Conservation agriculture and smallholder farming in Africa : the heretics ’ view
Open accessAbstract
Conservation agriculture is claimed to be a panacea for the problems of poor agricultural productivity and soil degradation in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It is actively promoted by international research and development organisations, with such strong advocacy that critical debate is stifled. Claims for the potential of CA in Africa are based on widespread adoption in the Americas, where the effects of tillage were replaced by heavy dependence on herbicides and fertilizers. CA is said to increase yields, to reduce labour requirements, improve soil fertility and reduce erosion. Yet empirical evidence is not clear and consistent on many of these points nor is it always clear which of the principles of CA contribute to the desired effects. Although cases can be found where such claims are supported there are equally convincing scientific reports that contradict these claims. Concerns include decreased yields often observed with CA, increased labour requirements when herbicides are not used, an important gender shift of the labour burden to women and a lack of mulch due to poor productivity and due to the priority given to feeding of livestock with crop residues. Despite the publicity claiming widespread adoption of CA, the available evidence suggests virtually no uptake of CA in most SSA countries, with only small groups of adopters in South Africa, Ghana and Zambia. We conclude that there is an urgent need for critical assessment under which ecological and socio-economic conditions CA is best suited for smallholder farming in SSA. Critical constraints to adoption appear to be competing uses for crop residues, increased labour demand for weeding, and lack of access to, and use of external inputs.
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Productivity limits and potentials of the principles of conservation agriculture
Pittelkow, C. M., Liang, X., Linquist, B. A., van Groenigen, K. J., Lee, J., Lundy, M. E., van Gestel, N., Six, J., Venterea, R. T., & van Kessel, C. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13809 · Cited by 1,688 · see citing works
Shiferaw, B. A., Prasanna, B. M., Hellin, J., & Bänziger, M. (2011) · Food Security · doi:10.1007/s12571-011-0140-5 · Cited by 1,676 · see citing works
Tittonell, P., & Giller, K. E. (2013) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2012.10.007 · Cited by 1,098 · see citing works
Self-citationSustainable intensification in agricultural systems
Pretty, J., & Bharucha, Z. P. (2014) · Annals of Botany · doi:10.1093/aob/mcu205 · Cited by 1,057 · see citing works
Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics
Sánchez, P. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316809785 · Cited by 995 · see citing works
Conservation agriculture and ecosystem services: An overview
Palm, C. A., Blanco‐Canqui, H., DeClerck, F., Gatere, L., & Grace, P. (2013) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.010 · Cited by 994 · see citing works
Limited potential of no-till agriculture for climate change mitigation
Powlson, D. S., Stirling, C. M., Jat, M. L., Gerard, B. G., Palm, C. A., Sanchez, P. A., & Cassman, K. G. (2014) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2292 · Cited by 901 · see citing works
When does no-till yield more? A global meta-analysis
Pittelkow, C. M., Linquist, B. A., Lundy, M., Liang, X., van Groenigen, K. J., Lee, J., van Gestel, N. C., Six, J., Venterea, R. T., & van Kessel, C. (2015) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2015.07.020 · Cited by 898 · see citing works
The spread of Conservation Agriculture: justification, sustainability and uptake
Kassam, A., Friedrich, T., Shaxson, F., & Pretty, J. (2009) · International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability · doi:10.3763/ijas.2009.0477 · Cited by 876 · see citing works
A scoping review on incentives for adoption of sustainable agricultural practices and their outcomes
Piñeiro, V., Arias, J., Dürr, J., Elverdin, P., Ibáñez, A. M., Kinengyere, A. A., Opazo, C. M., Owoo, N. S., Page, J. R., Prager, S. D., et al. (2020) · Nature Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s41893-020-00617-y · Cited by 807 · see citing works
Global meta-analysis of the relationship between soil organic matter and crop yields
Oldfield, E. E., Bradford, M. A., & Wood, S. A. (2019) · SOIL · doi:10.5194/soil-5-15-2019 · Cited by 802 · see citing works
How to implement biodiversity-based agriculture to enhance ecosystem services: A review
Duru, M., Therond, O., Martin, G., Martin-Clouaire, R., Magne, M.-A., Justes, E., Journet, E.-P., Aubertot, J.-N., Savary, S., Bergez, J.-E., et al. (2015) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-015-0306-1 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Regenerative Agriculture: An agronomic perspective
Giller, K. E., Hijbeek, R., Andersson, J. A., & Sumberg, J. (2021) · Outlook on Agriculture · doi:10.1177/0030727021998063 · Cited by 605 · see citing works
Self-citationIntegrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: unravelling local adaptation
Vanlauwe, B., Descheemaeker, K., Giller, K. E., Huising, J., Merckx, R., Nziguheba, G., Wendt, J., & Zingore, S. (2015) · SOIL · doi:10.5194/soil-1-491-2015 · Cited by 556 · see citing works
