The Prevalence, Incidence, Progression, and Risks of Aortic Valve Sclerosis
Open accessAbstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to comprehensively review the epidemiology of aortic sclerosis (ASc) and its association with cardiovascular events.Background ASc, which is defined as thickening or calcification of the aortic valve without significant obstruction of blood flow, is a common finding on cardiac imaging.Methods We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception to April 2013 for studies describing the epidemiology of ASc and performed a meta-analysis of the risk of adverse events using a random effects model.Results Twenty-two studies were identified from the systematic review. The prevalence of ASc increased in proportion to the average age of study participants, ranging from 9% in a study in which the mean age was 54 years to 42% in a study in which the mean age was 81 years. In total, 1.8% to 1.9% of participants with ASc had progression to clinical aortic stenosis per year. There was a 68% increased risk of coronary events in subjects with ASc (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31 to 2.15), a 27% increased risk of stroke (HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.60), a 69% increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.32 to 2.15), and a 36% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.59).Conclusions ASc is a common finding that is more prevalent with older age. Despite low rates of progression to ASc, there is an independent increase in morbidity and mortality associated with the condition.
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Among people with aortic sclerosis, progression to aortic stenosis occurs at a rate of 1.8-1.9% of patients per year.
“According to a recent meta-analysis, the rate of progression to AS in individuals with aortic sclerosis is 1.8–1.9% of patients per year11.”
From Calcific aortic stenosis (2016) · cites this paper as [11]
When lifespan or quality of life is profoundly limited by frailty, noncardiac disease, or mental or physical disability, the potential benefit of aortic valve replacement may be low.
“Therefore, when lifespan or quality of life is profoundly limited by frailty, noncardiac disease, mental or physical disability, the potential benefit of AVR may be low11.”
From Calcific aortic stenosis (2016) · cites this paper as [11]
The Significance of Aortic Valve Sclerosis section discusses cardiovascular risk and treatment of other risk factors in people with at least five years’ life expectancy, not the benefit of aortic valve replacement. Searches for frailty, disability, quality of life, and valve replacement found no passage addressing the claimed circumstances in which AVR may offer little benefit. The indexed passages provide no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Coffey, S., Cox, B., & Williams, M. J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- University of Otago (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Coffey, Sean
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-07
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- 2852-2861
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W95580629
- Cited by
- 255
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 9.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Tony Hocken Scholarship
- Director's Cancer Research Trust
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Aortic Disease and Treatment Approaches
- Keywords
- aortic valve sclerosis, aortic valve calcification, prevalence, incidence, disease progression, aortic stenosis, cardiovascular mortality, stroke, coronary events, all-cause mortality, age-related prevalence, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Aortic Valve Stenosis, Heart Rate, Humans, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Global Health, Incidence, Prevalence, Disease Progression
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