The role of the early-life environment in the development of allergic disease

Wegienka, Ganesa; Zoratti, Edward; Johnson, Christine Cole

doi:10.1016/j.iac.2014.09.002

Cited by 61Asthma and respiratory diseasesFood Allergy and Anaphylaxis ResearchAllergic Rhinitis and Sensitization

The role of the early-life environment in the development of allergic disease

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Wegienka, Ganesa, Zoratti, Edward, Johnson, Christine Cole·2015·Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America

DOI 10.1016/j.iac.2014.09.002PMC PMC4427897

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Abstract

A consensus has been reached that the development of allergic disorders is strongly influenced by early life exposures. An overview of several prenatal and early life factors that have been investigated for their associations with development of childhood allergy is presented. Delivery mode, the gut microbiome, vitamin D, folate, breastfeeding, pets, antibiotics, environmental tobacco smoke, and airborne traffic pollutants are discussed. Although many studies suggest an effect, overall, no risk factors clearly increase or reduce the risk of allergic outcomes.

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In a post-hoc analysis, among students with higher mold exposure at school compared to home, HEPA filters were associated with a 4.2% increase in FEV1 percent predicted compared to sham intervention.
“However, in post-hoc analysis, in the subset of students with higher exposure to mold in their school compared to their home did demonstrate improvement in lung function, 4.2% increase in FEV1 percent predicted, with HEPA filters compared to sham intervention (61).”
From Indoor Allergen Interventions in Homes and Schools for Managing Asthma (2025) · cites this paper as [61]
The Traffic Related Air Pollution section discusses pollutant exposure and allergic sensitization, not a HEPA-filter intervention. Searches for HEPA filters, sham intervention, FEV1, and higher school-versus-home mold exposure found no passage in our copy reporting the claimed post-hoc result or 4.2% increase. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Chen, C.-M., Tischer, C., Schnappinger, M., & Heinrich, J. (2010) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2009.12.003 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Understanding the evidence for and against the role of breastfeeding in allergy prevention
Matheson, M. C., Allen, K. J., & Tang, M. L. K. (2012) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03925.x · Cited by 128 · cited 1× · see citing works
“mote allergy are alteration of the infant’s gut microbiome and immune development.(61,62) Breastfeeding may also alter a child’s risk of respiratory infections through maternal antibody transfer(61) or affect intake of nutrients, such as vitamin D, during infancy.”
Early complementary feeding and risk of food sensitization in a birth cohort
Joseph, C. L. M., Ownby, D. R., Havstad, S. L., Woodcroft, K. J., Wegienka, G., Mackechnie, H., Zoratti, E. M., Peterson, E. L., & Johnson, C. C. (2011) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2011.02.018 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citation
Pet exposure and risk of atopic dermatitis at the pediatric age: A meta-analysis of birth cohort studies
Pelucchi, C., Galeone, C., Bach, J., Vecchia, C. L., & Chatenoud, L. (2013) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.04.009 · Cited by 121 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Two meta-analyses also suggested inverse relationships between early dog (but not cat) exposure and eczema.(79,81) In the European PASTURE/EFRAIM cohort,(82)”
Mode of delivery is not associated with asthma or atopy in childhood
Maitra, A., Sherriff, A., Strachan, D. P., ALSPAC Study Team, & Henderson, J. (2004) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02048.x · Cited by 119 · cited 2× · see citing works
“data have reported associations between cesarean section and increased asthma frequency,(12,14) whereas others failed to confirm this finding.(8,10) Questionnaire data may not provide sufficient specificity for defining asthma as an outcome; hence, the emergence of conflicting results.”
Is caesarean delivery associated with sensitization to food allergens and IgE‐mediated food allergy: A systematic review
Koplin, J. J., Allen, K. J., Gurrin, L. C., Osborne, N. J., Tang, M. L. K., & Dharmage, S. C. (2008) · Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1399-3038.2008.00731.x · Cited by 118 · see citing works
The impact of birth mode of delivery on childhood asthma and allergic diseases–a sibling study
Almqvist, C., Cnattingius, S., Lichtenstein, P., & Lundholm, C. (2012) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.04021.x · Cited by 117 · cited 2× · see citing works
“A meta-analysis concluded that cesarean section is associated with increased asthma risk,(7) although such an association was seen only among girls in the Kaiser Permanente study(5) and restricted to children born by emergency cesarean section in a registry report from Sweden.(15) In contrast, the West Midlands Genera…”
Environmental risk factors of rhinitis in early infancy
Biagini, J. M., LeMasters, G. K., Ryan, P. H., Levin, L., Reponen, T., Bernstein, D. I., Villareal, M., Khurana Hershey, G. K., Burkle, J., & Lockey, J. (2006) · Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1399-3038.2006.00386.x · Cited by 115 · cited 1× · see citing works
“8).(104) In a large Swedish cohort, prenatal maternal smoking was not associated with risk for IgE sensitization.”
Maternal smoking increases risk of allergic sensitization and wheezing only in children with allergic predisposition: longitudinal analysis from birth to 10 years
Keil, T., Lau, S., Roll, S., Grüber, C., Nickel, R., Niggemann, B., Wahn, U., Willich, S. N., & Kulig, M. (2009) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01867.x · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Folic Acid Use in Pregnancy and the Development of Atopy, Asthma, and Lung Function in Childhood
Magdelijns, F. J. H., Mommers, M., Penders, J., Smits, L. J. M., & Thijs, C. T. (2011) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-1690 · Cited by 112 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Prenatal intracellular folic acid levels were inversely associated with asthma at age 6 to 7 years in the KOALA birth cohort.(47) Child folate levels were not associated with wheeze in the COAST cohort.”
