Calcific Aortic Stenosis
Open accessAbstract
Although aortic stenosis is a common condition associated with major morbidity, mortality, and health economic costs, there are currently no medical interventions capable of delaying or halting its progression. Re-evaluation of the underlying pathophysiology is therefore required so that novel therapeutic strategies can be developed. Aortic stenosis is characterized by progressive aortic valve narrowing and secondary left ventricular hypertrophy. Both processes are important because in combination they drive the development of symptoms and adverse events that characterize the latter stages of the disease. In this review, the authors examine the pathophysiology of aortic stenosis with respect to both the valve and the myocardium. In particular, the authors focus on the role of inflammation, fibrosis, and calcification in progressive valve narrowing and then examine the development of left ventricular hypertrophy, its subsequent decompensation, and the transition to heart failure. Finally the authors discuss potential therapeutic strategies on the basis of similarities aortic stenosis shares with other pathological conditions.
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This LV response considerably influences the morbidity and mortality of aortic stenosis.
“In many ways, this LV response considerably influences the morbidity and mortality of the disease199;257–260.”
From Calcific aortic stenosis (2016) · cites this paper as [259]
The LV response to chronic pressure overload from aortic stenosis is characterized by hypertrophic remodelling with myocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis, and by diastolic and systolic dysfunction.
“The LV response to chronic pressure overload from AS is characterized by hypertrophic remodelling (myocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis) and diastolic and systolic dysfunction.”
From Calcific aortic stenosis (2016) · cites this paper as [259]
Degenerative AS involves progressive fibro-calcific remodeling of the leaflets.
“The pathophysiology is complex and involves a progressive fibro-calcific remodeling of the leaflets that leads to restrictive opening and ultimately myocardial remodeling3.”
From Characterization of Aortic Valve Stenosis by CT Angiography in a Diverse US Cohort (2025) · cites this paper as [3]
The most common cause of non-congenital aortic constriction is aortic valve calcification, a gradual process leading to progressive hypertrophy and heart failure.
“The most common cause of non-congenital aortic constriction is calcification of aortic valve which is a gradual progressive and not sudden process resulting in progressive cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (Dweck, Boon, & Newby, 2012; Nishimura, 2002).”
From Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages (2014) · cites this paper as Dweck, Boon, & Newby, 2012
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- Authors
- Dweck, M. R., Boon, N. A., & Newby, D. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Dweck, Marc R.
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-11
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 1854-1863
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W195414628
- Cited by
- 692
- References
- 108
- Citations by year
- 2026: 49 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 65 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 48 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 17.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- British Heart Foundation (FS/10/026/28209, FS/10/026)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Aortic Disease and Treatment Approaches
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Keywords
- calcific aortic stenosis, aortic valve calcification, left ventricular hypertrophy, inflammation, fibrosis, heart failure, left ventricular decompensation, pathophysiology, treatment options
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Aortic Valve Stenosis, Calcinosis, Heart Valve Diseases, Humans, Cardiomyopathies, Myocardium
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