Self-citationGiller, K. E., Tittonell, P. A., Rufino, M. C., van Wijk, M. T., Zingore, S., Mapfumo, P., Adjei-Nsiah, S., Herrero, M., Chikowo, R., Corbeels, M., et al. (2010) · Agricultural Systems · doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2010.07.002 · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Self-citationA global meta-analysis of soil organic carbon in the Anthropocene
Beillouin, D., Corbeels, M., Demenois, J., Berre, D., Boyer, A., Fallot, A., Feder, F., & Cardinael, R. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-39338-z · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Self-citationRusinamhodzi, L., Corbeels, M., van Wijk, M. T., Rufino, M. C., Nyamangara, J., & Giller, K. E. (2011) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-011-0040-2 · Cited by 492 · see citing works
Self-citationWeed dynamics and conservation agriculture principles: A review
Nichols, V., Verhulst, N., Cox, R., & Govaerts, B. (2015) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2015.07.012 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Beyond conservation agriculture
Giller, K. E., Andersson, J., Corbeels, M., Kirkegaard, J. A., Mortensen, D., Erenstein, O., & Vanlauwe, B. (2015) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00870 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Self-citationPowlson, D. S., Stirling, C. M., Thierfelder, C., White, R. P., & Jat, M. L. (2016) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2016.01.005 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Ecology and management of weeds under conservation agriculture: A review
Chauhan, B. S., Singh, R. G., & Mahajan, G. (2012) · Crop Protection · doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2012.03.010 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Luo, Z., Wang, E., & Sun, O. J. (2010) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.12.012 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Zerssa, G. W., Feyssa, D. H., Kim, D., & Eichler‐Löbermann, B. (2021) · Agriculture · doi:10.3390/agriculture11030192 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Makate, C., Makate, M., Mango, N., & Siziba, S. (2018) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.069 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Rusinamhodzi, L., Corbeels, M., Nyamangara, J., & Giller, K. E. (2012) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.014 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Self-citationAndersson, J., & D'Souza, S. (2013) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2013.08.008 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Gaba, S., Lescourret, F., Boudsocq, S., Enjalbert, J., Hinsinger, P., Journet, E., Navas, M., Wéry, J., Louarn, G., Malézieux, É., et al. (2014) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-014-0272-z · Cited by 374 · see citing works
Jat, R. K., Sapkota, T. B., Singh, R. G., Jat, M. L., Kumar, M., & Gupta, R. (2014) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.015 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Soussana, J.-F., Lutfalla, S., Ehrhardt, F., Rosenstock, T., Lamanna, C., Havlík, P., Richards, M., Wollenberg, E. (., Chotte, J.-L., Torquebiau, E., et al. (2019) · Soil and Tillage Research · doi:10.1016/j.still.2017.12.002 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Climate risk management and rural poverty reduction
Hansen, J., Hellin, J., Rosenstock, T. S., Fisher, E., Cairns, J. E., Stirling, C. M., Lamanna, C. A., van Etten, J., Rose, A., & Campbell, B. (2018) · Agricultural Systems · doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2018.01.019 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
Improving Productivity of Crops in Water-Limited Environments
Passioura, J. B., & Angus, J. F. (2010) · Advances in agronomy · doi:10.1016/s0065-2113(10)06002-5 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Vanlauwe, B., Wendt, J., Giller, K. E., Corbeels, M., Gerard, B. G., & Nolte, C. (2013) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2013.10.002 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Self-citationAdoption and intensity of adoption of conservation farming practices in Zambia
Arslan, A., McCarthy, N., Lipper, L., Asfaw, S., & Cattaneo, A. (2014) · Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2013.08.017 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Conservation agriculture for sustainable intensification in South Asia
Jat, M. L., Chakraborty, D., Ladha, J. K., Rana, D. S., Gathala, M. K., McDonald, A. J., & Gerard, B. G. (2020) · Nature Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s41893-020-0500-2 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Valbuena, D., Erenstein, O., Tui, S. H.-K., Abdoulaye, T., Claessens, L., Duncan, A. J., Gerard, B. G., Rufino, M. C., Teufel, N., van Rooyen, A., et al. (2012) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2012.02.022 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Climate-smart agriculture global research agenda: scientific basis for action
Steenwerth, K., Hodson, A., Bloom, A., Carter, M., Cattaneo, A., Chartres, C., Hatfield, J., Henry, K., Hopmans, J., Horwath, W., et al. (2014) · Agriculture & Food Security · doi:10.1186/2048-7010-3-11 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Self-citationCrop modelling for integrated assessment of risk to food production from climate change
