The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A study of frost growth and densification on flat surfaces
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In the citing paper
“Both the data and the model indicate that the frost growth increases with a decrease in the cold plate temperature, as is to be expected.”
From Frost growth and densification in laminar flow over flat surfaces (2011) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“The present model favorably compares with the measurements for various wall temperatures, except for T = 257 K where the error is relatively large.”
From Frost growth and densification in laminar flow over flat surfaces (2011) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“It is noticed that in the early frost growth period, the predicted frost thickness generally exceeds the test data for relatively high wall temperatures, while for the low wall temperature the trend is opposite.”
From Frost growth and densification in laminar flow over flat surfaces (2011) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“This effect arises due to an augmentation in the supercooling degree that results in a higher overall mass flux and a lower frost density (Hermes [9]).”
From Frost growth and densification in laminar flow over flat surfaces (2011) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“The results suggest that with a decrease in wall temperature, the frost thickness increases, while the frost surface temperature and the frost density decrease.”
From Frost growth and densification in laminar flow over flat surfaces (2011) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“In general, the model satisfactorily describes the data for frost growth, frost surface temperature and frost density for t = 60 min and 120 min.”
From Frost growth and densification in laminar flow over flat surfaces (2011) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“It is also noticed form the data that as the relative humidity increases, the frost thickness increases with an accompanying increase in frost surface temperature and frost density.”
From Frost growth and densification in laminar flow over flat surfaces (2011) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“Compared with Wong ' s model [57], the present model exhibits closer agreement with the experimental data reported in Ref. [51], yielding an average deviation of only 10.43% for δ fr.”
From A physics-informed quasi-steady frosting model with coupled heat–mass transfer for predicting frost layer growth (2026) · cites this paper as [51]
In the citing paper
“most predictions fall within the ± 15% error band”
From A physics-informed quasi-steady frosting model with coupled heat–mass transfer for predicting frost layer growth (2026) · cites this paper as [51]
In the citing paper
“This behavior can be rationalized by δ fr increasing with T a when F p is fixed [51,62]; combining Eqs. (7) and (8) shows that higher air-flow temperature el evates both the moisture flux q tot and t and the frost-layer temperature T fs, and their coupling constrains the variation range of m”
From A physics-informed quasi-steady frosting model with coupled heat–mass transfer for predicting frost layer growth (2026) · cites this paper as [51]
In the citing paper
“In general, such models assume a quasi-static growth of the frost layer, invoke the Lewis analogy for the sake of mass transfer calculations, and rely on empirical information for the frost properties, particularly the frost density (Hermes et al., 2009).”
From Algebraic modeling and thermodynamic design of fan-supplied tube-fin evaporators running under frosting conditions (2014) · cites this paper as Hermes et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“In general, such models assume a quasi-static growth of the frost layer, invoke the Lewis analogy for the sake of mass transfer calculations, and rely on empirical information for the frost properties, particularly the frost density (Hermes et al., 2009).”
From Algebraic modeling and thermodynamic design of fan-supplied tube-fin evaporators running under frosting conditions (2014) · cites this paper as Hermes et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“In general, such models assume a quasi-static growth of the frost layer, invoke the Lewis analogy for the sake of mass transfer calculations, and rely on empirical information for the frost properties, particularly the frost density (Hermes et al., 2009).”
From Algebraic modeling and thermodynamic design of fan-supplied tube-fin evaporators running under frosting conditions (2014) · cites this paper as Hermes et al., 2009
In the citing paper
“A similar method was used for the measurement of real-time frost accumulation by Sengupta et al. [83], Hermes et al. [52], and Sommers et al. [126].”
From Review on the measurement and calculation of frost characteristics (2018) · cites this paper as [52]
In the citing paper
“Using these new experimental data obtained by Hermes et al. in 2009 [52], Kandula [54] proposed a more complete dimensionless density correlation, and took into account the wall temperature and the air velocity.”
From Review on the measurement and calculation of frost characteristics (2018) · cites this paper as [52]
In the citing paper
“Based on this correlation, they further introduced a third coefficient [52].”
From Review on the measurement and calculation of frost characteristics (2018) · cites this paper as [52]
In the citing paper
“considered in developing the correlation of average frost density. Their correlation also fitted well with their own experimental data.”