Influential
Breast milk fatty acids and allergic disease in preschool children: The Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy birth cohort study
Wijga, A. H., van Houwelingen, A. C., Kerkhof, M., Tabak, C., de Jongste, J. C., Gerritsen, J., Boshuizen, H. C., Brunekreef, B., & Smit, H. A. (2006) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2005.10.022 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Breastfeeding Protects against Current Asthma up to 6 Years of Age
Silvers, K. M., Frampton, C. M., Wickens, K. L., Pattemore, P., Ingham, T. R., Fishwick, D., Crane, J., Town, G. I., & Epton, M. (2012) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.11.055 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Pre‐ and post‐natal exposure to antibiotics and the development of eczema, recurrent wheezing and atopic sensitization in children up to the age of 4 years
Dom, S., Droste, J. H. J., Sariachvili, M., Hagendorens, M. M., Oostveen, E., Bridts, C. H., Stevens, W. J., Wieringa, M. H., & Weyler, J. (2010) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03538.x · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Developmental biology: Support mothers to secure future public health
Barker, D. J. P., Barker, M. E., Fleming, T. P., & Lampl, M. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/504209a · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Prospective study of breast-feeding in relation to wheeze, atopy, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)
Elliott, L., Henderson, J., Northstone, K., Chiu, G. Y., Dunson, D. B., & London, S. J. (2008) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2008.04.001 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Mode of delivery and risk of developing allergic disease
McKeever, T. M., Lewis, S., Smith, C., & Hubbard, R. (2002) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1067/mai.2002.124046 · Cited by 105 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In contrast, the West Midlands General Practice Research Database report found no association.(4) Several studies using questionnaire”
Fecal microbiota in sensitized wheezy and non‐sensitized non‐wheezy children: a nested case–control study
Murray, C. S., Tannock, G. W., Simon, M. A., Harmsen, H. J. M., Welling, G. W., Čustović, A., & Woodcock, A. A. (2005) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02259.x · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Effect of Breastfeeding on Lung Function in Childhood and Modulation by Maternal Asthma and Atopy
Guilbert, T. W., Stern, D. A., Morgan, W. J., Martínez, F. D., & Wright, A. L. (2007) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200610-1507oc · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Timing of infant feeding in relation to childhood asthma and allergic diseases
Nwaru, B. I., Takkinen, H., Niemelä, O. J., Kaila, M., Erkkola, M., Ahonen, S., Haapala, A., Kenward, M. G., Pekkanen, J., Lahesmaa, R., et al. (2013) · STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) · Cited by 103 · see citing works
In utero and childhood exposure to parental tobacco smoke, and allergies in schoolchildren
Rahérison, C., Pénard-Morand, C., Moreau, D., Caillaud, D. M., Charpin, D., Kopfersmitt, C., Lavaud, F., Taytard, A., & Annesi‐Maesano, I. (2006) · Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2006.04.010 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Prenatal folic acid and risk of asthma in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Crider, K. S., Cordero, A. M., Qi, Y., Mulinare, J., Dowling, N. F., & Berry, R. J. (2013) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.065623 · Cited by 100 · cited 1× · see citing works
“A recent meta-analysis reported a lack of association between maternal folic acid supplementation and risk of asthma in their children.(52) Neither cord blood folate nor prenatal folic acid supplements were associated with recurrent wheeze at age 1 year in Western Australia (n5 484).”
Diesel fumes and the rising prevalence of atopy: An urban legend?
Díaz-Sánchez, D., Proietti, L., & Polosa, R. (2003) · Current Allergy and Asthma Reports · doi:10.1007/s11882-003-0027-4 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Maternal late-pregnancy serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in relation to childhood wheeze and atopic outcomes
Pike, K. C., Inskip, H. M., Robinson, S. M., Lucas, J. S., Cooper, C. C., Harvey, N. C., Godfrey, K. M., Roberts, G. C., & the Southampton Women's Survey Study Group (2012) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-201888 · Cited by 99 · cited 3× · see citing works
“No association was found between prenatal 25(OH) D level and lung function in the ALSPAC cohort(39) or with childhood asthma in the Southampton Women’s Study.(42) Cord blood 25(OH)D was not associated with asthma at age 5 years in the EDEN study(41) or New Zealand Allergy and Asthma cohort (n 5 922).”
Influential
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of neonatal intestinal microbiota in relation to the development of asthma
Vael, C., Vanheirstraeten, L., Desager, K., & Goossens, H. (2011) · BMC Microbiology · doi:10.1186/1471-2180-11-68 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Asthma and atopy in children born by caesarean section: effect modification by family history of allergies – a population based cross-sectional study
Kolokotroni, O., Middleton, N., Gavatha, M., Lamnisos, D., Priftis, K. Ν., & Yiallouros, P. K. (2012) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2431-12-179 · Cited by 94 · cited 2× · see citing works
“No association between delivery mode and skin prick test results at age 7 years was found in the English ALSPAC (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) cohort.10 A meta-analysis concluded that children born by cesarean section were more likely to have food allergy/sensitization but not inhalant sensitivity.7…”
Pets and the development of allergic sensitization
Simpson, A., & Čustović, A. (2005) · Current Allergy and Asthma Reports · doi:10.1007/s11882-005-0040-x · Cited by 91 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Results have been less consistent for cats than dogs.(76) Dog exposure has been associated with less risk for allergy, especially allergic sensitization.”
Meta-analysis of air pollution exposure association with allergic sensitization in European birth cohorts
Gruzieva, O., Gehring, U., Aalberse, R. C., Agius, R. M., Beelen, R. M. J., Behrendt, H., Bellander, T., Birk, M., de Jongste, J. C., Fuertes, E., et al. (2013) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.07.048 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Atopic phenotypes identified with latent class analyses at age 2 years
Havstad, S. L., Johnson, C. C., Kim, H. J., Levin, A. M., Zoratti, E. M., Joseph, C. L. M., Ownby, D. R., & Wegienka, G. (2014) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2014.01.022 · Cited by 88 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Use of disease phenotypes and endotypes will also improve our understanding of relationships with exposures.(129,130) Challenges will persist in identifying modifiable risk factors; however, teams of scientists with diverse expertise in clinical care, epidemiology, statistics, microbiology, genetics, and molecular sci…”
Self-citation
Aberrant structures of fecal bacterial community in allergic infants profiled by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing
Nakayama, J., Kobayashi, T., Tanaka, S., Korenori, Y., Tateyama, A., Sakamoto, N., Kiyohara, C., Shirakawa, T., & Sonomoto, K. (2011) · FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1574-695x.2011.00872.x · Cited by 87 · cited 1× · see citing works
“gene deep sequencing and array technologies, which allow comprehensive detection of microbial communities on a large scale.(32,33) For instance, in a group of 40 Swedish infants,(34) low fecal microbial diversity measured with 16S ribosomal DNA 454-pyrosequencing was associated with atopic eczema.”
