Cited by 326Social Media in Health EducationSurvey Methodology and NonresponseEthics in Clinical Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 114 of the 115 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Recruiting for health, medical or psychosocial research using Facebook: Systematic review

Open access

Thornton, Louise, Batterham, Philip J., Fassnacht, Daniel B., Kay-Lambkin, Frances, Calear, Alison L., Hunt, Sally·2016·Internet Interventions

DOI 10.1016/j.invent.2016.02.001PMC PMC6096238

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Recruiting participants is a challenge for many health, medical and psychosocial research projects. One tool more frequently being used to improve recruitment is the social networking website Facebook. A systematic review was conducted to identify studies that have used Facebook to recruit participants of all ages, to any psychosocial, health or medical research. 110 unique studies that used Facebook as a recruitment source were included in the review. The majority of studies used a cross-sectional design (80%) and addressed a physical health or disease issue (57%). Half (49%) of the included studies reported specific details of the Facebook recruitment process. Researchers paid between $1.36 and $110 per completing participants (Mean = $17.48, SD = $23.06). Among studies that examined the representativeness of their sample, the majority concluded (86%) their Facebook-recruited samples were similarly representative of samples recruited via traditional methods. These results indicate that Facebook is an effective and cost-efficient recruitment method. Researchers should consider their target group, advertisement wording, offering incentives and no-cost methods of recruitment when considering Facebook as a recruitment source. It is hoped this review will assist researchers to make decisions regarding the use of Facebook as a recruitment tool in future research. • Health, medical and psychosocial research recruiting participants of all ages via Facebook is reviewed. • Results suggest Facebook is an effective and cost efficient recruitment method. • Results suggest Facebook can be used to obtain samples similarly representative to samples recruited via traditional methods.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.invent.2016.02.001

Cites

114 of 114 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Separate but equal? A comparison of participants and data gathered via Amazon’s MTurk, social media, and face-to-face behavioral testing
Casler, K., Bickel, L., & Hackett, E. (2013) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.05.009 · Cited by 1,662
MySpace and Facebook: Applying the Uses and Gratifications Theory to Exploring Friend-Networking Sites
Raacke, J., & Bonds-Raacke, J. (2008) · CyberPsychology & Behavior · doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0056 · Cited by 1,577 · cited 2×
“It has also been suggested as a particularly useful resource for recruiting younger people, (Christofides et al., 2009; Raacke and Bonds-Raacke, 2008), and low incidence and stigmatized groups, due to the anonymity and confidentiality that sites such as Facebook can afford (Balfe et al.”
Background
Information Disclosure and Control on Facebook: Are They Two Sides of the Same Coin or Two Different Processes?
Christofides, E., Muise, A., & Desmarais, S. (2009) · CyberPsychology & Behavior · doi:10.1089/cpb.2008.0226 · Cited by 696
Social Media Update 2016
Greenwood, S., Perrin, A., & Duggan, M. (2016) · Cited by 496
Web-Based Recruiting for Health Research Using a Social Networking Site: An Exploratory Study
Fenner, Y., Garland, S. M., Moore, E. E., Jayasinghe, Y., Fletcher, A., Tabrizi, S. N., Gunasekaran, B., & Wark, J. D. (2012) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1978 · Cited by 406
Broad reach and targeted recruitment using Facebook for an online survey of young adult substance use.
Ramo, D. E., & Prochaska, J. J. (2012) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1878 · Cited by 404
Mostly Heterosexual and Mostly Gay/Lesbian: Evidence for New Sexual Orientation Identities
Vrangalova, Z., & Savin-Williams, R. C. (2012) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-012-9921-y · Cited by 339 · cited 2×
“…representativeness relative to samples obtained by traditional recruitment methods, such as post or phone (seven studies: DiBenedetti et al., 2014; Fazzino et al., 2015; Frandsen et al., 2014; Fenner et al., 2012; Hernandez-Romieu et al., 2014; Batterham, 2014; Vrangalova and Savin-Williams, 2012).”
Method
How Accurate is Web-Based Self-Reported Height, Weight, and Body Mass Index in Young Adults?
Pursey, K., Burrows, T. L., Stanwell, P., & Collins, C. E. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.2909 · Cited by 292
The Impact of Contemporary Contact Lenses on Contact Lens Discontinuation
Dumbleton, K., Woods, C. A., Jones, L., & Fonn, D. (2012) · Eye & Contact Lens Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1097/icl.0b013e318271caf4 · Cited by 271
Social media recruitment and online data collection: A beginner’s guide and best practices for accessing low-prevalence and hard-to-reach populations.