Ewert, F., Rötter, R., Bindi, M., Webber, H., Trnka, M., Kersebaum, K., Olesen, J., van Ittersum, M. V., Janssen, S., Rivington, M., et al. (2015) · Environmental Modelling & Software · doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.003 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Tomislav Hengl, A., Leenaars, J. G. B., Shepherd, K. D., Walsh, M., Heuvelink, G. B. M., Mamo, T., Tilahun, H., Berkhout, E., Cooper, M., Fegraus, E., et al. (2017) · Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10705-017-9870-x · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Partey, S. T., Zougmoré, R. B., Ouédraogo, M., & Campbell, B. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.199 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
The way forward in biochar research: targeting trade‐offs between the potential wins
Jeffery, S., Bezemer, T. M., Cornelissen, G., Kuyper, T. W., Lehmann, J., Mommer, L., Sohi, S. P., van de Voorde, T. F. J., Wardle, D. A., & van Groenigen, J. W. (2015) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.12132 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
The Effects of Mulch and Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Soil Environment of Crop Plants
Wang, X., Fan, J., Xing, Y., Xu, G., Wang, H., Deng, J. Q., Wang, Y., Zhang, F., Li, P., & Li, Z. (2018) · Advances in agronomy · doi:10.1016/bs.agron.2018.08.003 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Designing cropping systems from nature
Malézieux, E. (2012) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-011-0027-z · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Biochar effect on maize yield and soil characteristics in five conservation farming sites in Zambia
Cornelissen, G., Martinsen, V., Shitumbanuma, V., Alling, V., Breedveld, G., Rutherford, D., Sparrevik, M., Hale, S., Obia, A., & Mulder, J. (2013) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy3020256 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Food security, climate change, and sustainable land management. A review
Branca, G., Lipper, L., McCarthy, N., & Jolejole-Foreman, M. C. (2013) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-013-0133-1 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Conservation agriculture in the dry Mediterranean climate
Kassam, A., Friedrich, T., Derpsch, R., Lahmar, R., Mrabet, R., Basch, G., González-Sánchez, E. J., & Serraj, R. (2012) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2012.02.023 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Ngwira, A. R., Aune, J. B., & Mkwinda, S. (2012) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.12.014 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
The farm-level economics of conservation agriculture for resource-poor farmers
Pannell, D. J., Llewellyn, R. S., & Corbeels, M. (2013) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.014 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Self-citationCrop yield and weed management in rainfed conservation agriculture
Farooq, M., Flower, K. C., Jabran, K., Wahid, A., & Siddique, K. H. M. (2011) · Soil and Tillage Research · doi:10.1016/j.still.2011.10.001 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Giller, K. E., Corbeels, M., Nyamangara, J., Triomphe, B., Affholder, F., Scopel, É., & Tittonell, P. A. (2011) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.04.010 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Self-citationImpact of plastic mulching as a major source of microplastics in agroecosystems
Khalid, N., Aqeel, M. A., Noman, A., & Rizvi, Z. F. (2022) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130455 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Scopel, É., Triomphe, B., Affholder, F., da Silva, F. A. M., Corbeels, M., Xavier, J. H. V., Lahmar, R., Recous, S., Bernoux, M., Blanchart, É., et al. (2012) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-012-0106-9 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Self-citationUnderstanding the impact and adoption of conservation agriculture in Africa: A multi-scale analysis
Corbeels, M., de Graaff, J., Ndah, H. T., Penot, É., Baudron, F., Naudin, K., Andrieu, N., Chirat, G., Schuler, J., Nyagumbo, I., et al. (2013) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.011 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Self-citationAdenle, A. A., Wedig, K., & Azadi, H. (2019) · Technology in Society · doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2019.05.007 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Virto, I., Barré, P., Burlot, A., & Chenu, C. (2011) · Biogeochemistry · doi:10.1007/s10533-011-9600-4 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Agro-ecological functions of crop residues under conservation agriculture. A review
Ranaivoson, L., Naudin, K., Ripoche, A., Affholder, F., Rabeharisoa, L., & Corbeels, M. (2017) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-017-0432-z · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Self-citationPaul, B. K., Vanlauwe, B., Ayuke, F. O., Gassner, A., Hoogmoed, M., Hurisso, T. T., KOALA, S., Lelei, D. K., Ndabamenye, T., Six, J., et al. (2012) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2012.10.003 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Climate Smart Agriculture? Assessing the Adaptation Implications in Zambia