The relationship between maternal folate status in pregnancy, cord blood folate levels, and allergic outcomes in early childhood
Dunstan, J. A., West, C. E., McCarthy, S., Metcalfe, J. R., Meldrum, S. J., Oddy, W. H., Tulić, M. K., D’Vaz, N., & Prescott, S. L. (2011) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02714.x · Cited by 86 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Neither cord blood folate nor prenatal folic acid supplements were associated with recurrent wheeze at age 1 year in Western Australia (n5 484).(49) Maternal folic acid supplementation was associated with wheeze at age 1 year, but not at other time points up to 8 years, or with asthma symptoms at any age in the PIAMA…”
Increased risk of eczema but reduced risk of early wheezy disorder from exclusive breast-feeding in high-risk infants
Carson, C. G., Halkjær, L. B., Jensen, S. M., Bønnelykke, K., Lauritzen, L., & Bisgaard, H. F. (2010) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2010.01.026 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Maternal use of folic acid supplements during pregnancy, and childhood respiratory health and atopy
Bekkers, M. B. M., Elstgeest, L. E. M., Scholtens, S., Haveman‐Nies, A., de Jongste, J. C., Kerkhof, M., Koppelman, G. H., Gehring, U., Smit, H. A., & Wijga, A. H. (2011) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/09031936.00094511 · Cited by 85 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Maternal folic acid supplementation was associated with wheeze at age 1 year, but not at other time points up to 8 years, or with asthma symptoms at any age in the PIAMA cohort (n 5 3786).(50) Cord blood folate”
Influential
Tobacco smoke exposure, wheeze, and atopy
Murray, C. S., Woodcock, A. A., Smillie, F. I., Cain, G., Kissen, P., & Čustović, A. (2004) · Pediatric Pulmonology · doi:10.1002/ppul.20019 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
The Role of Furry Pets in Eczema
Langan, S., Flohr, C., & Williams, H. C. (2007) · Archives of Dermatology · doi:10.1001/archderm.143.12.1570 · Cited by 81 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Two meta-analyses also suggested inverse relationships between early dog (but not cat) exposure and eczema.(79,81) In the European PASTURE/EFRAIM cohort,(82)”
Lack of evidence for a protective effect of prolonged breastfeeding on childhood eczema: lessons from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Two
Flohr, C., Nagel, G., Weinmayr, G., Kleiner, A., Strachan, D. P., Williams, H. C., & the ISAAC Phase Two Study Group (2011) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10588.x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Lifetime dog and cat exposure and dog- and cat-specific sensitization at age 18 years
Wegienka, G., Johnson, C. C., Havstad, S. L., Ownby, D. R., Nicholas, C. E., & Zoratti, E. M. (2011) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03747.x · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citation
Antibiotic use in the first year of life and risk of atopic disease in early childhood
Kusel, M. M. H., de Klerk, N. H., Holt, P. G., & Sly, P. D. (2008) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.03138.x · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Consequences of antibiotics and infections in infancy: bugs, drugs, and wheezing
Ong, M.-S., Umetsu, D. T., & Mandl, K. D. (2014) · Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.anai.2014.01.022 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Atopy, eczema and breast milk fatty acids in a high‐risk cohort of children followed from birth to 5 yr
Oddy, W. H., Pal, S., Kusel, M. M. H., Vine, D. F., de Klerk, N. H., Hartmann, P. E., Holt, P. G., Sly, P. D., Burton, P. R., Stanley, F. J., et al. (2005) · Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1399-3038.2005.00340.x · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Opposing Effects of Cat and Dog Ownership and Allergic Sensitization on Eczema in an Atopic Birth Cohort
Epstein, T. G., Bernstein, D. I., Levin, L. S., Hershey, G. K. K., Ryan, P., Reponen, T. A., Villareal, M. S., Lockey, J. E., & LeMasters, G. K. (2010) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.07.026 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Air pollution, genetics, and allergy
Carlsten, C., & Melén, E. (2012) · Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1097/aci.0b013e328357cc55 · Cited by 64 · cited 1× · see citing works
“netic variation in response to oxidative stress as well as pollution exposure levels to fully understand the relationship between pollution and allergy.(128)”
Allergic Susceptibility Associated with Diesel Exhaust Particle Exposure: Clear as Mud
Polosa, R., Salvi, S., & Maria, G. U. D. (2002) · Archives of Environmental Health An International Journal · doi:10.1080/00039890209602935 · Cited by 64 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Specifically, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (a major component of DEPs) enhance IgE production.(112)”
Maternal 25‐hydroxyvitamin D and its association with childhood atopic outcomes and lung function
Wills, A. K., Shaheen, S. O., Granell, R., Henderson, A. J., Fraser, W. D., & Lawlor, D. A. (2013) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/cea.12172 · Cited by 63 · cited 1× · see citing works
“However, there was no association between prenatal 25(OH)D levels and eczema (assessed by questionnaire) among 7-year-old to 8-year-old children in the ALSPAC birth cohort.(39) Considering cord blood, 25(OH)D3 was weakly inversely associated with eczema (by clinical examination or parental report of doctor diagnosis)…”
Cohort Profile: The Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT)
Patel, R., Oken, E., Bogdanovich, N., Matush, L., Sevkovskaya, Z., CHALMERS, B. E., HODNETT, E. D., Vilchuck, K., Kramer, M. S., & Martin, R. M. (2013) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyt003 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Challenges in Identifying Asthma Subgroups Using Unsupervised Statistical Learning Techniques
Prosperi, M., Şahiner, Ü. M., Belgrave, D. C. M., Saçkesen, C., Buchan, I. E., Simpson, A., Yavuz, S. T., Kalaycı, Ö., & Čustović, A. (2013) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201304-0694oc · Cited by 61 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Use of disease phenotypes and endotypes will also improve our understanding of relationships with exposures.(129,130) Challenges will persist in identifying modifiable risk factors; however, teams of scientists with diverse expertise in clinical care, epidemiology, statistics, microbiology, genetics, and molecular sci…”
Residential outdoor air pollution and allergen sensitization in schoolchildren in Oslo, Norway
Oftedal, B., Brunekreef, B., Nystad, W., & Nafstad, P. H. J. (2007) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02823.x · Cited by 57 · cited 1× · see citing works
“5, and PM10 were analyzed for associations with positive skin tests (10 allergens) among 9-year-old to 10-year-old participants in a Norwegian birth cohort.(125) No associations were found.”