King, D. B., O’Rourke, N., & DeLongis, A. (2014) · Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne · doi:10.1037/a0038087 · Cited by 269
Still a Hard-to-Reach Population? Using Social Media to Recruit Latino Gay Couples for an HIV Intervention Adaptation Study
Martínez, O., Wu, E., Shultz, A. Z., Capote, J., Lopez-Ríos, J., Sandfort, T. G. M., Manusov, J. R. E., Ovejero, H., Carballo‐Diéguez, A., Chávez-Baray, S. M., et al. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3311 · Cited by 196
Facebook recruitment of young adult smokers for a cessation trial: Methods, metrics, and lessons learned
Ramo, D. E., Rodriguez, T. M. S., Chavez, K., Sommer, M. J., & Prochaska, J. J. (2014) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.05.001 · Cited by 183
Recruitment of mental health survey participants using Internet advertising: content, characteristics and cost effectiveness
Batterham, P. J. (2014) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.1421 · Cited by 180
Self-citation
Internet-Based Recruitment to a Depression Prevention Intervention: Lessons From the Mood Memos Study
Morgan, A. J., Jorm, A. F., & Mackinnon, A. J. (2013) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.2262 · Cited by 161
Innovative Recruitment Using Online Networks: Lessons Learned From an Online Study of Alcohol and Other Drug Use Utilizing a Web-Based, Respondent-Driven Sampling (webRDS) Strategy
Bauermeister, J. A., Zimmerman, M. A., Johns, M. M., Glowacki, P., Stoddard, S. A., & Volz, E. (2012) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.15288/jsad.2012.73.834 · Cited by 160
Image and video disclosure of substance use on social media websites
Morgan, E. M., Snelson, C., & Elison‐Bowers, P. (2010) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.04.017 · Cited by 159
Research Recruitment Using Facebook Advertising: Big Potential, Big Challenges
Kapp, J. M., Peters, C. M., & Oliver, D. P. (2013) · Journal of Cancer Education · doi:10.1007/s13187-012-0443-z · Cited by 153
Exploring the Viability of Using Online Social Media Advertising as a Recruitment Method for Smoking Cessation Clinical Trials
Frandsen, M., Walters, J. A., & Ferguson, S. G. (2013) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntt157 · Cited by 149
Facebook as a Recruitment Tool for Adolescent Health Research: A Systematic Review
Amon, K. L., Campbell, A., Hawke, C. I., & Steinbeck, K. S. (2014) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2014.05.049 · Cited by 143
What is brain fog? An evaluation of the symptom in postural tachycardia syndrome
Ross, A. J., Medow, M. S., Rowe, P. C., & Stewart, J. M. (2013) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/s10286-013-0212-z · Cited by 141
Using Online Social Media for Recruitment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Participants: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Yuan, P., Bare, M. G., Johnson, M. O., & Saberi, P. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3229 · Cited by 138
Facebook Is an Effective Strategy to Recruit Low-income Women to Online Nutrition Education
Lohse, B. (2013) · Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2012.06.006 · Cited by 132
Web intervention for OEF/OIF veterans with problem drinking and PTSD symptoms: a randomized clinical trial
Brief, D. J., Rubin, A., Keane, T. M., Enggasser, J. L., Roy, M., Helmuth, E., Hermos, J., Lachowicz, M., Rybin, D., & Rosenbloom, D. (2013) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0033697 · Cited by 125
Social Media Methods for Studying Rare Diseases
