Web intervention for OEF/OIF veterans with problem drinking and PTSD symptoms: a randomized clinical trial
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Veterans who served in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) commonly experience alcohol misuse and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following their return from deployment to a war zone. We conducted a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of a newly developed, 8-module, self-management web intervention (VetChange) based on motivational and cognitive-behavioral principles to reduce alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems, and PTSD symptoms in returning combat veterans. METHOD: Six hundred participants, recruited through targeted Facebook ads, were randomized to either an Initial Intervention Group (IIG; n = 404) or a Delayed Intervention Group (DIG; n = 196) that waited 8 weeks for access to VetChange. Primary outcome measures were Drinks per Drinking Day, Average Weekly Drinks, Percent Heavy Drinking Days, and PTSD symptoms. Intent-to-treat analyses compared changes in outcome measures over time between IIG and DIG as well as within-group changes. RESULTS: IIG participants demonstrated greater reductions in drinking (p < .001 for each measure) and PTSD symptoms (p = .009) between baseline and end-of-intervention than did DIG participants between baseline and the end of the waiting period. DIG participants showed similar improvements to those in IIG following participation in VetChange. Alcohol problems were also reduced within each group between baseline and 3-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that VetChange is effective in reducing drinking and PTSD symptoms in OIF/OEF veterans. Further studies of VetChange are needed to assess web-based recruitment and retention methods and to determine VetChange's effectiveness in demographic and clinical sub-populations of returning veterans.
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Post-intervention, the intervention group significantly decreased alcohol use.
“Post-intervention: Intervention group significantly ↓ alcohol use.”
From Online and Mobile Interventions for Problem Gambling, Alcohol, and Drugs: A Systematic Review (2017) · cites this paper as Brief et al. (2013)
At 3-month follow-up, the intervention group continued to significantly decrease alcohol use.
“3-month follow-up, the intervention group continues to significantly ↓ alcohol use.”
From Online and Mobile Interventions for Problem Gambling, Alcohol, and Drugs: A Systematic Review (2017) · cites this paper as Brief et al. (2013)
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- Authors
- Brief, D. J., Rubin, A., Keane, T. M., Enggasser, J. L., Roy, M., Helmuth, E., Hermos, J., Lachowicz, M., Rybin, D., & Rosenbloom, D.
- Affiliations
- National Center for PTSD (US)
- VA Boston Healthcare System (US)
- Boston University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 890-900
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- PMC
- PMC9169869
- OpenAlex
- W2088572302
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 8.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (RC1AA019248)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- online intervention, combat veterans, Operation Enduring Freedom, Iraq War, alcohol abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder, heavy drinking, self-management, motivation enhancement, cognitive behavioral therapy, Facebook recruitment, delayed intervention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Alcoholism, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Time Factors, United States, Veterans, Comorbidity, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Internet, Iraq War, 2003-2011, Afghan Campaign 2001-
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