Daphnia emergence: a sensitive indicator of fire-retardant stress in temporary wetlands
Abstract
Fire-retardant formulations are increasingly used by fire managers to control wildland fires. Their extensive use requires an assessment of their impacts in those ecosystems that could be affected by them. Recent studies indicate the potential for environmental impacts when accidentally delivered to surface waters. Yet the response of temporary wetlands, such as vernal pools, typical in Mediterranean areas, is unknown. This study reports on the emergence response of a wetland population of Daphnia curvirostris Eylmann (Cladocera, Crustacea) from sediments that were treated with a commercial fire retardant (Fire-Trol 934). Three application levels were used: 1, 3 and 5 L m(-2). The low and medium levels are in the range of manufacturer's recommendations of use in the field based on the fuel characteristics. The high level simulates local elevated concentrations that may result from inhomogeneous retardant delivery. Results indicate that emergence success decreases with increasing application rate, leading to a complete failure with application levels of 5 L m(-2). This suggests that benthic-pelagic interactions in temporary wetlands-often the primary way by which recolonization of isolated wetlands occurs-can be significantly impacted by fire retardants once they fill with fall/winter rains, thereby serving as a sensitive indicator of fire-retardant contamination. Results highlight a research need for establishing of criteria for effective, but environmentally safe use of fire retardants in the environment.
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In laboratory experiments, fertilizers in fire retardants have increased algal growth.
“In laboratory experiments, fertilizers in fire retardants have increased algal growth (Angeler et al., 2004).”
From Wildfire Induces Changes in Receiving Waters: A Review With Considerations for Water Quality Management (2022) · cites this paper as Angeler et al., 2004
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- Authors
- Angeler, D. G., Martín, S., & Moreno, J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Castilla-La Mancha (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Angeler, David G.
- ORCID
- Angeler, David G.
- Venue
- Environment International
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 615-620
- ISSN
- 0160-4120 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1994310263
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environment International (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Keywords
- flame retardants, Daphnia curvirostris, temporary wetlands, vernal pools, sediment contamination, benthic-pelagic interactions, recolonization, environmental indicators, wildfire management, Mediterranean wetlands
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Daphnia, Environment Design, Environmental Monitoring, Fires, Flame Retardants, Population Dynamics, Rain, Seasons, Ecosystem
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