The DOI matches its Crossref record; 63 of the 63 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
B cells and autoantibodies: complex roles in CNS injury
Open accessAbstract
Emerging data indicate that traumatic injury to the brain or spinal cord activates B lymphocytes, culminating in the production of antibodies specific for antigens found within and outside the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we summarize what is known about the effects of CNS injury on B cells. We outline the potential mechanisms for CNS trauma-induced B cell activation and discuss the potential consequences of these injury-induced B cell responses. On the basis of recent data, we hypothesize that a subset of autoimmune B cell responses initiated by CNS injury are pathogenic and that targeted inhibition of B cells could improve recovery in cases of brain and spinal cord injury.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“However, the idea that the CNS is an immune privileged organ has been reconsidered, as the functional immune cells can enter the CNS through the BBB, the choroid plexus, and the lymphatic vessels and have been described beyond neuropathological conditions (26, 35–47).”
From The gut-brain axis: how microbiota and host inflammasome influence brain physiology and pathology (2020) · cites this paper as [38]
In the citing paper
“Among the molecules that can pass the BBB are also bacterial products and metabolites shaping not only the CNS development and functions (6, 15) but also the genesis of certain diseases (33–42).”
From The gut-brain axis: how microbiota and host inflammasome influence brain physiology and pathology (2020) · cites this paper as [38]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Myeloid-derived-suppressor cells as regulators of the immune system
Gabrilovich, D. I., & Nagaraj, S. (2009) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2506 · Cited by 6,753
Kigerl, K. A., Gensel, J. C., Ankeny, D. P., Alexander, J. K., Donnelly, D. J., & Popovich, P. G. (2009) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3257-09.2009 · Cited by 2,130
Chromatin–IgG complexes activate B cells by dual engagement of IgM and Toll-like receptors
Leadbetter, E. A., Rifkin, I. R., Hohlbaum, A. M., Beaudette-Zlatanova, B. C., Shlomchik, M. J., & Marshak‐Rothstein, A. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/416603a · Cited by 1,929
Tracey, K. J. (2009) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2566 · Cited by 1,154
Anti-inflammatory Activity of IVIG Mediated Through the Inhibitory Fc Receptor
Samuelsson, A., Towers, T. L., & Ravetch, J. V. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.291.5503.484 · Cited by 1,051
Th17 and regulatory T cells in mediating and restraining inflammation
Littman, D. R., & Rudensky, A. Y. (2010) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.02.021 · Cited by 1,039
Autoimmune Disease and Impaired Uptake of Apoptotic Cells in MFG-E8-Deficient Mice
Hanayama, R., Tanaka, M., Miyasaka, K., Aozasa, K., Koike, M., Uchiyama, Y., & Nagata, S. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1094359 · Cited by 992
Autonomic innervation and regulation of the immune system (1987–2007)
Nance, D. M., & Sanders, V. M. (2007) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2007.03.008 · Cited by 855
DeGiorgio, L. A., Konstantinov, K. N., Lee, S. C., Hardin, J., Volpe, B. T., & Diamond, B. (2001) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1101-1189 · Cited by 798
Effector and regulatory B cells: modulators of CD4+ T cell immunity
Lund, F. E., & Randall, T. D. (2010) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2729 · Cited by 636
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: An Overview of Pathophysiology, Models and Acute Injury Mechanisms
Alizadeh, A., Dyck, S. M., & Karimi‐Abdolrezaee, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00282 · Cited by 1,509
The gut-brain axis: how microbiota and host inflammasome influence brain physiology and pathology
Rutsch, A., Kantsjö, J. B., & Ronchi, F. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.604179 · Cited by 821
B-Lymphocyte-Mediated Delayed Cognitive Impairment following Stroke
Doyle, K. P., Quach, L. N., Solé, M., Axtell, R. C., Nguyen, T. V., Soler-Llavina, G. J., Jurado, S., Han, J., Steinman, L., Longo, F. M., et al. (2015) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4098-14.2015 · Cited by 338
Consequences of Repeated Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Football Players
Marchi, N., Bazarian, J. J., Puvenna, V., Janigro, M., Ghosh, C., Zhong, J., Zhu, T., Blackman, E. G., Stewart, D., Ellis, J., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056805 · Cited by 296
Schwab, J. M., Zhang, Y., Kopp, M. A., Brommer, B., & Popovich, P. G. (2014) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.04.023 · Cited by 260
“Each has been implicated in progression of secondary injury after SCI (Ankeny and Popovich, 2010).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Ankeny, D. P., & Popovich, P. G.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Popovich, Phillip G.
- ORCID
- Popovich, Phillip G.
- Venue
- Trends in Immunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-09
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 332-338
- ISSN
- 1471-4906 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2933277
- OpenAlex
- W2148945613
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 0.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Trends in Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS047175)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Keywords
- B cells, autoantibodies, central nervous system injury, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, B cell activation, autoimmunity, B cell inhibition, injury recovery
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autoantibodies, B-Lymphocytes, Central Nervous System, Humans, Lymphocyte Activation, Autoimmunity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review