Schumacher, K. R., Stringer, K. A., Donohue, J. E., Yu, S., Shaver, A., Caruthers, R. L., Zikmund‐Fisher, B. J., Fifer, C. G., Goldberg, C. S., & Russell, M. W. W. (2014) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2013-2966 · Cited by 117
Mobilizing homeless youth for HIV prevention: a social network analysis of the acceptability of a face-to-face and online social networking intervention
Rice, E. R. W., Tulbert, E., Cederbaum, J. A., Adhikari, A. B., & Milburn, N. G. (2012) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cyr113 · Cited by 107
Recruiting adolescent girls into a follow-up study: Benefits of using a social networking website
Jones, L., Saksvig, B. I., Grieser, M., & Young, D. R. (2011) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2011.10.011 · Cited by 106
Prevalence and correlates of electronic-cigarette use in young adults: Findings from three studies over five years
Ramo, D. E., Young‐Wolff, K. C., & Prochaska, J. J. (2014) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.10.019 · Cited by 103
Does Brief Telephone Support Improve Engagement With a Web-Based Weight Management Intervention? Randomized Controlled Trial
Dennison, L., Morrison, L., Lloyd, S., Phillips, D., Stuart, B., Williams, S., Bradbury, K., Roderick, P., Murray, E., Michie, S., et al. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3199 · Cited by 98
A Diversified Recruitment Approach Incorporating Social Media Leads to Research Participation Among Young Adult-Aged Female Cancer Survivors
Gorman, J. R., Roberts, S. C., Dominick, S. A., Malcarne, V. L., Dietz, A. C., & Su, H.-C. I. (2014) · Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology · doi:10.1089/jayao.2013.0031 · Cited by 96
The Comparability of Men Who Have Sex With Men Recruited From Venue-Time-Space Sampling and Facebook: A Cohort Study
Hernández-Romieu, A. C., Sullivan, P. S., Sanchez, T., Kelley, C. F., Peterson, J. L., del Rı́o, C., Salazar, L. F., Frew, P. M., & Rosenberg, E. S. (2014) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.3342 · Cited by 96
Non‐invasive prenatal testing for trisomy 21: a cross‐sectional survey of service users' views and likely uptake
Lewis, C., Hill, M. K., Silcock, C., Daley, R., & Chitty, L. S. (2014) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.12579 · Cited by 93
Use of a Social Networking Web Site for Recruiting Canadian Youth for Medical Research
Chu, J. L., & Snider, C. E. (2013) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.12.002 · Cited by 91
Using Information Technology and Social Networking for Recruitment of Research Participants: Experience From an Exploratory Study of Pediatric Klinefelter Syndrome
Close, S., Smaldone, A. M., Fennoy, I., Reame, N. K., & Grey, M. J. (2013) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.2286 · Cited by 89
Methodology of an International Study of People with Multiple Sclerosis Recruited through Web 2.0 Platforms: Demographics, Lifestyle, and Disease Characteristics
Hadgkiss, E. J., Jelinek, G. A., Weiland, T. J., Pereira, N. G., Marck, C. H., & van der Meer, D. M. (2013) · Neurology Research International · doi:10.1155/2013/580596 · Cited by 89
Sexual agreements in the partnerships of Internet-using men who have sex with men
Gass, K., Hoff, C. C., Stephenson, R., & Sullivan, P. S. (2012) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2012.656571 · Cited by 88
Intimate Partner Violence and Social Pressure among Gay Men in Six Countries
Finneran, C. A., Chard, A. N., Sineath, R. C., Sullivan, P. S., & Stephenson, R. B. (2012) · Western Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.5811/westjem.2012.3.11779 · Cited by 87
What is the Proportion of Patients With Multiple Hereditary Exostoses Who Undergo Malignant Degeneration?
