The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 6 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination
Open accessAbstract
Objective To investigate the effects of letrozole in patients undergoing superovulation with gonadotropins and IUI.Design Retrospective analysis.Setting Academic teaching hospital.Patient(s) Women younger than 40 years of age with patent fallopian tubes and infertility of more than 1 year in duration who were undergoing IUI and gonadotropin therapy.Intervention(s) Gonadotropins alone administered from day 3 or a combination of letrozole, 5 mg/d on day 3 to 7, and gonadotropins starting on day 5 of the menstrual cycle. Ultrasonography was performed before initiation of treatment, on day 9 of menstrual cycle, and as required thereafter until the dominant follicle reached 18 mm in diameter. Ovulation was triggered with 10,000 IU of hCG, and IUI was performed 24 and 48 hours later.Main outcome measure(s) Gonadotropin requirements, endometrial thickness, number of follicles, and pregnancy rate.Result(s) All 205 IUI treatment cycles conducted from March 2001 to March 2002 were included. Gonadotropins alone were used in 145 cycles and combination therapy was used in 60 cycles. Patients cotreated with letrozole required fewer gonadotropin administrations (median difference, 300 IU [95% confidence interval (CI), 225-375 IU]), developed more follicles larger than 14 mm (median difference, 1 follicle [95% CI, 1-2 follicles), and had a thinner endometrium (median difference, 1 mm [95% CI, 0.4-1.6 mm]). The pregnancy rate did not differ between patients using gonadotropin alone and those using gonadotropin plus letrozole (20.9% vs. 21.6%).Conclusion(s) The addition of letrozole to gonadotropins decreases gonadotropin requirements, increases the number of pre-ovulatory follicles and decreases endometrial thickness, without a negative effect on pregnancy rates.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
In this retrospective analysis of 205 IUI cycles, adding letrozole to gonadotropins reduced gonadotropin requirements and increased preovulatory follicles but decreased endometrial thickness, without changing pregnancy rate. The authors conclude that prospective randomized trials are needed to clarify letrozole’s role as a cotreatment in superovulation and IUI.
Key findings
- Letrozole plus gonadotropins required less gonadotropin to reach follicular maturity than gonadotropins alone (mean 600.6 ± 405.7 IU vs. 940.6 ± 464.2 IU; P<.0001; median difference, 300 IU [95% CI, 225–375 IU]) and fewer days (7.6 ± 2.0 vs. 9.5 ± 3.0; P<.0001; median difference, −2 days [95% CI, −2 to 1 days]).
- Letrozole cotreatment produced more follicles: follicles >14 mm at hCG administration (3.2 ± 1.2 vs. 2.2 ± 1.5; P<.001; median difference, 1 follicle [95% CI, 1–2]) and follicles >8 mm (5.7 ± 2.7 vs. 4.9 ± 4.3; P=.0008).
- Endometrial thickness at hCG administration was thinner with letrozole (8.5 ± 2.6 mm vs. 9.4 ± 1.9 mm; P<.001; median difference, 1 mm [95% CI, 0.4–1.6 mm]).
- Pregnancy rate per cycle started did not differ between groups (21.6% vs. 20.9%; NS in Table 1); no multiple pregnancies occurred in the letrozole plus gonadotropin group, whereas three twin pregnancies occurred in the gonadotropin-alone group.
Methods
- Retrospective analysis at an academic teaching hospital, March 2001–March 2002; 107 patients and 205 IUI cycles were included, with 145 cycles using gonadotropins alone and 60 using letrozole plus gonadotropins. Inclusion criteria were age younger than 40 years, infertility >1 year, patent fallopian tubes, normal uterine cavity, and at least 10 million rapidly motile sperm/mL.
- Gonadotropins alone began on day 3, or letrozole 5 mg/d was given on days 3–7 plus gonadotropins starting on day 5; the starting gonadotropin dose was 150 IU every 2 days and was modified as needed. hCG 10,000 IU was given when at least one follicle reached 18 mm, and IUI was performed 24 and 48 hours later.
- Data were tested for normality with the Shapiro-Wilks test; because data were not normally distributed, Mann-Whitney tests were used, with chi-square and Fisher exact tests for proportions and 95% CIs reported; P<.05 was considered statistically significant.
