Cited by 269Antiplatelet Therapy and Cardiovascular DiseasesAtrial Fibrillation Management and OutcomesCoronary Interventions and Diagnostics

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Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Therapy Use in 426 Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Stent Implantation

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Ruiz-Nodar, Juan M., Marín, Francisco, Hurtado, José Antonio, Valencia, José, Pinar, Eduardo, Pineda, Javier, Gimeno, Juan Ramón, Sogorb, Francisco, Valdés, Mariano, Lip, Gregory Y.H.·2008·Journal of the American College of Cardiology

DOI 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.11.035

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Abstract

Objectives This study was designed to review outcomes in relation to antithrombotic therapy management strategies for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting.Background There is limited evidence on the optimal antithrombotic therapy management strategies for patients with AF who undergo PCI with stenting.Methods We reviewed 426 patients (70.9% men, mean age 71.5 +/- 8.5 years) with AF undergoing PCI with stenting between 2001 and 2006. We recorded clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients, stroke risk factors, and antithrombotic therapy use before PCI and at discharge. Clinical follow-up was performed, and all bleeding episodes, thromboembolism, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (i.e., death, acute myocardial infarction, or target lesion revascularization) were recorded.Results The most commonly associated comorbidities were hypertension (74.5%), diabetes mellitus (40.2%), chronic renal failure (14.9%), and congestive heart failure (26.7%); 80% of patients had >or=2 stroke risk factors. Of the drugs prescribed at discharge, aspirin plus clopidogrel were used in 174 patients (40.8%), whereas 213 patients (50%) were discharged with triple therapy (coumarins, aspirin, and clopidogrel). Complete follow-up was achieved in 87.5% (median 594 days; range 0 to 2,190). The incidence of adverse events was high (36.6%), with major bleeding in 12.3%, thromboembolic events in 4.2%, and MACE in 32.3%. All-cause mortality was high (22.6%). In a multivariate analysis, non-anticoagulation with coumarins increased mortality (17.8% vs. 27.8%; hazard ratio [HR] = 3.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.61 to 7.54; p = 0.002) and MACE (26.5% vs. 38.7%; HR = 4.9; 95% CI 2.17 to 11.1; p < 0.01) In a Cox-regression analysis, non-anticoagulation (p < 0.01) and age (p = 0.02) were independent predictors of MACE.Conclusions Patients with AF undergoing PCI with stenting represent a high-risk population because of age, comorbidities, and presence of stroke risk factors. These patients have a high mortality and MACE rate, which is reduced by anticoagulation therapy.

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BackgroundInfluential
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Result
2014 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization
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2014 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization
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BackgroundInfluential
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“seems to be suboptimal in the prevention of myocardial infarction.(20,21) A trend towards worse outcomes was observed in patients with AF receiving warfarin and a single antiplatelet agent.”
Influential
Consensus Document: Antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing coronary stenting
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“In practice, it appears that both antiplatelet agents are used but the combination of aspirin and warfarin is more common (6, 21, 85).”
Background
Long-Term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Coronary Stenting on Dual Oral Antiplatelet Treatment Requiring Oral Anticoagulant Therapy
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“In a small study, Ruiz-Nodar et al.(22) have shown that of the patients with chronic AF who undergo PCI, 55% are treated with triple therapy, and of patients with paroxysmal AF, 41% were discharged on triple therapy.”
Background
2015 ESC Guidelines for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Presenting Without Persistent ST-segment Elevation
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“(16) retrospective, two-center bleeding, thromboembolism MACE within population 20 months”
BackgroundInfluential
Increased Major Bleeding Complications Related to Triple Antithrombotic Therapy Usage in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Artery Stenting
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Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Coronary Stenting
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“Although previous studies have found that bleeding risk is higher among patients receiving triple therapy (4–6), some data also suggest a lower risk of MACE among patients treated with triple therapy relative to DAPT (7,8).”