Czajka, C. M., & DiCaprio, M. R. (2015) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1007/s11999-015-4134-z · Cited by 86
Mamma mia: A feasibility study of a web-based intervention to reduce the risk of postpartum depression and enhance subjective well-being
Haga, S. M., Drozd, F., Brendryen, H., & Slinning, K. (2013) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.2659 · Cited by 84
Recruitment and retention of young women into nutrition research studies: practical considerations
Leonard, A., Hutchesson, M., Patterson, A. J., Chalmers, K. A., & Collins, C. E. (2014) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-23 · Cited by 83
The Relationship between Online Social Networking and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)
Young, S. D., Szekeres, G., & Coates, T. J. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0062271 · Cited by 81
Web recruitment and internet use and preferences reported by women with postpartum depression after pregnancy complications
Maloni, J. A., Przeworski, A., & Damato, E. G. (2013) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2012.12.001 · Cited by 80
Characteristics and Help-Seeking Behaviors of Internet Gamblers Based on Most Problematic Mode of Gambling
Hing, N., Russell, A. M. T., Gainsbury, S., & Blaszczynski, A. P. (2015) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3781 · Cited by 79
The Role of Social Media in Recruiting for Clinical Trials in Pregnancy
Shere, M., Zhao, X. Y., & Koren, G. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0092744 · Cited by 78
Recruitment via the Internet and Social Networking Sites: The 1989-1995 Cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health
Mishra, G. D., Hockey, R., Powers, J. R., Loxton, D. J., Tooth, L. R., Rowlands, I. J., Byles, J., & Dobson, A. J. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3788 · Cited by 78
HIV Knowledge and Associated Factors among Internet-Using Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in South Africa and the United States
Wagenaar, B. H., Sullivan, P. S., & Stephenson, R. B. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032915 · Cited by 75
Usage of Social Media and Smartphone Application in Assessment of Physical and Psychological Well-Being of Individuals in Times of a Major Air Pollution Crisis
Zhang, M. W., Ho, C. S. H., Pan, F., Lu, Y., & Ho, R. (2014) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.2827 · Cited by 74
Lessons from conducting trans-national Internet-mediated participatory research with hidden populations of cannabis cultivators
Barratt, M. J., Potter, G., Wouters, M., Wilkins, C., Werse, B., Perälä, J., Pedersen, M. M., Nguyen, H., Malm, A. E., Lenton, S. R., et al. (2014) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.12.004 · Cited by 74
Facebook Advertisements for Inexpensive Participant Recruitment Among Women in Early Pregnancy
Arcia, A. (2013) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198113504414 · Cited by 73
Sex and the sinner: Comparing religious and nonreligious same-sex attracted adults on internalized homonegativity and distress.
Sowe, B. J., Brown, J., & Taylor, A. (2014) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1037/ort0000021 · Cited by 72
The Global Online Sexuality Survey (GOSS): The United States of America in 2011. Chapter I: Erectile Dysfunction Among English-Speakers
Shaeer, O. K. Z., & Shaeer, K. O. K. M. (2012) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02976.x · Cited by 71
Peer-to-Peer Milk Donors' and Recipients' Experiences and Perceptions of Donor Milk Banks
Gribble, K. D. (2013) · Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing · doi:10.1111/1552-6909.12220 · Cited by 67
Assessment of public attitudes towards sex offenders in an Australian population
Shackley, M., Weiner, C., Day, A., & Willis, G. M. (2013) · Psychology Crime and Law · doi:10.1080/1068316x.2013.793772 · Cited by 67
The Good, Bad, and Ugly of Online Recruitment of Parents for Health-Related Focus Groups: Lessons Learned
Quach, S., Pereira, J. A., Russell, M. L., Wormsbecker, A. E., Ramsay, H., Crowe, L., Quan, S. D., & Kwong, J. C. (2013) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.2829 · Cited by 66
Overcoming recruitment challenges of web-based interventions for tobacco use: The case of web-based acceptance and commitment therapy for smoking cessation
Heffner, J. L., Wyszynski, C. M., Comstock, B., Mercer, L. D., & Bricker, J. B. (2013) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.05.004 · Cited by 65
Beyond Traditional Advertisements: Leveraging Facebook’s Social Structures for Research Recruitment
Valdez, R. S., Guterbock, T. M., Thompson, M. J., Reilly, J., Menefee, H. K., Bennici, M. S., Williams, I. C., & Rexrode, D. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3786 · Cited by 65
Exploring abortion attitudes of US adolescents and young adults using social media
Altshuler, A. L., Storey, H. L. G., & Prager, S. (2014) · Contraception · doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2014.11.009 · Cited by 64
Patterns of HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Couples in the United States
Mitchell, J. W., & Petroll, A. E. (2012) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e3182649135 · Cited by 61
Do adult men with untreated hypospadias have adverse outcomes? A pilot study using a social media advertised survey
Schlomer, B. J., Breyer, B. N., Copp, H. L., Baskin, L. S., & DiSandro, M. (2014) · Journal of Pediatric Urology · doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2014.01.024 · Cited by 60
A Comparison of Internet-Based Participant Recruitment Methods: Engaging the Hidden Population of Cannabis Users in Research
Temple, E. C., & Brown, R. F. (2012) · ANU Open Research (Australian National University) · Cited by 58
Evaluation of participant recruitment methods to a rare disease online registry
Johnson, K. J., Mueller, N. L., Williams, K., & Gutmann, D. H. (2014) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.36530 · Cited by 56
Purposive Facebook Recruitment Endows Cost-Effective Nutrition Education Program Evaluation
Lohse, B., & Wamboldt, P. (2013) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.2713 · Cited by 53
Perceived risk associated with tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use among people with and without psychotic disorders
Thornton, L. K., Baker, A., Johnson, M. P., & Lewin, T. J. (2013) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.02.003 · Cited by 53
Self-citation
Assessing genital human papillomavirus genoprevalence in young Australian women following the introduction of a national vaccination program
Osborne, S. L., Tabrizi, S. N., Brotherton, J. M. L., Cornall, A. M., Wark, J. D., Wrede, C. D., Jayasinghe, Y., Gertig, D. M., Pitts, M. K., & Garland, S. M. (2014) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.10.045 · Cited by 53
Facebook Advertisements Recruit Parents of Children With Cancer for an Online Survey of Web-Based Research Preferences
Akard, T. F., Wray, S., & Gilmer, M. J. (2014) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/ncc.0000000000000146 · Cited by 53
Using online social media, Facebook, in screening for major depressive disorder among college students
Youn, S. J., Trinh, N., Shyu, I., Chang, T. E., D, M. F. M., Kvedar, J. C., & Yeung, A. (2013) · International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology · doi:10.1016/s1697-2600(13)70010-3 · Cited by 53
Future Artificial Pancreas Technology for Type 1 Diabetes: What Do Users Want?