Limitations
- The authors state the study is limited by its retrospective nature and that treatment choice was based on physician preference, so some bias may have been introduced; they note the groups were similar in age, indications, and treatment history, and that two technicians performed all ultrasonographic scans and the same embryologist prepared IUI samples.
- The authors note the anovulatory subgroup comprised only patients with PCOS, and not all underwent testing or treatment for insulin resistance, which may account for differences in ovarian sensitivity to gonadotropins.
- Evident in the text: the pregnancy-rate result is internally inconsistent—the paper states no difference and Table 1 marks pregnancy rate NS, but also reports an odds ratio of 1.8 (95% CI, 1.1–3.2); the letrozole plus gonadotropin group was also much smaller (60 cycles) than the gonadotropin-alone group (145 cycles).
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
0 of 6 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Patients cotreated with letrozole required fewer gonadotropin administrations (median difference, 300 IU [95% confidence interval (CI), 225-375 IU])”
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
“Cotreatment with letrozole resulted in a decrease in the duration of time (median difference, Ϫ2 days [95% CI, Ϫ2 to 1 days]) and amount of gonadotropins (median difference, Ϫ300 IU [95% CI, Ϫ375 to 225 IU]) required to achieve follicular maturation.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“Gonadotropins to reach follicular maturity (IU) 940.6 Ϯ 464.2 600.6 Ϯ 405.7 Ͻ.0001”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“had a thinner endometrium (median difference, 1 mm [95% CI, 0.4 -1.6 mm])”
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
“The endometrium at the time of hCG administration was significantly thicker in patients who received gonadotropins alone (median difference, 1 mm [95% CI, 0.4 -1.6 mm).”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“Endometrial thickness on day of hCG administration (mm) 9.4 Ϯ 1.9 8.5 Ϯ 2.6 Ͻ.001”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“developed more follicles larger than 14 mm (median difference, 1 follicle [95% CI, 1-2 follicles)”
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
“A higher number of follicles (median difference, 2 follicles [95% CI, 1-2 follicles]) and more follicles 14 mm or larger (median difference, 1 follicle [95% CI, 1-2 follicles) at the time of hCG administration were found in participants who received letrozole plus gonadotropins compared with those who received gonadotropins alone (Table 1).”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“No. of follicles Ͼ14 mm on day of hCG administration 2.2 Ϯ 1.5 3.2 Ϯ 1.2 Ͻ.001”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The pregnancy rate did not differ between patients using gonadotropin alone and those using gonadotropin plus letrozole (20.9% vs. 21.6%).”
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
“No difference in the pregnancy rate between the two groups was noted (odds ratio, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.1-3.2]).”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“Pregnancy rate per cycle started (%) 20.9 21.6 NS”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A higher number of follicles (median difference, 2 follicles [95% CI, 1-2 follicles]) and more follicles 14 mm or larger (median difference, 1 follicle [95% CI, 1-2 follicles) at the time of hCG administration were found in participants who received letrozole plus gonadotropins compared with those who received gonadotropins alone (Table 1).”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“No. of follicles Ͼ8 mm on day of hCG administration 4.9 Ϯ 4.3 5.7 Ϯ 2.7 .0008”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > RESULTS
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The decrease in gonadotropins required to achieve follicular maturation persisted when the anovulatory patients were excluded (median difference, 300 IU [95% CI, 225-450]).”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > RESULTS
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There was no difference between the groups in gonadotropin requirements among anovulatory patients.”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > RESULTS
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Cotreatment with letrozole resulted in a decrease in the duration of time (median difference, Ϫ2 days [95% CI, Ϫ2 to 1 days]) and amount of gonadotropins (median difference, Ϫ300 IU [95% CI, Ϫ375 to 225 IU]) required to achieve follicular maturation.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“No. of days required to achieve follicular maturity 9.5 Ϯ 3.0 7.6 Ϯ 2.0 Ͻ.0001”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > RESULTS
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“No differences in patient age (median difference, 1 year [95% CI, Ϫ2 to 0 year]), duration (median difference, 0 months [95% CI, 0 -0.5 months) (Table 1), or cause of infertility (Pϭ.29) were detected between the two groups.”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > RESULTS
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 107Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesWhat the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“No differences in patient age (median difference, 1 year [95% CI, Ϫ2 to 0 year]), duration (median difference, 0 months [95% CI, 0 -0.5 months) (Table 1), or cause of infertility (Pϭ.29) were detected between the two groups.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“Duration of infertility (mos) 27.9 Ϯ 23.0 31.1 Ϯ 21.3 NS”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > RESULTS