Result
“Triple Therapy” Rather Than “Triple Threat”
Zhao, H., Zheng, Z., Wang, Z., Li, S., Zhang, Y., Zhong, M., & Zhang, W. (2011) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.09-3083 · Cited by 97
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Contemporary Management of Atrial Fibrillation: Update on Anticoagulation and Invasive Management Strategies
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Therapeutic strategies after coronary stenting in chronically anticoagulated patients: the MUSICA study
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“describing a series of patients with AF who demonstrated improved survival and lower rate of adverse events in patients who were receiving OAT. In their study, patients were not stratified according to thromboembolic risk, although the authors describe their population as high risk. Additional important methodological…”
Background
Design and rationale of the WOEST trial: What is the Optimal antiplatElet and anticoagulant therapy in patients with oral anticoagulation and coronary StenTing (WOEST)
Dewilde, W., & ten Berg, J. M. (2009) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2009.09.001 · Cited by 68
Should We Recommend Oral Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Coronary Artery Stenting With a High HAS-BLED Bleeding Risk Score?
Ruiz-Nodar, J. M., Marín, F. R., Roldán, V., Valencia, J., Manzano‐Fernández, S., Caballero, L., Hurtado, J. A., Sogorb, F., Valdés, M., & Lip, G. Y. H. (2012) · Circulation Cardiovascular Interventions · doi:10.1161/circinterventions.112.968792 · Cited by 67
Meta-analysis of the combination of warfarin and dual antiplatelet therapy after coronary stenting in patients with indications for chronic oral anticoagulation
Gao, F., Zhou, Y. J., Wang, Z. J., Yang, S. W., Nie, B., Liu, X. L., Jia, D. A., & Yan, Z. X. (2010) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.11.019 · Cited by 65
Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Adjusted Observational Results of Use of Clopidogrel, Aspirin, and Oral Anticoagulants in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
D’Ascenzo, F., Taha, S., Moretti, C., Omedè, P., Marra, W. G., Persson, J., Lamberts, M., Dewilde, W., Rubboli, A., Manzano‐Fernández, S., et al. (2015) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.02.003 · Cited by 65
Concomitant use of warfarin and ticagrelor as an alternative to triple antithrombotic therapy after an acute coronary syndrome
Braun, O. Ö., Bico, B., Chaudhry, U. A., Wagner, H., Koul, S. M., Tydén, P., Scherstén, F., Jovinge, S. V., Svensson, P. J., Smith, J. G., et al. (2014) · Thrombosis Research · doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2014.10.016 · Cited by 60
“However, patients with dual antiplatelet therapy and prolongedwarfarin interruption in this setting have a threefold increased risk of stroke or thromboembolic events [1,10], and dual antiplatelet therapy is associated with lower rates of death and myocardial infarction compared to aspirin and warfarin alone [8,11].”
Background
Atrial Fibrillation
Camm, A. J., Savelieva, I., Ho, S. Y., Lindsay, B. D., Nattel, S., & Shinagawa, K. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-0285-9.00044-2 · Cited by 60
Autonomic Dysfunction and New‐Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A CARISMA Substudy
Jøns, C., Raatikainen, P. M. J., Gang, U. J. O., Huikuri, H. V., Joergensen, R. M., Johannesen, A., Dixen, U., Messier, M., McNitt, S. A., Thomsen, P. E. B., et al. (2010) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2010.01795.x · Cited by 57
Anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
Goto, K., Nakai, K., Shizuta, S., Morimoto, T., Shiomi, H., Natsuaki, M., Yahata, M., Ota, C., Ono, K., Makiyama, T., et al. (2014) · American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.03.060 · Cited by 55
“Most previous studies, indeed, showed high hemorrhagic risk for triple therapy, 2-7 up to 6 times higher than no-triple therapy.2 OAC with dose-adjusted warfarin as compared to either placebo, aspirin, or DAPT was associated with marked risk reduction for stroke in randomized controlled trials.14,15 Furthermore, sever…”
BackgroundInfluential
Triple Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Dewilde, W. J. M., Janssen, P. W. A., Verheugt, F. W. A., Storey, R. F., Adriaenssens, T., Hansen, M. L., Lamberts, M., & ten Berg, J. M. (2014) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.06.1193 · Cited by 51
Efficacy and safety of drug-eluting stent use in patients with atrial fibrillation
Ruiz-Nodar, J. M., Marín, F. R., Sánchez–Payá, J., Hurtado, J. A., Valencia-Martin, J., Manzano‐Fernández, S., Roldán, V., Pérez-Andreu, V., Sogorb, F., Valdés, M., et al. (2008) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp045 · Cited by 51
“discharge.(12) Indeed, triple therapy is the first option for these patients unless haemorrhagic risk contraindicates it.”