Arslan, A., McCarthy, N., Lipper, L., Asfaw, S., Cattaneo, A., & Kokwe, M. (2015) · Journal of Agricultural Economics · doi:10.1111/1477-9552.12107 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Thierfelder, C., Chivenge, P. P., Mupangwa, W., Rosenstock, T. S., Lamanna, C. A., & Eyre, J. X. (2017) · Food Security · doi:10.1007/s12571-017-0665-3 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Wolka, K., MULDER, J. P. M., & Biazin, B. (2018) · Agricultural Water Management · doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2018.05.016 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Kpadonou, R., Owiyo, T., Barbier, B., Denton, F., Rutabingwa, F., & Kiema, A. (2016) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.10.050 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Lalani, B., Dorward, P., Holloway, G. J., & Wauters, E. (2016) · Agricultural Systems · doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2016.04.002 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Assessing the impact of soil degradation on food production
Bindraban, P. S., van der Velde, M., Ye, L., van den Berg, M., Materechera, S., Kiba, D. I., Tamene, L., Ragnarsdóttir, K. V., Jongschaap, R., Hoogmoed, M., et al. (2012) · Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2012.09.015 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Gal, P. ‐. L., Dugué, P., Faure, G. O., & Novak, S. M. (2011) · Agricultural Systems · doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2011.07.007 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Brouder, S. M., & Macpherson, H. G. (2014) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2013.08.010 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Conservation agriculture and climate resilience
Michler, J. D., Baylis, K., Arends-Kuenning, M. P., & Mazvimavi, K. (2018) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2018.11.008 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Innovations in agronomy for food legumes. A review
Siddique, K. H. M., Johansen, C., Turner, N. C., Jeuffroy, M., Hashem, A., Şakar, D., Gan, Y., & Alghamdi, S. S. (2011) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-011-0021-5 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Corbeels, M., Cardinael, R., Naudin, K., Guibert, H., & Torquebiau, E. F. (2018) · Soil and Tillage Research · doi:10.1016/j.still.2018.02.015 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Self-citationScaling up agroforestry requires research ‘in’ rather than ‘for’ development
Coe, R., Sinclair, F., & Barrios, E. (2013) · Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2013.10.013 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Nyanga, P. H., Johnsen, F. H., Aune, J. B., & Kalinda, T. H. (2011) · Journal of Sustainable Development · doi:10.5539/jsd.v4n4p73 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Soil carbon stock changes in tropical croplands are mainly driven by carbon inputs: A synthesis
Fujisaki, K., Chevallier, T., Chapuis‐Lardy, L., Albrecht, A., Razafimbelo, T., Massé, D., Ndour, Y. B., & Chotte, J. (2018) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2017.12.008 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Yield response of maize (Zea mays L.) to conservation agriculture cropping system in Southern Africa
Thierfelder, C., Matemba‐Mutasa, R., & Rusinamhodzi, L. (2014) · Soil and Tillage Research · doi:10.1016/j.still.2014.10.015 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Abdalla, K., Chivenge, P. P., Ciais, P., & Chaplot, V. A. M. (2016) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-13-3619-2016 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Johansen, C., Haque, M. E., Bell, R. W., Thierfelder, C., & Esdaile, R. J. (2012) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.11.026 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Gender, nutrition- and climate-smart food production: Opportunities and trade-offs
Beuchelt, T., & Badstue, L. B. (2013) · Food Security · doi:10.1007/s12571-013-0290-8 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Conservation agriculture in Southern Africa: Advances in knowledge
Thierfelder, C., Rusinamhodzi, L., Ngwira, A. R., Mupangwa, W., Nyagumbo, I., Kassie, G. T., & Cairns, J. E. (2014) · Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems · doi:10.1017/s1742170513000550 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Murray, Ú., Gebremedhin, Z., Brychkova, G., & Spillane, C. (2016) · Gender Technology and Development · doi:10.1177/0971852416640639 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Garrett, R. D., Niles, M. T., Gil, J., Gaudin, A. C. M., Chaplin‐Kramer, R., Assmann, A. L., Assmann, T. S., Brewer, K. M., Carvalho, P. C. D. F., Cortner, O., et al. (2017) · Agricultural Systems · doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2017.05.003 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Sustainable agricultural intensification in an era of rural transformation in Africa
Jayne, T. S., Snapp, S. S., Place, F., & Sitko, N. J. (2019) · Global Food Security · doi:10.1016/j.gfs.2019.01.008 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Garbach, K., Milder, J. C., DeClerck, F. A. J., Montenegro de Wit, M., Driscoll, L., & Gemmill-Herren, B. (2017) · International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability · doi:10.1080/14735903.2016.1174810 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Kirkegaard, J. A., Conyers, M. K., Hunt, J., Kirkby, C. A., Watt, M., & Rebetzke, G. J. (2013) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2013.08.011 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Baudron, F., Tittonell, P. A., Corbeels, M., Letourmy, P., & Giller, K. E. (2011) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.09.008 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Self-citationMo, F., Wang, J., Zhou, H., Luo, C., Zhang, X., Li, X., Li, F., Xiong, L.-B., Kavagi, L., Nguluu, S., et al. (2017) · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.01.014 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Change, I. P. O. C. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009157988.007 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Agricultural mechanization in Africa: Myths, realities and an emerging research agenda
