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Cited by 523

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Toxic effects of lead exposure on bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and immune responses in fish: A review

Lee, Ju-Wook, Choi, Hoon, Hwang, Un-Ki, Kang, Ju-Chan, Kang, Yue Jai, Kim, Kwang Il, Kim, Jun-Hwan·2019·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology

Abstract

Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic metal in aquatic environments. Fish are at the top of the food chain in most aquatic environments, and are the most susceptible to the toxic effects of Pb exposure. In addition, fish are one of the most abundant vertebrates, and they can directly affect humans through food intake; therefore, fish can be used to assess the extent of environmental pollution in an aquatic environment. Pb-induced toxicity in fish exposed to toxicants is primarily induced by bioaccumulation in specific tissues, and the accumulation mechanisms vary depending on water habitat (freshwater or seawater) and pathway (waterborne or dietary exposure). Pb accumulation in fish tissues causes oxidative stress due to excessive ROS production. Oxidative stress by Pb exposure induces synaptic damage and neurotransmitter malfunction in fish as neurotoxicity. Moreover, Pb exposure influences immune responses in fish as an immune-toxicant. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to examine the various toxic effects of Pb exposure, including bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and immune responses, and to identify indicators to evaluate the extent of Pb toxicity by based on the level of Pb exposure.

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Metadata

Authors
Lee, J.-W., Choi, H., Hwang, U.-K., Kang, J.-C., Kang, Y. J., Kim, K. I., & Kim, J.-H.
Venue
Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-05
Volume
68
Pages
101-108
ISSN
1382-6689 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2922389778
Cited by
523
References
53
FWCI
16.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Toxic effects of lead exposure on bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and immune responses in fish: A review. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.etap.2019.03.010
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Lee, J.-W., Choi, H., Hwang, U.-K., Kang, J.-C., Kang, Y. J., Kim, K. I., & Kim, J.-H. (2019). Toxic effects of lead exposure on bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and immune responses in fish: A review. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2019.03.010

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