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 107Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
- It may state two separate claims as one. 7
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This effect was seen specifically in the patients with unexplained or male factor infertility, but not in those with anovulation.”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > FERTILITY & STERILITY
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Three biochemical pregnancies occurred in the gonadotropin group and one occurred in the letrozole plus gonadotropin group.”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > RESULTS
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, both groups of patients were treated at the same time and were similar in age, indications for treatment, and treatment history.”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > FERTILITY & STERILITY
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The discrepancy between our findings and previously published data may be attributable to differences in ovulation induction regimens.”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > FERTILITY & STERILITY
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Moreover, two technicians performed all ultrasonographic scans and the same embryologist prepared the IUI samples.”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > FERTILITY & STERILITY
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The study is limited by its retrospective nature.”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > FERTILITY & STERILITY
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Similarly, despite the significantly higher number of preovulatory follicles in patients pretreated with letrozole, the pregnancy rate or multiple pregnancy rate did not increase.”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > FERTILITY & STERILITY
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because the study was not randomized and the choice of treatment was based on physician preference, some bias may have been introduced.”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > FERTILITY & STERILITY
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Its postulated mechanism of action is the increased endogenous production of FSH and, possibly a local effect of increasing androgen concentration and sensitivity of the ovaries to FSH (32).”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [32] Weil, 1998, Androgen receptor gene expression in the primate ovary, J Clin Endocrinol Metab source
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The gonadotropin requirement can be significantly reduced by combining this treatment with clomiphene citrate (9).”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [9] Kemmann, 1983, Sequential clomiphene citrate-menotropin therapy for induction or enhancement of ovulation, Fertil Steril source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Recently, it was suggested that letrozole, a specific reversible, nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor that suppresses estrogen biosynthesis (16), can successfully replace clomiphene citrate in superovulation treatment of patients with unexplained infertility or polycystic ovarian disease and in poor responders (17,18).”
§ Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [17] Mitwally, 2001, Use of an aromatase inhibitor for induction of ovulation in patients with an inadequate response to clomiphene citrate, Fertil Steril source
- Not checked yetcites [18] Mitwally, 2002, Aromatase inhibition improves ovarian response to follicle-stimulating hormone in poor responders, Fertil Steril source
Tests✗ Asserted: fails✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“These agents theoretically avoid adverse effects of clomiphene citrate, 238,239 as they do not affect oestrogen receptors centrally or thin the endometrium. 237”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [238]
In the citing paper
“The pregnancy rate for treatment with letrozole and FSH was similar to that for FSH alone.”
From A new era in ovulation induction (2006) · cites this paper as [62]
In the citing paper
“The addition of letrozole to FSH treatment leads to a decreased FSH requirement.”
From A new era in ovulation induction (2006) · cites this paper as [62]
In the citing paper
“However, there was no significant difference in the pregnancy rates between the two groups (gonadotropin 20.9%, gonadotropin and letrozole 21.6%).”
From A new era in ovulation induction (2006) · cites this paper as [62]
In the citing paper
“Patients treated with a combined regimen required less gonadotropin and developed more follicles Ͼ14 mm but had thinner endometrium.”
From A new era in ovulation induction (2006) · cites this paper as [62]
In the citing paper
“In our previous study, we reported that the addition of letrozole (5 mg daily for 5 days) to gonadotropin is associated with a thinner endometrium than gonadotropin alone (20).”
From A randomized trial of letrozole versus clomiphene citrate in women undergoing superovulation (2004) · cites this paper as [20]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Pregnancy odds ratio contradicts the reported lack of a difference
MajorThe reported 95% confidence interval for the odds ratio is 1.1-3.2, which excludes 1, yet the paper says the pregnancy rate did not differ and labels the comparison nonsignificant.
“No difference in the pregnancy rate between the two groups was noted (odds ratio, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.1-3.2]).”
“Pregnancy rate per cycle started (%) 20.9 21.6 NS”
Citations
Cites
Laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and semen-cervical mucus interaction.