Background
Anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing coronary stent implantation
Bernard, A., Fauchier, L., Pellegrin, C., Clementy, N., Etienne, C. S., Banerjee, A., Naudin, D., & Angoulvant, D. (2013) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1160/th13-04-0351 · Cited by 55
“found in a multivariate analysis that lack of OAC increased mortality and MACE (10).”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Prophylactic Warfarin Therapy After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Anterior ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
May, M. R. L., Acharya, S., Wells, G. A., Burwash, I. G., Chong, A., So, D. Y. F., Glover, C. A., Froeschl, M. P. V., Hibbert, B. M., Marquis, J.-F., et al. (2014) · JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.jcin.2014.07.018 · Cited by 47
“In 1 retrospective study involving 426 patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing coronary stenting, nonanticoagulation with warfarin was an independent predictor of increased mortality (19).”
Background
Triple antithrombotic management after stent implantation: when and how?
Schömig, A., Sarafoff, N., & Seyfarth, M. (2009) · Heart · doi:10.1136/hrt.2008.160457 · Cited by 43
Therapeutic Controversies: Aspirin, Clopidogrel, and Warfarin: Is the Combination Appropriate and Effective or Inappropriate and Too Dangerous?
Hermosillo, A. J., & Spinler, S. A. (2008) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1345/aph.1k591 · Cited by 44
Hotline update of clinical trials and registries presented at the German Cardiac Society meeting 2008
Maier, L. S., Maack, C., Ritter, O., & Böhm, M. (2008) · Clinical Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00392-008-0664-7 · Cited by 42
Impact of Periprocedural Atrial Fibrillation on Short-Term Clinical Outcomes Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Chan, W., Ajani, A. E., Clark, D., Stub, D. A., Andrianopoulos, N., Brennan, A., New, G., Sebastian, M., Johnston, R., Walton, A., et al. (2011) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.10.004 · Cited by 40
“The investigators concluded that hese patients represented a high-risk population because of ge and co-morbidities, with a high long-term mortality and ajor adverse cardiac event rate, but it lacked a control roup for comparison.(4) A second reason accounting for the poorer clinical outcomes in patients with AF underg…”
Background
Antithrombotics
Verheugt, F. W. A., ten Berg, J. M., Storey, R. F., Cuisset, T., & Granger, C. B. (2019) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.02.080 · Cited by 40
Prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: current strategies and future directions
Hohnloser, S. H., Duray, G. Z., Baber, U., & Halperin, J. L. (2008) · European Heart Journal Supplements · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/sun029 · Cited by 34
Transradial access versus transfemoral access: a comparison of outcomes and efficacy in reducing hemorrhagic events
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Triple antithrombotic therapy in cardiac patients: more questions than answers.
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“Riuz-Nodar et al.(29) Retrospective, single-centre 426 594 days DAPT vs.”
Background
Balancing the Risk of Bleeding and Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (from the AVIATOR Registry)
Mennuni, M. G., Halperin, J. L., Bansilal, S., Schoos, M. M., Theodoropoulos, K. N., Meelu, O. A., Sartori, S., Giacoppo, D., Bernelli, C., Moreno, P., et al. (2015) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.03.033 · Cited by 31
Impact of anticoagulant therapy with dual antiplatelet therapy on prognosis after treatment with drug-eluting coronary stents
Uchida, Y., Mori, F., Ogawa, H., Takagi, A., & Hagiwara, N. (2010) · Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2009.12.014 · Cited by 30
Duration of Triple Antithrombotic Therapy and Outcomes Among Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Koskinas, K. C., Räber, L., Zanchin, T., Pilgrim, T., Stortecky, S., Hunziker, L., Blöchlinger, S., Billinger, M., Gartwyl, F., Moro, C., et al. (2016) · JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.jcin.2016.04.027 · Cited by 30
“Long-term TAT increases the risk for bleeding, including major and fatal bleeding (14–16,25), but may be more effective and in selected studies appeared to improve patient outcomes compared with DAPT alone (12,13).”