Barnard, K. D., Pinsker, J. E., Oliver, N. S., Astle, A., Dassau, E., & Kerr, D. E. (2015) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2014.0316 · Cited by 52
A Mixed-Methods Study of Young Adults' Receptivity to Using Facebook for Smoking Cessation: If You Build It, Will They Come?
Ramo, D. E., Liu, H., & Prochaska, J. J. (2014) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/ajhp.130326-qual-128 · Cited by 51
Social Networking Versus Facebook Advertising to Recruit Survey Respondents: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Gilligan, C., Kypri, K., & Bourke, J. D. (2014) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.3317 · Cited by 50
African-American breast cancer survivors’ preferences for various types of physical activity interventions: a Sisters Network Inc. web-based survey
Paxton, R. J., Nayak, P., Taylor, W. C., Chang, S., Courneya, K. S., Schover, L. R., Hodges, K. P., & Jones, L. A. (2013) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-013-0307-5 · Cited by 49
Multilevel Growth Curve Analyses of Treatment Effects of a Web-Based Intervention for Stress Reduction: Randomized Controlled Trial
Drozd, F., Raeder, S., Kraft, P., & Bjørkli, C. A. (2013) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.2570 · Cited by 46
Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Risk-taking among Men Who Have Sex with Men in South Africa.
Stephenson, R. B., de Voux, A., & Sullivan, P. S. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 45
Estimation of Geographic Variation in Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake in Men and Women: An Online Survey Using Facebook Recruitment
Nelson, E. J., Hughes, J. R., Oakes, J. M., Pankow, J. S., & Kulasingam, S. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3506 · Cited by 45
Online Respondent-Driven Sampling for Studying Contact Patterns Relevant for the Spread of Close-Contact Pathogens: A Pilot Study in Thailand
Stein, M. L., van Steenbergen, J., Chanyasanha, C., Tipayamongkholgul, M., Buskens, V., van der Heijden, P. G. M., Sabaiwan, W., Bengtsson, L., Lu, X. B., Thorson, A. E., et al. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085256 · Cited by 44
Using Internet to Recruit Immigrants with Language and Culture Barriers for Tobacco and Alcohol Use Screening: A Study Among Brazilians
Carlini, B. H., Safioti, L. M. L., Rue, T. C., & Miles, L. (2014) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-013-9934-1 · Cited by 43
The “birds and the bees” differ for boys and girls: Sex differences in the nature of sex talks.
