Cited by 228Cholesterol and Lipid MetabolismAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressSteroid Chemistry and Biochemistry

Oxysterols: A world to explore

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Otaegui-Arrazola, A., Menéndez-Carreño, M., Ansorena, D., Astiasarán, I.·2010·Food and Chemical Toxicology

Abstract

Oxysterols (oxidized derivatives of cholesterol and phytosterols) can be generated in the human organism through different oxidation processes, some requiring enzymes. Furthermore, oxysterols are also present in food due to lipid oxidation reactions caused by heating treatments, contact with oxygen, exposure to sunlight, etc., and they could be absorbed from the diet, at different rates depending on their side chain length. In the organism, oxysterols can follow different routes: secreted into the intestinal lumen, esterified and distributed by lipoproteins to different tissues or degraded, mainly in the liver. Cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) have shown cytotoxicity, apoptotic and pro-inflammatory effects and they have also been linked with chronic diseases including atherosclerotic and neurodegenerative processess. In the case of phytosterol oxidation products (POPs), more research is needed on toxic effects. Nevertheless, current knowledge suggests they may also cause cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects, although at higher concentrations than COPs. Recently, new beneficial biological activities of oxysterols are being investigated. Whereas COPs are associated with cholesterol homeostasis mediated by different mechanisms, the implication of POPs is not clear yet. Available literature on sources of oxysterols in the organism, metabolism, toxicity and potential beneficial effects of these compounds are reviewed in this paper.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.fct.2010.09.023

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  • Cholesterol oxide derivatives and long chain fatty acid derivatives including prostaglandins, leukotrienes and neuroprotectins are present in the brain.

    “Besides them, cholesterol oxide derivatives and other long chain derivatives of fatty acids including prostaglandins, leukotrienes and neuroprotectins are present [63, 64].”

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Authors
Otaegui-Arrazola, A., Menéndez-Carreño, M., Ansorena, D., & Astiasarán, I.
Affiliations
Universidad de Navarra (ES)
Corresponding author
Ansorena, D.
Venue
Food and Chemical Toxicology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-12
Volume
48
Issue
12
Pages
3289-3303
ISSN
0278-6915 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2032429163
Cited by
228
References
170
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 21
FWCI
3.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Food and Chemical Toxicology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Deposito Adademico Digital Universidad De Navarra (University of Navarra) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Steroid Chemistry and Biochemistry
Keywords
oxysterols, cholesterol oxidation products, phytosterol oxidation products, cholesterol metabolism, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, pro-inflammatory effects, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, cholesterol homeostasis, lipid oxidation
MeSH terms
Animals, Cholesterol, Diet, Food Analysis, Humans, Oxidation-Reduction, Phytosterols, Sterols, Atherosclerosis

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