The case of drug causation of childhood asthma: antibiotics and paracetamol
Heintze, K., & Petersen, K. (2013) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00228-012-1463-7 · Cited by 56 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Acetaminophen (paracetamol) use during pregnancy and infancy has also been under investigation as a risk factor for childhood asthma, with parallel results and methodological concerns, because respiratory infections are also linked to acetaminophen use.(86)”
Breastfeeding and lung function at school age: does maternal asthma modify the effect?
Dogaru, C., Strippoli, M., Spycher, B., Frey, U., Beardsmore, C., Silverman, M., & Kuehni, C. (2012) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201108-1490oc · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Breastfeeding and introduction of complementary foods during infancy in relation to the risk of asthma and atopic diseases up to 10 years
Nwaru, B. I., Craig, L. C. A., Allan, K., Prabhu, N., Turner, S., McNeill, G., Erkkola, M., Seaton, A., & Devereux, G. S. (2013) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/cea.12180 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Early-Life Risk Factors for Occurrence of Atopic Dermatitis During the First Year
Sugiyama, M., Arakawa, H., Ozawa, K., Mizuno, T., Mochizuki, H., Tokuyama, K., & Morikawa, A. (2007) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2006-0893 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Paracetamol and antibiotics in childhood and subsequent development of wheezing/asthma: association or causation?
Rusconi, F., Gagliardi, L., Galassi, C., Forastiere, F., Brunetti, L. M., Grutta, S. L., Piffer, S., Talassi, F., & the SIDRIA-2 Collaborative Group (2011) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyq263 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Perinatal Pet Exposure, Faecal Microbiota, and Wheezy Bronchitis: Is There a Connection?
Nermes, M., Niinivirta, K., Nylund, L., Laitinen, K., Matomäki, J., Salminen, S., & Isolauri, E. (2013) · ISRN Allergy · doi:10.1155/2013/827934 · Cited by 47 · cited 1× · see citing works
“normal immune development through their impact on the infant’s environmental and human microbiome.(74)”
Associations between fatty acids in colostrum and breast milk and risk of allergic disease
Lowe, A. J., Thien, F. C. K., Stoney, R. M., Bennett, C. M., Hosking, C. S., Hill, D. J., Carlin, J. B., Abramson, M. J., & Dharmage, S. C. (2008) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.03073.x · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Does exposure to dogs and cats in the first year of life influence the development of allergic sensitization?
Ownby, D. R., & Johnson, C. C. (2003) · Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1097/00130832-200312000-00015 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citation
Breastfeeding protects against adverse respiratory outcomes at 15 months of age
Silvers, K. M., Frampton, C. M., Wickens, K. L., Epton, M., Pattemore, P., Ingham, T. R., Fishwick, D., Crane, J., Town, G. I., & the New Zealand Asthma and Allergy Cohort Study Group (2009) · Maternal and Child Nutrition · doi:10.1111/j.1740-8709.2008.00169.x · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Prenatal environmental factors influencing IgE levels, atopy and early asthma
Peters, J. L., Boynton‐Jarrett, R., & Sandel, M. T. (2013) · Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1097/aci.0b013e32835e82d3 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Reverse causation and confounding‐by‐indication: do they or do they not explain the association between childhood antibiotic treatment and subsequent development of respiratory illness?
Kummeling, I., & Thijs, C. T. (2008) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.03047.x · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Caesarean section and allergic manifestations: insufficient evidence of association found in population-based study of children aged 1 to 4 years
Pyrhönen, K., Näyhä, S., Hiltunen, L. A., & Läärä, E. (2013) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.12342 · Cited by 38 · cited 2× · see citing works
“data have reported associations between cesarean section and increased asthma frequency,(12,14) whereas others failed to confirm this finding.(8,10) Questionnaire data may not provide sufficient specificity for defining asthma as an outcome; hence, the emergence of conflicting results.”
Neonatal folate, homocysteine, vitamin B 12 levels and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase variants in childhood asthma and eczema
van der Valk, R. J. P., Jong, J. C. K., der Voort, A. M. M. S., Duijts, L., Groen, E. H., Moll, H. A., Tiemeier, H. W., Steegers, E. A. P., Albert Hofman, D., Jaddoe, V. W. V., et al. (2013) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.12146 · Cited by 36 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Study of this relationship is complicated, because in parallel with the allergy epidemic, folic acid has been added to numerous foods and recommended for pregnant women to prevent birth defects.46 In the KOALA birth cohort (n 5 837), prenatal erythrocyte folic acid levels were not associated with AD at 2-year examinat…”
Influential
Effects of Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Childhood on Atopic Diseases
Ciaccio, C. E., & Gentile, D. A. (2013) · Current Allergy and Asthma Reports · doi:10.1007/s11882-013-0389-1 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Temporal Development of the Infant Gut Microbiota in Immunoglobulin E-Sensitized and Nonsensitized Children Determined by the GA-Map Infant Array
Vebø, H. C., Sekelja, M., Nestestog, R., Storrø, O., Johnsen, R., Øien, T., & Rudi, K. (2011) · Clinical and Vaccine Immunology · doi:10.1128/cvi.00062-11 · Cited by 33 · cited 1× · see citing works
“gene deep sequencing and array technologies, which allow comprehensive detection of microbial communities on a large scale.(32,33) For instance, in a group of 40 Swedish infants,(34) low fecal microbial diversity measured with 16S ribosomal DNA 454-pyrosequencing was associated with atopic eczema.”
