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Liver toxicity related to herbs and dietary supplements: Online table of case reports. Part 2 of 5 series

Brown, Amy Christine·2017·Food and Chemical Toxicology
DOI 10.1016/j.fct.2016.07.001
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Abstract

Background No online current list of potentially life-threatening, hepatotoxic herbs and dietary supplements based on PubMed case reports exists in a summarized tabular form. Methods Documented case reports of herbs or dietary supplements (DS; includes herbs) appearing to contribute to liver injury were used to create an online "DS Toxic Table" of potentially hepatotoxic herbs and dietary supplements (PubMed, 1966 to June, 2016, and cross-referencing). The spectrum of DS induced liver injuries (DSILI) included elevated liver enzymes, hepatitis, steatosis, cholestasis, hepatic necrosis, hepatic fibrosis, hepatic cirrhosis, veno-occlusive disease, acute liver failure requiring a liver transplant, and death. Results Over the past 50 years, approximately 21 herbs (minus germander and usnic acid that are no longer sold) and 12 dietary supplements (minus the nine no longer sold and vitamin A & niacin due to excess intake) posed a possible risk for liver injures in certain individuals. The herbs with the most number of reported publications (but not cases studies) in descending order, were germander, black cohosh, kava extract, and green tea extract. Conclusion These online DS Toxic Tables will contribute to continued Phase IV post marketing surveillance to detect possible liver toxicity cases and serve to forewarn consumers, clinicians, and corporations.

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Metadata

Authors
Brown, A. C.
Venue
Food and Chemical Toxicology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-09
Volume
107
Pages
472-501
ISSN
0278-6915
DOI
10.1016/j.fct.2016.07.001
Cited by
77
References
10
Language
en
Licence

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