Kuhle, B. X., Melzer, D. K., Cooper, C. A., Merkle, A. J., Pepe, N. A., Ribanovic, A., Verdesco, A., & Wettstein, T. L. (2014) · Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1037/ebs0000012 · Cited by 43
Knowledge, attitude, and uptake related to human papillomavirus vaccination among young women in Germany recruited via a social media site
Remschmidt, C., Walter, D., Schmich, P., Wetzstein, M., Deleré, Y., & Wichmann, O. (2014) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.4161/21645515.2014.970920 · Cited by 41
Development of a Disease Registry for Autoimmune Bullous Diseases: Initial Analysis of the Pemphigus Vulgaris Subset
Shah, A. D., Seiffert-Sinha, K., Sirois, D. A., Werth, V. P., Rengarajan, B., Zrnchik, W., Attwood, K. M., & Sinha, A. A. (2015) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/00015555-1854 · Cited by 41
Communicating endometriosis with young women to decrease diagnosis time
Shadbolt, N. A., Parker, M. A., & Orthia, L. A. (2013) · Health Promotion Journal of Australia · doi:10.1071/he12915 · Cited by 41
Finding and Recruiting the Highest Risk HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex With Men
Vial, A. C., Starks, T. J., & Parsons, J. T. (2014) · AIDS Education and Prevention · doi:10.1521/aeap.2014.26.1.56 · Cited by 40
Extending the Negative Consequences of Media Internalization and Self-Objectification to Dissociation and Self-Harm
Erchull, M. J., Liss, M., & Lichiello, S. (2013) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-013-0326-8 · Cited by 39
Recruitment and retention of youth for research using social media: Experiences from the Just/Us study
Bull, S. S., Levine, D., Schmiege, S. J., & Santelli, J. S. (2012) · Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies · doi:10.1080/17450128.2012.748238 · Cited by 38
Internet versus face-to-face therapy: Emotional self-disclosure issues for young adults
Rogers, V. L., Griffin, M. Q., Wykle, M. L., & Fitzpatrick, J. J. (2009) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/01612840903003520 · Cited by 37
Texting among United States young adults: An exploratory study on texting and its use within families
Crosswhite, J. M., Rice, D. C., & Asay, S. M. (2013) · The Social Science Journal · doi:10.1016/j.soscij.2013.10.002 · Cited by 37
The household economic burden of eating disorders and adherence to treatment in Australia
Gatt, L., Jan, S., Mondraty, N., Horsfield, S., HART, S. G. E., Russell, J. D., Laba, T., & Essue, B. M. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0338-0 · Cited by 36
Perception and management of risk in Internet-based peer-to-peer milk-sharing
Gribble, K. D. (2013) · Early Child Development and Care · doi:10.1080/03004430.2013.772994 · Cited by 33
Using Facebook™ to Recruit College-Age Men for a Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Trial
Raviotta, J. M., Nowalk, M. P., Lin, C. J., Huang, H.-H., & Zimmerman, R. K. (2014) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/1557988314557563 · Cited by 33
A Social Media-Based HIV Prevention Intervention Using Peer Leaders
Young, S. D., Zhao, M., Tieu, K. S., Kwok, J., Gill, H. K., & Gill, N. K. (2013) · Journal of Consumer Health on the Internet · doi:10.1080/15398285.2013.833445 · Cited by 31
Survey and online discussion groups to develop a patient-rated outcome measure on acceptability of treatment response in vitiligo
Tour, S. K., Thomas, K. S., Walker, D., Leighton, P. A., Yong, A. S. W., & Batchelor, J. (2014) · BMC Dermatology · doi:10.1186/1471-5945-14-10 · Cited by 30
Using Facebook and participant information clips to recruit emergency nurses for research
Child, R. J. H., Mentes, J. C., Pavlish, C., & Phillips, L. R. (2014) · Nurse Researcher · doi:10.7748/nr.21.6.16.e1246 · Cited by 30
Keep on brushing: a longitudinal study of motivational text messaging in young adults aged 18–24 years receiving Work and Income Support
Schlüter, P. J., Lee, M., Hamilton, G., Coe, G., Messer‐Perkins, H., & Smith, B. (2014) · Journal of Public Health Dentistry · doi:10.1111/jphd.12079 · Cited by 29
The Psychosocial Impact of Ptosis as a Symptom of Myasthenia Gravis: A Qualitative Study
Richards, H., Jenkinson, E., Rumsey, N., & Harrad, R. (2014) · Orbit · doi:10.3109/01676830.2014.904375 · Cited by 27
Web-based Recruiting for a Survey on Knowledge and Awareness of Cervical Cancer Prevention Among Young Women Living in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan
Miyagi, E., Motoki, Y., Asai‐Sato, M., Taguri, M., Morita, S., Hirahara, F., Wark, J. D., & Garland, S. M. (2014) · International Journal of Gynecological Cancer · doi:10.1097/igc.0000000000000220 · Cited by 25