Tobacco smoke exposure and allergic sensitization in children: A propensity score analysis
Havstad, S. L., Johnson, C. C., Zoratti, E. M., Ezell, J. M., Woodcroft, K. J., Ownby, D. R., & Wegienka, G. (2012) · Respirology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2012.02201.x · Cited by 28 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In stark contrast to the MAS report, early-life ETS exposure increased childhood allergen sensitization only among children with nonallergic mothers in the WHEALS birth cohort.(107) Several methodological differences may have contributed to these discrepant findings, including different adjustment and exposure classif…”
Self-citation
Early-life folate levels are associated with incident allergic sensitization
Okupa, A. Y., Lemanske, R. F., Jackson, D. J., Evans, M. D., Wood, R. A., & Matsui, E. C. (2012) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2012.08.015 · Cited by 28 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Child folate levels were not associated with wheeze in the COAST cohort.(51)”
Maternal dietary fat and fatty acid intake during lactation and the risk of asthma in the offspring
Lumia, M., Luukkainen, P., Kaila, M., Tapanainen, H., Takkinen, H. ‐., Prasad, M., Niinistö, S., Nwaru, B. I., Kenward, M. G., Ilonen, J., et al. (2012) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2012.02718.x · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Exposure to Dog Allergens and Subsequent Allergic Sensitization: An Updated Review
Smallwood, J., & Ownby, D. (2012) · Current Allergy and Asthma Reports · doi:10.1007/s11882-012-0277-0 · Cited by 26 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Inconsistent results may relate to differences in study populations with respect to genetic factors, the prevalence of local pet keeping, and unmeasured risk factors associated with pet exposure.(84,85) Therefore, although not settled, there is no consis-”
Gut microbiota diversity and atopic disease: Does breast-feeding play a role?
Azad, M. B., Becker, A. B., Guttman, D. S., Sears, M. R., Scott, J. A., & Kozyrskyj, A. L. (2012) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.044 · Cited by 25 · cited 1× · see citing works
“mote allergy are alteration of the infant’s gut microbiome and immune development.(61,62) Breastfeeding may also alter a child’s risk of respiratory infections through maternal antibody transfer(61) or affect intake of nutrients, such as vitamin D, during infancy.”
Association of tobacco smoke exposure and atopic sensitization
Ciaccio, C. E., DiDonna, A., Kennedy, K., Barnes, C. S., Portnoy, J. M., & Rosenwasser, L. J. (2013) · Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.anai.2013.07.023 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Breastfeeding Might Have Protective Effects on Atopy in Children With the CD14C-159T CT/CC Genotype
Lee, S., Kang, M., Kwon, J., Park, K.-S., & Hong, S. (2013) · Allergy Asthma and Immunology Research · doi:10.4168/aair.2013.5.4.239 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Antibiotics and Allergic Disorders in Childhood
Jordan, S. E., Storey, M., & Morgan, G. (2008) · The Open Nursing Journal · doi:10.2174/1874434600802010048 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Asthma epidemiology and risk factors
Stern, J. L., Pier, J., & Litonjua, A. A. (2020) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-020-00785-1 · Cited by 602 · see citing works
A Quantitative, Risk-Based Approach to the Management of Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis
Kuzniewicz, M. W., Puopolo, K. M., Fischer, A. F., Walsh, E. M., Li, S. X., Newman, T. B., Kipnis, P., & Escobar, G. J. (2017) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.4678 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Influence of Early Life, Diet, and the Environment on the Microbiome
Dong, T. S., & Gupta, A. (2018) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2018.08.067 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
“The theory is related to the idea that pets and farm animals introduce environmental allergens that sensitize the developing immune system of the child.(98) The fact that these exposures are mediated through microbes is supported by studies that demonstrate how certain bacterial species, such as Acinetobacter lwofii a…”
Low urinary indoxyl sulfate levels early after transplantation reflect a disrupted microbiome and are associated with poor outcome
Weber, D., Oefner, P. J., Hiergeist, A., Koestler, J., Gessner, A., Weber, M., Hahn, J., Wolff, D., Stämmler, F., Spang, R., et al. (2015) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2015-04-638858 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Vitamin D and Microbiota: Is There a Link with Allergies?
Murdaca, G., Gerosa, A., Paladin, F., Petrocchi, L., Banchero, S., & Gangemi, S. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22084288 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
“It is associated with several risk factors, such as the mode of delivery, formula feeding, the use of antibiotics, bacterial characteristics, mucosal cell characteristics, and the type of diet [48].”
Background
New insights into the phenotypes of atopic dermatitis linked with allergies and asthma in children: An overview
Amat, F., Soria, A., Tallon, P., Bourgoin‐Heck, M., Lambert, N., Deschildre, A., & Just, J. (2018) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/cea.13156 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Allergies are still on the rise? A 6-year nationwide population-based study in Korea
Kim, B., Kim, J., Kang, M.-K., Yang, M., Park, H., Min, K., Cho, S., & Kang, H. (2015) · Allergology International · doi:10.1016/j.alit.2015.11.002 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
The Urban-Rural Gradient In Asthma: A Population-Based Study in Northern Europe
Timm, S., Frydenberg, M., Janson, C., Campbell, B., Forsberg, B., Gíslason, Þ., Holm, M., Jögi, R., Omenaas, E. R., Sigsgaard, T., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph13010093 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“Growing up on a farm may reflect factors in a farm environment, however, it may also reflect not growing up in an urban environment with presence of several risk factors for asthma such as smoking and air pollution [14].”