From Frosting mechanism and behaviors on surfaces with simple geometries: A state-of-the-art literature review (2022) · cites this paper as Hermes et al. [50]
In the citing paper
“Kandula [51] proposed another correlation of average frost density based on dimensionless analysis. The correlation was a function of dimensionless temperature based on frost and cold surface temperatures, and Reynolds number, and was determined from Hermes et al. ' s experimental data [50].”
From Frosting mechanism and behaviors on surfaces with simple geometries: A state-of-the-art literature review (2022) · cites this paper as Hermes et al. [50]
In the citing paper
“For water vapor density, its gradient inside the frost layer near the plate surface was significantly smaller than that near the frost surface [50,80,86,88,90,91].”
From Frosting mechanism and behaviors on surfaces with simple geometries: A state-of-the-art literature review (2022) · cites this paper as [50]
In the citing paper
“Hermes et al. [50], Benitez and Sherif [88], and You et al. [93] all presented a linear temperature distribution charac teristic.”
From Frosting mechanism and behaviors on surfaces with simple geometries: A state-of-the-art literature review (2022) · cites this paper as [50]
In the citing paper
“density was increased with an increase in air moisture content [50,54]”
From Frosting mechanism and behaviors on surfaces with simple geometries: A state-of-the-art literature review (2022) · cites this paper as [50]
In the citing paper
“In some studies, the average frost thickness was decreased with an increase in air temperature [50,54,61,80].”
From Frosting mechanism and behaviors on surfaces with simple geometries: A state-of-the-art literature review (2022) · cites this paper as [50]
Citations
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“[21].”
A new dynamic heat pump simulation model with variable speed compressors under frosting conditions
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“[6] studied frost thickness measurement and frost mass measurement, and there are other frost measurement study in the open literature[7-9].”
BackgroundThermal performance of peripheral-finned tube evaporators under frosting
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“Various defrosting methods have been developed to address frost formation [11]; however, it is important to note that these methods might require additional energy consumption for their operation [12].”
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“flat plate conducted by Hermes et al. (2018). The heat flux”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialNumerical analysis of the frosting performance of the air-side of a heat pump.
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Quick estimation of frost growth on cold fins through thermal network analysis
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“Current research on freezing via condensation (i.e., condensation frosting) focuses primarily on flat surfaces [12-14] or surfaces designed to delay freezing or promote easy ice removal, such as coatings and hydrophobic surfaces [15-19], micropillars, microgrooves [20-23], chemical etching, and…”
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Experimental study on heat transfer characteristics of frost formation on vertical cold surfaces
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Numerical assessment of frosting and defrosting of ‘no-frost’ evaporators.
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Analysis Study of Performance of CO2Microchannel Evaporator According to Frost Growth
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“(3) 은 평평한 표면에서 서리 생성과정에 중요한 요소인 공 기 온도, 습도, 속도, 표면온도에 초점을 맞추어 시 간에 따라 이론 및 실험적 연구를 수행하였다.”
Frost Formation on Fan-Supplied Tube-Fin Evaporators: A Visual and Numerical Analysis
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A Non-Restrictive Solution to Frost Growth and Densification on Flat Surfaces
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Prediction of frost layer growth on asphalt pavement surface in cold and humid environments
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Numerical simulations of frost growth using mixture model on surfaces with different wettability
Shahane, S., Shen, Y., & Wang, S. (2021) · Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A Applications · doi:10.1080/10407782.2023.2176955 · Cited by 5
“• Inlet temperature (TI): For inlet temperatures of [5, 10, 15] C, rates are [0.”
