814 · Cited by 2,153
Memantine in Moderate-to-Severe Alzheimer's Disease
Reisberg, B., Doody, R., Stöffler, A., Schmitt, F., Ferris, S., & Möbius, H. J. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa013128 · Cited by 2,043
General Nature of the Genetic Code for Proteins
Crick, F. H. C., Barnett, L., Brenner, S., & Watts-Tobin, R. J. (1961) · Nature · doi:10.1038/1921227a0 · Cited by 1,392
Oral Tetrahydroaminoacridine in Long-Term Treatment of Senile Dementia, Alzheimer Type
Summers, W. K., Majovski, L. V., Marsh, G. M., Tachiki, K. H., & Kling, A. S. (1986) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198611133152001 · Cited by 1,161
Inestrosa, N. C., Alvarez, A. R., Pérez, C. A., Moreno, R. D., Vicente, M., Linker, C., Casanueva, O. I., Soto, C. A., & Garrido, J. (1996) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80108-7 · Cited by 1,117
Microglia: Intrinsic immuneffector cell of the brain
Gehrmann, J., Matsumoto, Y., & Kreutzberg, G. W. (1995) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(94)00015-h · Cited by 1,111
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Alzheimer, 1907, Over a eigenartigo disease of the cerebral cortex, Allg. Z. Psychiat., 64, 146
- Proskurnina, 1957, Oral solution containing galanthamine and a sweetening agent, J. Gen. Chem., 22, 1899
- Bores, 1996, Galanthamine derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, Drugs Future, 21, 621
- Zhan, 2011, Synthesis of physostigmine analogues and evaluation of their anticholinesterase activities, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 1532, 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.01.097 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Oxindole: A chemical prism carrying plethora of therapeutic benefits
Kaur, M., Singh, M., Chadha, N., & Silakari, O. (2016) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.08.011 · Cited by 353
Sharma, P., Srivastava, P., Seth, A., Tripathi, P. N., Banerjee, A. G., & Shrivastava, S. K. (2019) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.12.006 · Cited by 331
Li, S., Zhang, H., Zhu, M. Z., Kuang, Z., Li, X., Xu, F., Miao, S., Zhang, Z., Lou, X., Li, H., et al. (2023) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00759 · Cited by 324
Molecular mechanisms underlying protective role of quercetin in attenuating Alzheimer's disease
Zaplatić, E., Bule, M. H., Shah, S. Z. A., Uddin, M. S., & Niaz, K. (2019) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.055 · Cited by 306
A critical review on the health benefits of fish consumption and its bioactive constituents
Chen, J., Jayachandran, M., Bai, W., & Xu, B. (2021) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130874 · Cited by 336
Metadata
- Authors
- Singh, M., Kaur, M., Kukreja, H., Chugh, R., Silakari, O., & Singh, D.
- Affiliations
- Panjab University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Singh, Dhandeep
- Venue
- European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 70
- Pages
- 165-188
- ISSN
- 0223-5234 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1994264985
- Cited by
- 364
- References
- 210
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 2.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
- Keywords
- acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, Alzheimer's disease, acetylcholinesterase, cholinergic neurotransmission, organophosphorus nerve agents, carbamate insecticides, physostigmine, glycoalkaloids, anatoxin, neuroprotection, drug design strategies, alpha/beta hydrolase superfamily
- MeSH terms
- Acetylcholinesterase, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Humans, Drug Design, Molecular Structure
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