Childbirth expectations: an Australian study of young childless women
D’Cruz, L., & Lee, C. (2014) · Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology · doi:10.1080/02646838.2013.875134 · Cited by 25
Recruiting U.S. and Canadian College Students via Social Media for Participation in a Web-Based Brief Intervention Study
Fazzino, T. L., Rose, G. L., Pollack, S. M., & Helzer, J. E. (2015) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.15288/jsad.2015.76.127 · Cited by 25
Attitudes to chlamydia screening elicited using the social networking site Facebook for subject recruitment
Ahmed, N., Jayasinghe, Y., Wark, J. D., Fenner, Y., Moore, E. E., Tabrizi, S. N., Fletcher, A., & Garland, S. M. (2013) · Sexual Health · doi:10.1071/sh12198 · Cited by 25
Using Facebook to Recruit Young Adults for Qualitative Research Projects
Balfe, M., Doyle, F., & Conroy, R. M. (2012) · CIN Computers Informatics Nursing · doi:10.1097/nxn.0b013e31826e4fca · Cited by 25
Online questionnaire development: Using film to engage participants and then gather attitudes towards the sharing of genomic data
Middleton, A., Bragin, E., Morley, K. I., & Parker, M. J. (2013) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2013.12.004 · Cited by 23
The Relationship Between Online Social Network Use, Sexual Risk Behaviors, and HIV Sero-Status Among a Sample of Predominately African American and Latino Men Who have Sex with Men (MSM) Social Media Users
Chiu, C. J., & Young, S. D. (2015) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-014-0986-6 · Cited by 23
Living with severe allergy: an Anaphylaxis Campaign national survey of young people
Worth, A., Regent, L., Levy, M. L., Ledford, C., East, M., & Sheikh, A. (2013) · Clinical and Translational Allergy · doi:10.1186/2045-7022-3-2 · Cited by 22
Measuring effectiveness of the cervical cancer vaccine in an Australian setting (the VACCINE study)
Young, E. J., Tabrizi, S. N., Brotherton, J. M. L., Wark, J. D., Pyman, J. M., Saville, M., Wrede, C. D., Jayasinghe, Y., Tan, J., Gertig, D. M., et al. (2013) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/1471-2407-13-296 · Cited by 20
‘Unjust, inhumane and highly inaccurate’: the impact of changes to disability benefits and services – social media as a tool in research and activism
Morris, R. (2013) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2013.808093 · Cited by 20
Effects of Turner Syndrome on Women’s Self-Esteem and Body Image
Cragg, S. J., & Lafreniere, K. D. (2009) · Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities · doi:10.1007/s10882-009-9178-0 · Cited by 19
Legal high groups on the internet – The creation of new organized deviant groups?
Norman, J., Grace, S., & Lloyd, C. (2013) · Drugs Education Prevention and Policy · doi:10.3109/09687637.2013.769500 · Cited by 19
Share2Quit: Web-Based Peer-Driven Referrals for Smoking Cessation
Sadasivam, R. S., Volz, E., Kinney, R. L., Rao, S. R., & Houston, T. K. (2013) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.2786 · Cited by 18
Pragmatism, persistence and patience: A user perspective on strategies for data collection using popular online social networks
Mannix, J., Wilkes, L., & Daly, J. (2014) · Collegian Journal of the Royal College of Nursing Australia · doi:10.1016/j.colegn.2014.03.001 · Cited by 18
Recruiting young adults to child maltreatment research through Facebook: A feasibility study
Parkinson, S., & Bromfield, L. (2013) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.04.009 · Cited by 17
The diagnosis of provoked vestibulodynia: steps and roadblocks in a long journey
Connor, J. J., Brix, C. M., & Trudeau‐Hern, S. (2013) · Sexual & Relationship Therapy · doi:10.1080/14681994.2013.842969 · Cited by 17
Successfully recruiting, surveying, and retaining college students: A description of methods for the risk, religiosity, and Emerging Adulthood Study
Berry, D. M., & Bass, C. P. (2012) · Research in Nursing & Health · doi:10.1002/nur.21498 · Cited by 17
The Virtual Focus Group: A Modern Methodology for Facial Attractiveness Rating
Popenko, N. A., Devcic, Z., Karimi, K., & Wong, B. J. F. (2012) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/prs.0b013e31825dcb48 · Cited by 14
Get Tested Why Not? A Novel Approach to Internet-based Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Testing in Canada
Mann, T. A., Uddin, Z., Hendriks, A., Bouchard, C., & Etches, V. (2013) · Canadian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.17269/cjph.104.3684 · Cited by 13
The Global Online Sexuality Survey (GOSS): Male Homosexuality among Arabic-Speaking Internet Users in the Middle East—2010