Background
Antithrombotic Therapy After Coronary Stenting in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation
Ho, K. W., Ivanov, J., Freixa, X., Overgaard, C. B., Osten, M., Ing, D. J., Horlick, E. M., Mackie, K., Seidelin, P. H., & Džavík, V. (2012) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2012.08.008 · Cited by 28
“Triple Therapy” or Triple Threat?
Francescone, S., & Halperin, J. L. (2008) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.11.034 · Cited by 28
Guía ESC 2020 sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento del síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del segmento ST
Collet, J., Thiele, H., Barbato, E., Barthélémy, O., Bauersachs, J. K., Bhatt, D. L., Dendale, P., Dorobanţu, M., Edvardsen, T., Folliguet, T. A., et al. (2021) · Revista Española de Cardiología · doi:10.1016/j.recesp.2020.12.024 · Cited by 38
Long-term mortality of patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation for acute and stable coronary artery disease
Rohla, M., Vennekate, C. K., Tentzeris, I., Freynhofer, M. K., Farhan, S., Egger, F., Weiss, T. W., Wojta, J., Granger, C. B., & Huber, K. (2015) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.02.004 · Cited by 27
The Use of Antithrombotic Therapies in the Prevention and Treatment of Arterial and Venous Thrombosis
Arepally, G. M., Bauer, K. A., Bhatt, D. L., Merli, G. J., Naccarelli, G. V., Carter, R. D., Karcher, R. B., Berry, C. A., Keaton, K. L., & Stowell, S. A. (2010) · Critical Pathways in Cardiology A Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine · doi:10.1097/hpc.0b013e3181d24562 · Cited by 27
Long-term safety and efficacy of dual therapy with oral anticoagulation and clopidogrel in patients with atrial fibrillation treated with drug-eluting stents
Seivani, Y., Abdel‐Wahab, M., Geist, V., Richardt, G., Sulimov, D. S., El‐Mawardy, M., Töelg, R., & Akın, İ. (2013) · Clinical Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00392-013-0592-z · Cited by 26
“However, a combination of both treatment strategies as a ‘‘triple-therapy’’ is known to increase the risk of bleeding complications, which is associated with worse clinical outcomes [6, 7, 14, 15].”
Early and late increased bleeding rates after angioplasty and stenting due to combined antiplatelet and anticoagulanttherapy
Hälg, C., Rocca, H. B., Kaiser, C. A., Jeger, R. V., Osswald, S., Pfisterer, M. E., & Hoffmann, A. (2009) · EuroIntervention · doi:10.4244/eijv5i4a67 · Cited by 26
Patient Characteristics Associated With the Choice of Triple Antithrombotic Therapy in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Depta, J. P., Cannon, C. P., Fonarow, G. C., Zhao, X., Peacock, W. F., & Bhatt, D. L. (2009) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.06.027 · Cited by 26
Antithrombotic Regimens for Patients Taking Oral Anticoagulation After Coronary Intervention: A Meta‐analysis of 16 Clinical Trials and 9185 Patients
Gao, X., Chen, Y., Fan, Z., Jiang, X., Wang, Z., Li, B., Mao, W., Zhang, J., & Chen, S. (2015) · Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.1002/clc.22411 · Cited by 25
Rationale and design of the RT-AF study: Combination of rivaroxaban and ticagrelor in patients with atrial fibrillation and coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
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“Based on WOEST trial [8], ATLAS ACS 2–TIMI 51 trial [19] and the results from retrospective studies [28,29], 14% of bleeding complications in the dual therapy group, and 28% of bleeding in the triple therapy group during 12 months are anticipated.”
Method
Anticoagulant and/or Antiplatelet Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Mäegdefessel, L., Schlitt, A., Faerber, J., Bond, S. P., Messow, C., Buerke, M., Raaz, U., Werdan, K., Münzel, T. F., & Weiß, C. H. (2008) · Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · doi:10.1007/s00063-008-1101-4 · Cited by 25
“Stent thrombosis was also rare in the triple-therapy group in comparison to other therapy groups [16, 19, 22 ].”