Ma, B., Moghissi, K. S., ELIASSON, R., Ca, P., Aj, G., & Mr, P. (1980) · Cited by 2,209
Mitwally, M. F. M., & Casper, R. F. (2001) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01705-2 · Cited by 800
Geisler, J., Haynes, B., Anker, G., Dowsett, M., & Lønning, P. E. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.20.3.751 · Cited by 604
Efficacy of Superovulation and Intrauterine Insemination in the Treatment of Infertility
Guzick, D. S., Carson, S. A., Coutifaris, C., Overstreet, J. W., Factor-Litvak, P. R., Steinkampf, M. P., Hill, J. A., Mastroianni, L., Buster, J. E., Nakajima, S. T., et al. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199901213400302 · Cited by 521
Aromatase inhibition improves ovarian response to follicle-stimulating hormone in poor responders
Mitwally, M. F. M., & Casper, R. F. (2002) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(01)03280-0 · Cited by 407
Weil, S. J., Vendola, K., Zhou, J., Adesanya, O. O., Wang, J., Okafor, J., & Bondy, C. A. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.7.4917 · Cited by 359
Clomiphene citrate: mechanism(s) and site(s) of action—a hypothesis revisited
Wallach, E. E., & Adashi, E. Y. (1984) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48069-6 · Cited by 249
Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intrauterine insemination for treatment of infertility
Dodson, W. C., & Haney, A. F. (1991) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54168-5 · Cited by 237
Mechanistic studies on aromatase and related CC bond cleaving P-450 enzymes
Akhtar, M., Njar, V. C. O., & Neville Wright, J. (1993) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0960-0760(93)90241-n · Cited by 193
Dodson, W. C., Whitesides, D. B., Hughes, C. L., Easley, H. A., & Haney, A. F. (1987) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59414-x · Cited by 181
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Buzdar, 2001, Howell A. Advances in aromatase inhibition, Clin Cancer Res, 7, 2620
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–131 of 131
Ali, H. A. A. W., Aly, T., & Ragab, A. A. (2022) · Evidence Based Women s Health Journal · doi:10.21608/ebwhj.2021.113640.1164 · Cited by 1
“Another study by Healey et al.[30] reported that letrozole negatively affected the endometrium thickness in a significant relation.”
BackgroundAshraf, M., Balan, A., Sathya, B., & Sayed, S. (2004) · International Congress Series · doi:10.1016/j.ics.2004.07.003 · Cited by 1
Rahman, F., Mahmud, N., Chowdhury, T., Rahman, R., & Begum, B. A. (2013) · Bangladesh Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.3329/bjog.v26i1.13755 · Cited by 1
Ibrahaiem, M. A., Shazly, S. A., Helal, K. F., Mowafy, H. E. M., & Behery, M. M. E. (2014) · Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.4236/ojog.2014.410088 · Cited by 1
Letrozole versus HRT in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles
Fahmy, R. M. (2018) · Evidence Based Women s Health Journal · doi:10.21608/ebwhj.2018.15654 · Cited by 1
“9%) and short half-life (45h), resulting in complete removal of letrozole during the embryo implantation period[8].”
BackgroundJafarabadi, M. N., Vahed, S. H. M., Afiat, M., Ebrahimi, Z., Shiva, Z. S., & Haghollahi, F. (2018) · International Journal of Women s Health and Reproduction Sciences · doi:10.15296/ijwhr.2018.70 · Cited by 1
“Research showed that combination treatment with letrozole significantly reduced the dosage of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) required for the stimulation of ovulation in women with unknown causes of infertility (6,9,10).”
BackgroundThe endometrial factor in human embryo implantation
Boomsma, C. M. (2009) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · Cited by 1
Aromatase inhibitors forfemaleinfertility treatment
Atay, V., Yaralı́, H., Bozdağ, G., Özışık, G., Akin, D., & Muhçu, M. (2007) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents · doi:10.1517/13543776.17.2.137 · Cited by 1
“To ensure multiple ovulations in IUI cycles, addition of a low dose FSH to the AI is required, although overlapping regimen has been associated with advanced follicle growth and ovulation and an interval for clearance of the larger dose of letrozole by the time of hCG administration [28] is not available.”