BackgroundFrost behavior in ambient air vaporizer
Lee, S.-W., Jeong, S.-Y., & Choi, S. W. (2021) · Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology · doi:10.5916/jamet.2021.45.1.17 · Cited by 4
Transient modeling of vapor compression refrigeration systems for domestic applications
Gardenghi, Á. R. (2020) · doi:10.11606/d.18.2020.tde-13102020-123514 · Cited by 4
Yu, F., Chen, H., Li, Y., Wang, Z., Li, Y., & Liu, Z. (2025) · Cryogenics · doi:10.1016/j.cryogenics.2025.104147 · Cited by 3
Qiu, G., Xue, Y., Li, S., Ren, R., & Cai, W. (2026) · Applied Thermal Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.130065 · Cited by 3
Shengwen, X. I. A. O., Hirayama, M., Machida, H., & Norinaga, K. (2025) · Chemical Engineering Science · doi:10.1016/j.ces.2024.121177 · Cited by 3
Fin and Temperature Effect of Frost in Ambient Air Vaporizer
Lee, S.-W., & Choi, S. W. (2022) · Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology · doi:10.26748/ksoe.2022.005 · Cited by 3
Jedlikowski, A., Skrzycki, M., Kanaś, P., & Anisimov, S. (2022) · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.122860 · Cited by 2
The effect of surface wettability on frost growth and densification on flat plates
ElCheikh, A. (2013) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) · Cited by 3
Experimental Setup Simulating Hoarfrost Formation on Roadways
Fjærestad, J. S., Wå̊hlin, J., & Klein‐Paste, A. (2020) · Journal of Cold Regions Engineering · doi:10.1061/(asce)cr.1943-5495.0000207 · Cited by 3
The stable isotope composition of hoarfrost
Feher, R., Voiculescu, M., Chiroiu, P., & Perşoiu, A. (2021) · Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies · doi:10.1080/10256016.2021.1917567 · Cited by 3
Rahman, M. F., & Jacobi, A. M. (2011) · UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) · Cited by 3
Jeong, J., Poncet, S., Michel, B., & Bonjour, J. (2025) · International journal of thermal sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109837 · Cited by 2
Frost microstructure during the frost layer growth
MATSUMOTO, R., Oda, Y., Uesugi, K., & Hoshino, M. (2025) · Journal of Thermal Science and Technology · doi:10.1299/jtst.25-00074 · Cited by 2
“In the theoretical model for frost formation (Na and Webb, 2004b; Hermes et al., 2009), the mass flux of water vapor supplied from the air is divided into two components: one contributing to densification within the frost layer and the other contributing to the growth of the frost layer.”
Hao, Y., Zheng, H., Ma, C., Fu, D.-Y., Sheng, W., Chen, X.-Z., Song, M., & Dang, C.-B. (2026) · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128091 · Cited by 2
Modeling of frost accretion on microchannel evaporators for household refrigerators
Boeng, J., de Araujo, T. E. H. R. P., Machado, M. W., & Stahelin, R. (2026) · Applied Thermal Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.131390 · Cited by 2
Dong, X., Liu, X., Ma, B., Ding, P., Yan, S., Wang, Y., Hou, Y., & Lai, T. (2022) · Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1007/s00231-022-03266-3 · Cited by 2
Bai, X., Chen, G.-Y., Du, Y., Xu, C., & Chen, J. (2024) · China Ocean Engineering · doi:10.1007/s13344-024-0045-7 · Cited by 2
“Lee et al. (1997) and Hermes et al. (2009) developed equations for water vapor molecular diffusion, energy conservation, and mass conservation to calculate the frost layer.”
Farzaneh, M., Zgheib, N., Balachandar, S., & Sherif, S. A. (2025) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2024.0366 · Cited by 2
Harges, E., & Cremaschi, L. (2025) · Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2024.0360 · Cited by 3
Dynamic modeling and simulation of frost and defrost conditions for refrigeration systems
Gonzales, L. M. (2015) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) · Cited by 2
Study on the Liquid Refrigerant Defrosting System and the Defrosting Rule
Wang, M., Zang, R., Feng, H., Yu, C., Wang, H., & Zhang, C. (2018) · Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications · doi:10.1115/1.4040284 · Cited by 2
Study on the performance liquid refrigerant defrosting system
Wang, M., & Zang, R. (2018) · Thermal Science and Engineering Progress · doi:10.1016/j.tsep.2018.07.002 · Cited by 2
Frost Measuring and Prediction Systems for Demand Defrost Control
de Aguiar, M. L., Gaspar, P., & da Silva, P. D. (2019) · Novel Technologies and Systems for Food Preservation · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-7894-9.ch002 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Hermes, C. J. L., Piucco, R. O., Barbosa, J. R., & Melo, C.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Hermes, Christian J.L.
- Venue
- Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 371-379
- ISSN
- 0894-1777 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2041674410
- Cited by
- 257
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 6.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Icing and De-icing Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Heat Transfer and Optimization
- Keywords
- frost growth, frost thickness, porous media, supersaturation, mass and energy balance, air humidity, air velocity, surface temperature
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