BackgroundResult
Optimal long-term antithrombotic treatment of patients with stable coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation: “OLTAT registry”
Fischer, Q., Georges, J., Feuvre, C. L., Sharma, A., Hammoudi, N., Berman, E., Cohen, S., Jolivet, I., Silvain, J., & Helft, G. (2018) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.018 · Cited by 25
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy with or without warfarin in patients with a clinical indication for DAPT and chronic anticoagulation: A meta‐analysis of observational studies
Bavishi, C., Koulova, A., Bangalore, S., Sawant, A. S., Chatterjee, S., Ather, S., Valencia, J., Sarafoff, N., Rubboli, A., Airaksinen, J. K. E., et al. (2015) · Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions · doi:10.1002/ccd.26234 · Cited by 24
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Background
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Effects of Triple Therapy in Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Regarding Thromboembolic Risk Stratification
Sambola, A., Mutuberría, M., del Blanco, B. G., Alonso, A., Barrabés, J. A., Alfonso, F., Bueno, H., Cequier, A. R., Zueco, J., Oriol Rodríguez-leor, C., et al. (2015) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-15-0923 · Cited by 25
Antithrombotic management in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing coronary stent implantation: What is the impact of guideline adherence?
Ancédy, Y., Lecoq, C., Etienne, C. S., Ivanés, F., Angoulvant, D., Babuty, D., Lip, G. Y. H., & Fauchier, L. (2015) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.11.090 · Cited by 24
Efficacy and safety of aspirin, clopidogrel, and warfarin after coronary artery stenting in Korean patients with atrial fibrillation
Suh, S. Y., Kang, W. C., Oh, P. C., Choi, H., Moon, C. I., Lee, K., Han, S. H., Ahn, T., Choi, I. S., & Shin, E. K. (2013) · Heart and Vessels · doi:10.1007/s00380-013-0399-x · Cited by 23
Bare-Metal vs. Drug-Eluting Stents in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Kiviniemi, T., Puurunen, M. K., Schlitt, A., Rubboli, A., Karjalainen, P. P., Nammas, W., Kirchhof, P. F., Biancari, F., Lip, G. Y. H., & Airaksinen, J. K. E. (2014) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-14-0792 · Cited by 23
2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation
Roffi, M., Patrono, C., Collet, J.-P., Mueller, C., Valgimigli, M., Andreotti, F., Bax, J. J., Borger, M. A., Brotons, C., Chew, D. P., et al. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv320 · Cited by 8,261
Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Major Bleeding Complications and Mortality in Patients With Indication for Oral Anticoagulation Undergoing Coronary Stenting
Manzano‐Fernández, S., Marín, F. R., Pastor‐Pérez, F. J., Martínez, C. C., Cambronero, F., Lacunza, J., Pinar, E., Pascual-Figal, D. A., Valdés, M., & Lip, G. Y. H. (2008) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.08-1425 · Cited by 22
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Triple antithrombotic therapy versus dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing drug-eluting stent implantation
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Authors: Ruiz-Nodar, J. M., Marín, F., Hurtado, J. A., Valencia, J., Pinar, E., Pineda, J., Gimeno, J. R., Sogorb, F., Valdés, M., & Lip, G. Y. H.
Affiliations: Hospital General Universitario de Alicante Doctor Balmis (ES)
Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (ES)
Birmingham City Hospital (GB)
Corresponding author: Lip, Gregory Y.H.
ORCID: Ruiz-Nodar, Juan M.
Marín, Francisco
Valencia, José
Pinar, Eduardo
Pineda, Javier
Gimeno, Juan Ramón
Sogorb, Francisco
Lip, Gregory Y.H.
Venue: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2008-02
Volume: 51
Issue: 8
Pages: 818-825
ISSN: 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.11.035
OpenAlex: W1475865131
Cited by: 269
References: 25
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 15
FWCI: 24.00
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 2029 d)
Locations: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Antiplatelet Therapy and Cardiovascular Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Coronary Interventions and Diagnostics
Keywords: atrial fibrillation, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary stenting, antithrombotic therapy, anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy, clopidogrel, aspirin, coumarins, triple therapy, major adverse cardiac events, major bleeding, thromboembolism, all-cause mortality, stroke risk factors, dual antiplatelet therapy
MeSH terms: Aged, Anticoagulants, Atrial Fibrillation, Female, Heart Diseases, Humans, Male, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Thromboembolism, Stents, Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary, Postoperative Hemorrhage

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Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Therapy Use in 426 Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Stent Implantation

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