MethodMild forms of ovarian stimulation
Aboulghar, M. A., & Rizk, B. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511762390.004
Panorama actual de los inhibidores de la aromatasa en la inducción de la ovulación
Pachón-Rincón, J. D. J., & Posada-Villa, N. (2007) · Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología · doi:10.18597/rcog.476
“Se ha planteado que los IA pueden tener un rol estimulante en el crecimiento folicular temprano mediante el aumento de los receptores de FSH a nivel ovárico y por tanto amplificarían la acción de esta hormona.(7,8)”
BackgroundPossible additional therapeutic uses of aromatase inhibitors
Furr, B. J. A. (2008) · Birkhäuser Basel eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-7643-8693-1_9
“Healey et al. [ 33 ] confirmed the findings that FSH could be spared if patients were given 5 mg of letrozole but that endometrial thickness was compromised,”
BackgroundResultAppendix B: List of Excluded Studies
Wilt, T. J., Shamliyan, T., Shaukat, A., Taylor, B. C., MacDonald, R. H., Yuan, J., Johnson, J. R., Tacklind, J., Rutks, I. R., & Kane, R. L. (2008)
Potential use of aromatase inhibitors in gynecology
Lukic, J., & Tulandi, T. (2006) · Expert Review of Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1586/17474108.1.1.41
Self-citationHormonal strategy for the primary or secondary treatment of endometriosis
Lazzeri, L., Tosti, C., Pinzauti, S., Orlandini, C., Luisi, S. V., & Petraglia, F. (2012) · Expert Review of Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1586/eog.12.46
Use of aromatase inhibitors in gynecology
Elnahhas, I. M., & Mitwally, M. F. (2010) · Expert Review of Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1586/eog.10.10
Aromatase Inhibitors for Assisted Reproduction
Mitwally, M. F., & Casper, R. F. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511547287.027
Dhanalakshmi, G., Palaniswamy, S., & Pasupathy, P. (2012)
Forouzanfard, F., Pezhmanmanesh, M., Mahdian, M., & Abas, M. S. G. (2010) · KAUMS Journal
Dhanalakshmi, G., Palaniswamy, S., Pasupathi, P., & Ganadeban, M. (2011) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)
Aromatase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Unexplained Female Infertility
Sekhon, L. H., Rekawek, P., & Grunfeld, L. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2140-9_26
Novel treatments for polycystic ovary syndrome, including in vitro maturation
Buckett, W. M., & Tan, S. L. (2001) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511545191.014
Self-citationAromataseinhibitoren bei Endometriose?
Ebert, A. D. (2004) · Gynäkologische Endokrinologie · doi:10.1007/s10304-004-0085-2
Oral Agents for Ovarian Stimulation
Mitwally, M. F., & Casper, R. F. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316477021.004
Homburg, R. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-05612-8_8
Possible additional therapeutic uses of aromatase inhibitors
Furr, B. J. A. (2006) · Birkhäuser Basel eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-7643-7418-7_9
A, A. H. A., Elsayed, S. R., & Mahmoud, S. A. (2022) · doi:10.36959/983/637
Ali, H. A. A. W., Aly, T., Ali, A. R., & Khalil, E. M. (2022) · International Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6ns4.11717
“These include ovarian hyperstimulation, multiple pregnancies, cycle cancellation, and are not costeffective (12-15).”
BackgroundSauerbrun‐Cutler, M., Klein, E. J., Scarpaci, M. M., & Eaton, J. L. (2024) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2024.104699
Ovulation induction with gonadotropins
Cooman, M. D., & Delbaere, A. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13825-6.00165-5
Yedla, D., Thyagaraju, C., & Nichanahalli, K. S. (2025) · International Journal of Infertility & Fetal Medicine · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1386
Vy, N. D. T., Pham, Y. T. B., Le, K. D., Pun, W. C., Chan, D. Y. L., Wang, R. C. C., & Chung, J. P. W. (2026) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.07.030
Metadata
- Authors
- Healey, S., Tan, S. L., Tulandi, T., & Biljan, M. M.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Healey, Sarah
- Venue
- Fertility and Sterility
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-12
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1325-1329
- ISSN
- 0015-0282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2158299014
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 10.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Fertility and Sterility (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Health and Technologies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Keywords
- letrozole, superovulation, gonadotropins, intrauterine insemination, infertility, endometrial thickness, follicle count, pregnancy rate, ovulation induction, hCG trigger
- MeSH terms
- Letrozole, Adult, Enzyme Inhibitors, Female, Chorionic Gonadotropin, Hospitals, Teaching, Humans, Insemination, Artificial, Nitriles, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Retrospective Studies, Superovulation, Triazoles, Aromatase Inhibitors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-10, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-10 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