Common cold among pre-school children in China - associations with ambient PM 10 and dampness, mould, cats, dogs, rats and cockroaches in the home environment
Norbäck, D., Lu, C., Zhang, Y., Li, B., Zhao, Z., Huang, C., Zhang, X., Qian, H., Sundell, J., & Deng, Q. (2017) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.03.015 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“There is now a focus on the health significance of early life exposure, including the prenatal period for various types of diseases (Gollwitzer andMarsland, 2015) including infections (Avitsur et al., 2015) and allergic diseases (Wegienka et al., 2015).”
Background
The nasal microbiota of dairy farmers is more complex than oral microbiota, reflects occupational exposure, and provides competition for staphylococci
Shukla, S. K., Ye, Z., Sandberg, S., Reyes, I., Fritsche, T. R., & Keifer, M. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0183898 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Prevention of Food Allergy: The Significance of Early Introduction
Comberiati, P., Costagliola, G., D’Elios, S., & Peroni, D. G. (2019) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina55070323 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Effects of Pollution on Pregnancy and Infants
Rani, P., & Dhok, A. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.33906 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
“Environmental factors that affect how arsenic is methylated in individuals are arsenic exposure level, age, BMI, sex, smoking, genetic factors, ethnicity, pregnancy, and breastfeeding [28,29].”
Background
Association between early life exposure to indoor environmental factors and childhood asthma
Lu, C., Liao, H., Liu, Z., Yang, W., Liu, Q., & Li, Q. (2022) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109740 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Insights from the COCOA birth cohort: The origins of childhood allergic diseases and future perspectives
Lee, E., Lee, S., Kim, H., Yang, S., Yoon, J., Suh, D. I., Oh, H. Y., Ahn, K., Kim, K. W., Shin, Y. H., et al. (2023) · Allergology International · doi:10.1016/j.alit.2023.09.005 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Expectations Versus Reality: Long-Term Research on the Dog–Owner Relationship
Bouma, E., Vink, L. M., & Dijkstra, A. (2020) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani10050772 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“Although less well described, there are also negative consequences of dog ownership, such as the detrimental effect of a pet’s death on owner wellbeing [4], the development of allergies and asthma [5,6], and an increased risk of dog bites, especially among children [7].”
Background
Pre- and Postnatal Smoking Exposure and Risk of Atopic Eczema in Young Japanese Children: A Prospective Prebirth Cohort Study
Tanaka, K., Miyake, Y., Furukawa, S., & Arakawa, M. (2016) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntw299 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Associations between home dampness-related exposures and childhood eczema among 13,335 preschool children in Shanghai, China: A cross-sectional study
Cai, J., Liu, W., Hu, Y., Zou, Z., Shen, L., & Huang, C. (2015) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2015.12.009 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Risk of Asthma and Allergies in Children Delivered by Cesarean Section: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Liu, X., Zhou, J., Chen, J., Li, L., Yuan, L., Li, S., Sun, X., & Zhou, X. (2024) · The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice · doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2024.06.022 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
The First 1000 Days of Life Factors Associated with “Childhood Asthma Symptoms”: Brisa Cohort, Brazil
Nascimento, J. X. P. T., Ribeiro, C. C. C., Batista, R. F. L., Alves, M. T. S. S. D. B. E., Simões, V. M. F., Padilha, L. L., Cardoso, V. C., Vianna, É. O., Bettiol, H., Barbieri, M. A., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16295-4 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Predictors of allergen sensitization in Singapore children from birth to 3 years
Loo, E. X. L., Sim, J. Z. T., Goh, A. E. N., Teoh, O. H., Chan, Y. H., Saw, S., Kwek, K. Y. C., Gluckman, P. D., Godfrey, K. M., Bever, H. V., et al. (2016) · Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1186/s13223-016-0161-x · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Knowledge mapping of the links between the microbiota and allergic diseases: A bibliometric analysis (2002–2021)
Lv, H., Wang, Y., Gao, Z., Liu, P., Qin, D., Hua, Q., & Xu, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1045795 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Pregnancy diet and offspring asthma risk over a 10-year period: the Lifeways Cross Generation Cohort Study, Ireland
Viljoen, K., Segurado, R., O’Brien, J., Murrin, C. M., Mehegan, J., & Kelleher, C. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017013 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
High prevalence of eczema among preschool children related to home renovation in China: A multi‐city‐based cross‐sectional study
Sun, C., Zhang, J., Huang, C., Liu, W., Zhang, Y., Li, B., Zhao, Z., Deng, Q., Zhang, X., Qian, H., et al. (2019) · Indoor Air · doi:10.1111/ina.12586 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Lifetime prevalence of childhood eczema and the effect of indoor environmental factors: Analysis in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white children
Kim, H., Zhou, H. Q., Kim, J. H., Habre, R., Bastain, T. M., & Gilliland, F. D. (2016) · Allergy and Asthma Proceedings · doi:10.2500/aap.2016.37.3913 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“The developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis indicates that a child’s environment from conception to age 2 greatly influences the child’s risk for chronic disease.(6) Atopic eczema is commonly diagnosed in children younger than the age of 5 years.”
Background
Birth by cesarean section and schizophrenia: results from the multicenter FACE-SZ data-set
Fond, G. B., Bulzacka, E., Boyer, L., Llorca, P., Godin, O., Brunel, L., Andrianarisoa, M., Aouizerate, B., Berna, F. S., Capdevielle, D., et al. (2016) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-016-0708-3 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Vitamins A and E during Pregnancy and Allergy Symptoms in an Early Childhood—Lack of Association with Tobacco Smoke Exposure
Gromadzińska, J., Polańska, K., Kozłowska, L., Mikołajewska, K., Stelmach, I., Jerzyńska, J., Stelmach, W., Grzesiak, M., Hanke, W., & Wąsowicz, W. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15061245 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“Their association with an increased risk of developing asthma and other respiratory diseases is also proven [37].”