Shaeer, O. K. Z., & Shaeer, K. O. K. M. (2014) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/jsm.12634 · Cited by 13
Assessing patients' and caregivers' perspectives on stability of factor VIII products for haemophilia A: a web‐based study in the United States and Canada
DiBenedetti, D. B., Coles, T., Sharma, T., Pericleous, L., & Kulkarni, R. (2014) · Haemophilia · doi:10.1111/hae.12459 · Cited by 12
Prevalence of Overactive Bladder and Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women Who Have Sex with Women: An Internet-Based Survey
Sturm, R. M., Breyer, B. N., Li, C., Subak, L. L., Brown, J. S., & Shindel, A. W. (2014) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2014.4878 · Cited by 8
Video žaidimų ir užklasinės veiklos reikšmė subjektyviam tėvų savo vaikų ir paauglių socialinio ir emocinio funkcionavimo vertinimui
Boyce, A., & Schanding, G. T. (2013) · International Journal of Psychology a Biopsychosocial Approach · doi:10.7220/1941-7233.12.2 · Cited by 2

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 115 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Boyce, 2013, Effect of videogame play and extracurricular activities on parent perceived socio-emotional functioning in children and adolescents, Int. J. Psychol. Biopsychosocial Approach, 12

Sorted by citations

Internet interventions: Past, present and future
Andersson, G. (2018) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2018.03.008 · Cited by 315
“Indeed, there are findings indicating that clients recruited from the general public for ICBT trials are more representative than clients seen in regular practice (Titov et al., 2010).”
Background
Sextortion of Minors: Characteristics and Dynamics
Wolak, J., Finkelhor, D., Walsh, W., & Treitman, L. (2018) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.08.014 · Cited by 249
“Facebook advertisements are an effective tool for recruiting hard to reach populations for social science research [25,26].”
Background
People’s Experiences and Satisfaction With Telehealth During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Isautier, J., Copp, T., Ayre, J., Cvejic, E., Meyerowitz‐Katz, G., Batcup, C., Bonner, C., Dodd, R. H., Nickel, B., Pickles, K. M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/24531 · Cited by 209
“Our sample was recruited via social media, which was likely the reason why our sample consisted of a higher proportion of females, higher level of education, and potentially higher levels of digital literacy than the general population [18].”
What’s to Like? Facebook as a Tool for Survey Data Collection
Schneider, D., & Harknett, K. (2019) · Sociological Methods & Research · doi:10.1177/0049124119882477 · Cited by 192
“Other recent work in marketing (Nunan and Knox 2011), medical research (Ramo and Prochaska 2012; Thornton et al. 2016), and political science (Samuels and Zucco 2013; Zhang et al.”
Background
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Emergency Distance Teaching on the Psychological Status of University Teachers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Jordan
Akour, A. A., Al‐Tammemi, A. B., Barakat, M. M., Kanj, R., Fakhouri, H. N., Malkawi, A. M., & Musleh, G. (2020) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.20-0877 · Cited by 198

See all 326

Authors: Thornton, L., Batterham, P. J., Fassnacht, D. B., Kay-Lambkin, F., Calear, A. L., & Hunt, S.
Affiliations: UNSW Sydney (AU)
Australian National University (AU)
ORCID: Thornton, Louise
Batterham, Philip J.
Fassnacht, Daniel B.
Calear, Alison L.
Hunt, Sally
Venue: Internet Interventions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-05
Volume: 4
Pages: 72-81
ISSN: 2214-7829 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2016.02.001
PMC: PMC6096238
OpenAlex: W2282737262
Cited by: 326
References: 115
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 2
FWCI: 4.28
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Internet Interventions (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: University of New South Wales
National Health and Medical Research Council
Topics: Social Sciences › Health › Social Media in Health Education
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics in Clinical Research
Keywords: Facebook, participant recruitment, social networking sites, online recruitment, recruitment incentives, sample representativeness, health research, medical research, psychosocial research

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Recruiting for health, medical or psychosocial research using Facebook: Systematic review

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks