Cited by 128Fire effects on ecosystemsFire dynamics and safety researchFlame retardant materials and properties

Long-term forest fire retardants: a review of quality, effectiveness, application and environmental considerations

Giménez, Anna, Pastor, Elsa, Zárate, Luis, Planas, Eulàlia, Arnaldos, Josep·2004·International Journal of Wildland Fire

Abstract

Since the beginning of the 1930s research has been directed towards improving the effectiveness of water as a forest fire extinguishing agent. Throughout this time various chemical substances have been added to the water, and this is still the case today. Among these substances are the various types of long-term forest fire retardant, which maintain their ability to alter combustion when the water has been removed by evaporation. In order to provide an account of the current state of development of studies on long-term forest fire retardants, we carried out a bibliographic analysis with special attention to work done after 1976 on the different aspects that influence the final effectiveness of forest fire retardant: quality (programs and evaluation), effectiveness, application and environmental impact on streams and aquatic organisms, vegetation and humans. The scope of this work covers the wide subject of fire retardants and it introduces significant work related to all the aspects of fire retardant use.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1071/wf03001

Cites

32 of 32 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Sodium ferrocyanide, a corrosion inhibitor, is no longer an acceptable ingredient because this can subsequently degrade into free cyanide in water.

    “Sodium ferrocyanide, a corrosion inhibitor, is no longer an acceptable ingredient because this can subsequently degrade into free cyanide in water (Crouch et al., 2006; Giménez et al., 2004).”

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Authors
Giménez, A., Pastor, E., Zárate, L., Planas, E., & Arnaldos, J.
Affiliations
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (ES)
Corresponding author
Giménez, Anna
Venue
International Journal of Wildland Fire
Published
2004-04-08
Volume
13
Issue
1
Pages
1-15
ISSN
  • 1049-8001 (ISSN-L)
  • 1448-5516
OpenAlex
W2166746637
Cited by
128
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI
6.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
International Journal of Wildland Fire (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality › Fire dynamics and safety research
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Flame retardant materials and properties
Keywords
forest fire suppression, stream pollution, aquatic organisms, vegetation effects, human health effects

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