Deleterious effects in reproduction and developmental immunity elicited by pulmonary iron oxide nanoparticles
Park, E., Jeong, U., Kim, Y., Lee, B., Cho, M., & Go, Y.-S. (2016) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.08.025 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Pre-eclampsia and childhood asthma
Magnus, M. C., Håberg, S. E., Magnus, P. M., Engeland, A., Nafstad, P. H. J., Karlstad, Ø., & Nystad, W. (2016) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/13993003.00673-2016 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and the risk of asthma, eczema and allergies in offspring: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Conlan, N., Maher, G. M., Khalaf, S. Y. A., McCarthy, F. P., & Khashan, A. S. (2020) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/cea.13754 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Gut microbiota and acute graft-versus-host disease
Yoshioka, K., Kakihana, K., Doki, N., & Ohashi, K. (2017) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2017.05.028 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Increase in atopic sensitization rate among Dutch children with symptoms of allergic disease between 1994 and 2014
Koet, L. B. M., & Brand, P. L. P. (2017) · Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · doi:10.1111/pai.12825 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Associations between household renovation and rhinitis among preschool children in China: A cross‐sectional study
Huang, C., Zhang, J., Sun, C., Liu, W. Y., Zhang, Y., Li, B., Zhao, Z., Deng, Q., Zhang, X., Qian, H., et al. (2020) · Indoor Air · doi:10.1111/ina.12675 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Obesity and Asthma in Children—Coexistence or Pathophysiological Connections?
Mazzotta, C., & Barkai, L. (2025) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines13051114 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Asthma may start in utero too, which may be connected to high maternal BMI during pregnancy [9].”
Association of diabetes-related autoantibodies with the incidence of asthma, eczema and allergic rhinitis in the TRIGR randomised clinical trial
Krischer, J. P., Cuthbertson, D. D., Couluris, M., Knip, M., & Virtanen, S. M. (2020) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-020-05188-3 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“The nutritional factors identified in epidemiological studies as possibly affecting the development of islet cell autoimmunity and allergic diseases and asthma include breastfeeding, age at introduction of new foods in infancy, dietary fatty acids, dietary antioxidants, vitamin D, foods that affect gut microbiota and…”
Background
Atopic dermatitis in a cohort of West Highland white terriers in Switzerland. Part II: estimates of early life factors and heritability
Rostaher, A., Dolf, G., Fischer, N., Silaghi, C., Akdiş, C. A., Zwickl, L., Audergon, S., & Favrot, C. (2020) · Veterinary Dermatology · doi:10.1111/vde.12843 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Maternal periconceptional folate status and infant atopic dermatitis: A prospective cohort study
Ye, Y., Dou, L., Zhang, Y., Dou, Y., Zhao, P., Jiang, Y., Gao, W., Ji, M. S., He, L., Niu, D., et al. (2020) · Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · doi:10.1111/pai.13321 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and prevalent asthma among children living in communities with differing levels of urbanization: a cross-sectional study
GASP Study Investigators, Pollard, S. L., Lima, J. J., Romero, K. M., Tarazona-Meza, C. E., Mougey, E. B., Tomaino, K., Malpartida-Guzmán, G., Hansel, N. N., & Checkley, W. (2017) · Asthma Research and Practice · doi:10.1186/s40733-017-0033-2 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“beyond 4 years of age may be missing the critical window of exposure for determining risk in later life, since the prenatal period and the first 1000 days of life are hypothesized to be etiologically relevant for determining asthma and allergy risk [33].”
Background
Folate status, regulatory T cells and MTHFR C677T polymorphism study in allergic children
Socha‐Banasiak, A., Kamer, B., Gach, A., Wysocka, U., Jakubowski, L., Głowacka, E., & Czkwianianc, E. (2016) · Advances in Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.advms.2016.03.010 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Indian Guidelines for Diagnosis of Respiratory Allergy
Kumar, R., Behera, D., Singh, A. B., Gaur, S., Agarwal, M. K., Prasad, R., Menon, B., Goel, N., Mrigpuri, P., Spalgais, S., et al. (2023) · Indian Journal of Allergy Asthma and Immunology · doi:10.4103/0972-6691.367373 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Effect of extensively hydrolyzed casein vs. conventional formula on the risk of asthma and allergies: The TRIGR randomized clinical trial
Virtanen, S. M., Cuthbertson, D. D., Couluris, M., Savilahti, E., Knip, M., Krischer, J. P., & the TRIGR Investigators (2021) · Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · doi:10.1111/pai.13452 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“The following genotypes were eligible: (1) HLA DQB1*02/DQB1*03:02 (high risk); (2) HLA DQB1*03:02/x (x not DQB1*02, DQB1*03:01 or DQB1*06:02 (moderate risk); (3) HLA DQA1*05-DQB1*02/y (y not DQA1*02:01-DQB1*02, DQB1*03:01, DQB1*06:02 or DQB1*06:03 (mild risk); and (4) HLADQA1*03-DQB1*02/y (y not DQA1*02:01DQB1*02, DQB…”
Free 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with atopy and lung function in children with asthma
Pollard, S. L., Lima, J. J., Mougey, E. B., Romero, K. M., Tarazona-Meza, C. E., Tomaino, K., Malpartida, G., Hansel, N. N., & Checkley, W. (2017) · Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.anai.2017.04.021 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Influence of the environment on the characteristics of asthma
Mesones, C. E. R., Ojanguren, Í., Espejo, D., Granados, G. D., González‐Barcala, F. J., Cruz, M. J., & Muñoz, X. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-25028-1 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“352 Local Systemic (dyspnea) 2 (11) 2 (15) 0 Drug allergy (dyspnea), n (%) 9 (8) 4 (6) 5 (10) 0.”