Daum, T., & Regina Birner, B. (2020) · Global Food Security · doi:10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100393 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Tittonell, P. A., Scopel, É., Andrieu, N., Posthumus, H., Mapfumo, P., Corbeels, M., van Halsema, G. E., Lahmar, R., Lugandu, S., Rakotoarisoa, J., et al. (2012) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.12.011 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Self-citationCarbon Sequestration to Avoid Soil Degradation: A Review on the Role of Conservation Tillage
Hussain, S., Hussain, S., Guo, R., Sarwar, M. K., Ren, X., Krstić, Đ., Aslam, Z., Zulifqar, U., Rauf, A., Hano, C., et al. (2021) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants10102001 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Schmidt, H., Pandit, B., Martinsen, V., Cornelissen, G., Conte, P., & Kammann, C. (2015) · Agriculture · doi:10.3390/agriculture5030723 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi
Coulibaly, J. Y., Chiputwa, B., Nakelse, T., & Kundhlande, G. (2017) · Agricultural Systems · doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2017.03.017 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Agroforestry and biochar to offset climate change: a review
Stavi, I., & Lal, R. (2012) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-012-0081-1 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Thierfelder, C., Cheesman, S., & Rusinamhodzi, L. (2012) · Field Crops Research · doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2012.08.017 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Ewert, F., Baatz, R., & Finger, R. (2023) · Annual Review of Resource Economics · doi:10.1146/annurev-resource-102422-090105 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Crop yields and global food security
Fischer, T., Byerlee, D., & Edmeades, G. O. (2014) · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Crop mapping from image time series: Deep learning with multi-scale label hierarchies
Türkoglu, M. Ö., D’Aronco, S., Perich, G., Liebisch, F., Streit, C., Schindler, K., & Wegner, J. D. (2021) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2021.112603 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Thierfelder, C., Mwila, M., & Rusinamhodzi, L. (2012) · Soil and Tillage Research · doi:10.1016/j.still.2012.09.002 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Complementary practices supporting conservation agriculture in southern Africa. A review
Thierfelder, C., Baudron, F., Setimela, P. S., Nyagumbo, I., Mupangwa, W., Mhlanga, B., Lee, N., & Gerard, B. G. (2018) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-018-0492-8 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Thierfelder, C., & Wall, P. (2012) · Soil Use and Management · doi:10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00406.x · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Noltze, M., Schwarze, S., & Qaim, M. (2012) · Agricultural Systems · doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2012.01.003 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization for Smallholders: What Is It and How Can We Implement It?
Sims, B. G., & Kienzle, J. (2017) · Agriculture · doi:10.3390/agriculture7060050 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Adenle, A. A., Azadi, H., & Arbiol, J. (2015) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.05.040 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Sithole, N. J., Magwaza, L. S., & Thibaud, G. R. (2019) · Soil and Tillage Research · doi:10.1016/j.still.2019.03.004 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
- Authors
- Giller, K. E., Witter, E., Corbeels, M., & Tittonell, P.
- Affiliations
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (KE)
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SE)
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Giller, Ken E.
- Venue
- Field Crops Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-10
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 23-34
- ISSN
- 0378-4290 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2095693034
- Cited by
- 1,499
- References
- 118
- Citations by year
- 2026: 73 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 79 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 117 · 2020: 112 · 2019: 109 · 2018: 100 · 2017: 110 · 2016: 103 · 2015: 97 · 2014: 113 · 2013: 83 · 2012: 79
- FWCI
- 102.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- research.wur.nl
- Locations
- Field Crops Research (publishedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Agritrop (Cirad) (submittedVersion)
- VTechWorks (Virginia Tech) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Management and Crop Yield
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development
- Keywords
- conservation agriculture, smallholder farming, sub-Saharan Africa, technology adoption, crop residues, gender division of labor, soil fertility, soil erosion, herbicides, external inputs, agricultural productivity
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