A measure of survey mode differences
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This reflects social desirability biases where respondents provide more moderate answers in the presence of interviewers since extremity is normatively undesirable.
“This reflects social desirability biases where respondents provide more moderate answers in the presence of interviewers since extremity is normatively undesirable (e.g., Atkeson et al., 2014;Endres et al., 2023;Homola et al., 2016).”
From Measuring affective polarization: Matching concepts to measures (2026) · cites this paper as Homola et al., 2016
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- Authors
- Homola, J., Jackson, N., & Gill, J.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gill, Jeff
- Venue
- Electoral Studies
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 44
- Pages
- 255-274
- ISSN
- 0261-3794 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2472965291
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Electoral Studies (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Survey Sampling and Estimation Techniques
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
- Keywords
- survey mode effects, online surveys, face-to-face surveys, response variability, personal contact, 2012 presidential election
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