The Low umbilical cord Zinc levels Lead to Atopic Allergic Infants : a Cohort study during 0-4 months of Age
Priyantini, S., Suprihati, S., Widyastiti, N. S., & Soemantri (2019) · Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science · doi:10.3329/bjms.v19i1.43883 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Effects of gut microbiome and environment on the development of eczema in Chinese infants
Chan, C. W. H., Leung, T. F., Choi, K. C., Tsui, S. K., & Chan, J. Y. (2020) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000020327 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Other recently reported birth cohort studies have addressed the relationship of the intestinal microbiome and allergic outcomes, with most suggesting associations.([12])”
Background
Indoor Allergen Interventions in Homes and Schools for Managing Asthma
Beheshti, R., Phipatanakul, W., DiMango, E., & Grant, T. L. (2025) · The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice · doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2025.04.027 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Association between prenatal and neonatal factors and occurrence of asthma symptoms in six-year-old children
Esmeraldino, L., Traebert, E., Nunes, R. D., & Traebert, J. L. (2022) · Ciência & Saúde Coletiva · doi:10.1590/1413-81232022272.44892020 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Association Between Clinical Remission of Infantile-Onset Allergic Rhinitis During the School-Age Period and the Type of Housing: A Longitudinal Population-Based Japanese Study
Uraguchi, K., Matsumoto, N., Mitsuhashi, T., Takao, S., Makihara, S., Ando, M., & Yorifuji, T. (2023) · Journal of Pediatric Health Care · doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2023.11.011 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Birth by cesarean section and schizophrenia. Results from the multi-center FACE-SZ dataset
Fond, G. B., Boyer, L., Llorca, P., & Leboyer, M. (2016) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.073 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Role of nonspecific risk factors in atopic dermatitis
Macharadze, D. S., Rassanova, E. A., Ruzhentsova, T. A., Галанина, А. В., & Malishev, V. S. (2024) · Allergology and Immunology in Pediatrics · doi:10.53529/2500-1175-2024-1-5-11 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Does maternal pet ownership during pregnancy influence severity of child's atopic dermatitis?
Milewska‐Wróbel, D., & Lis‐Święty, A. (2020) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105173 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Breastfeeding Recommendations. Pediatricians Mexicans Survey
Reyes-Vázquez, H. L., Lopez-Enriquez, C. C., Bribiesca-Godoy, F., Espinosa-Aguilera, A., Morfín-Maciel, B. M., & Martínez-Aguilar, N. E. (2019) · OALib · doi:10.4236/oalib.1102816 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“BF effect in the prevention of allergic diseases is controversial [11] [12].”
Background
Occurrence of infectious diseases during the first two years and symptoms of asthma in six-year-old children
Andrade, J. F. D. L., Traebert, E., Garcia, L. P., & Traebert, J. L. (2022) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25965 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Studies show that the period between conception and the first two years of life has a great influence on the risk of future development of allergic diseases (Wopereis et al., 2014; Wegienka et al., 2015).”
Background
THE CONTRIBUTION OF GENE POLYMORPHISM OF THE XENOBIOTIC DETOXICATION SYSTEM TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA PHENOTYPES IN CHILDHOOD
Куропатенко, М. В., Ivaschenko, T. E., Galustyan, A. N., & Желенина, Л. А. (2016) · Medical academic journal · doi:10.17816/maj16272-81 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Allaitement et pneumallergènes
Labbé, A. (2017) · Revue française d'allergologie · doi:10.1016/j.reval.2017.02.019
Piglet Gut Microbiota Responses to Exposure to Outdoor Simulated Environment and Formula Feeding
Võ, N. H. (2017) · Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Microbiota development and mucosal IgA responses during childhood in health and allergic disease
Dzidic, M. (2019) · doi:10.4995/thesis/10251/125479
Allergie respiratoire en pédiatrie et marche allergique
Amat, F., & Leboulanger, N. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-76677-0.00005-8
The effect of exposome factors on the functions of filaggrin functions in atopic dermatitis
Macharadze, D. S. (2022) · Russian Journal of Allergy · doi:10.36691/rja1511
Unmet needs in food allergy treatment
Young, F. D., Aktaş, O. N., Khalid, M. B., & Frischmeyer‐Guerrerio, P. A. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-96018-2.00115-2
Role of Medicinal Plants in Asthma Treatment: Insights from Clinical Evidence
Amar, A., Nazar, H., Fazal, A., & Ahmed, M. G. (2025) · Trends in Biological Sciences · doi:10.21124/tbs.2025.46.59
Exposition aux produits de peroxydation lipidique induits par l'apport nutritionnel de fer héminique des viandes : conséquences sur l'homéostasie intestinale et la susceptibilité aux maladies chroniques chez l'adulte et sa descendance
Mazenc, A. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/993fac83z1efdz4dd2z8639z1373d18cf659

Frühe Umweltexposition im Leben – Schutz oder Risiko für allergische Erkrankungen
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Authors: Wegienka, G., Zoratti, E., & Johnson, C. C.
Affiliations: Henry Ford Health (US)
Corresponding author: Wegienka, Ganesa
ORCID: Wegienka, Ganesa
Zoratti, Edward
Johnson, Christine Cole
Venue: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-02
Volume: 35
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-17
ISSN: 0889-8561 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2014.09.002
PMC: PMC4427897
OpenAlex: W2136909348
Cited by: 61
References: 131
Citations by year: 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4
FWCI: 0.90
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL113010, R01HL113010)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI089473, P01AI089473)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
Keywords: allergic diseases, early life exposure, pediatric allergy, prenatal factors, mode of delivery, gut microbiota, vitamin D, folic acid, breastfeeding, PET, antibiotics, environmental tobacco smoke, allergy risk factors
MeSH terms: Air Pollutants, Breast Feeding, Cesarean Section, Environment, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Hypersensitivity, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Risk Factors, Vitamin D, Postpartum Period, Microbiota

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The role of the early-life environment in the development of allergic disease

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