Cited by 854Sinusitis and nasal conditionsNasal Surgery and Airway StudiesOtolaryngology and Infectious Diseases

Rhinosinusitis: Establishing definitions for clinical research and patient care

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Meltzer, Eli O., Hamilos, Daniel L., Hadley, James A., Lanza, Donald C., Marple, Bradley F., Nicklas, Richard A., Bachert, Claus, Baraniuk, James +20 more·2004·Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.09.029

Cites

363 of 363 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • CRS patients must have objective evidence of sinonasal inflammation on nasal endoscopy (polyps, edema, mucopurulent rhinorrhea) or CT scans of the sinuses.

    “In addition, patients must have objective evidence of sinonasal inflammation on either nasal endoscopy (polyps, edema, mucopurulent rhinorrhea) or on CT scans of the sinuses.137,138,266,267”

    From International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (2018) · cites this paper as [267]

    The consensus research definitions (page not provided) require objective evidence of CRS, including endoscopic findings such as polyps, discolored mucus, or edema. But they require a positive sinus CT as well as examination—not either one alone. The patient-care definitions (page not provided) say CT is not essential for clinical diagnosis and can establish it independently of examination only rarely. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • CRS is an inflammatory condition of the sinonasal cavity persisting for more than 12 weeks with at least 2 symptoms of nasal obstruction and congestion, mucopurulent nasal drainage, facial pressure or pain, and anosmia or hyposmia.

    “CRS is an inflammatory condition of the sinonasal cavity persisting for more than 12 weeks with at least 2 symptoms of nasal obstruction and congestion, mucopurulent nasal drainage (anterior or posterior), facial pressure or pain, and anosmia/hyposmia.1,137,138,266,267”

    From International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (2018) · cites this paper as [267]

    The consensus research definitions section describes CRS as inflammation lasting beyond 12 weeks and lists the same symptoms, with two or more making CRS strongly suspected. It does not treat those symptoms alone as an established diagnosis: objective documentation is required, and the paper notes that CRS can occasionally be diagnosed from incidental imaging findings without symptoms. No page number is available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • CRS is divided into 2 main phenotypic groups: CRSwNP and CRSsNP.

    “CRS is divided into 2 main phenotypic groups: CRSwNP and CRSsNP.”
  • ARS is defined as sudden onset of sinonasal symptoms with sinonasal inflammation lasting less than 4 weeks.

    “ARS is defined as the sudden onset of sinonasal symptoms with associated sinonasal inflammation that lasts less than 4 weeks.1,137,138,266,267”
  • ARS symptoms include nasal congestion, nasal obstruction or nasal discharge, and facial pressure or pain, or anosmia or hyposmia.

    “Symptoms include nasal congestion, nasal obstruction or nasal discharge, and facial pressure or pain, or anosmia/hyposmia.”

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Cites

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Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. [11]Medicode. ICD-9-CM Expert for Hospitals 6th ed 2003 Ingenix-St Anthony's Press 137 139
  2. [19]Gwaltney J. Heinz B. Rhinovirus Richman D. Whitley R. Hayden F. Clinical virology 2nd ed. 2002 ASM Press Portland (OR) 995 1018
  3. [165]May M. Levine H. Schaitkin B. Results of surgery Levine H. May M. Rhinology and sinusology 1993 Thieme Medical Publishing New York 105 125
  4. [197]Pawankar R. Mast cells in rhinitis Watanabe T. Timmerman H. Yanai K. Histamine research in the new millennium 2001 Elsevier Science Amsterdam 369 374
  5. [342]Sinus and Allergy HealthPartnership Antimicrobial treatment guidelines for acute bacterial sinusitis Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 123 suppl 2000 S4 S31 10887346

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Authors
Meltzer, E. O., Hamilos, D. L., Hadley, J. A., Lanza, D. C., Marple, B. F., Nicklas, R. A., Bachert, C., Baraniuk, J., Baroody, F. M., Benninger, M. S., Brook, I., Chowdhury, B. A., Druce, H. M., Durham, S., Ferguson, B., Gwaltney, J. M., Kaliner, M., Kennedy, D. W., Lund, V., Naclerio, R., Pawankar, R., Piccirillo, J. F., Rohane, P., Simon, R., Slavin, R. G., Togias, A., Wald, E. R., & Zinreich, S. J.
Affiliations
  • Allergy and Asthma Medical Group and Research Center (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
  • University of Rochester (US)
  • Florida Institute of Oceanography (US)
  • The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
  • George Washington University (US)
  • Ghent University (BE)
  • Georgetown University (US)
  • University of Chicago (US)
  • Henry Ford Health (US)
  • Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (US)
  • Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (US)
  • Imperial College London (GB)
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
  • University of Virginia (US)
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
  • University College London (GB)
  • Nippon Medical School (JP)
  • Washington University in St. Louis (US)
  • Celgene (United States) (US)
  • Scripps Clinic (US)
  • Saint Louis University (US)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author
Meltzer, Eli O.
Venue
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2004-12
Volume
114
Issue
6
Pages
155-212
ISSN
0091-6749 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2129761445
Cited by
854
References
363
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 55 · 2013: 55 · 2012: 59
FWCI
36.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Georgetown University
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Otorhinolaryngology › Sinusitis and nasal conditions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Otolaryngology and Infectious Diseases
Keywords
sinusitis, clinical definition, consensus definition, acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, clinical trial design, quality of life instruments, radiographic evaluation, diagnosis
MeSH terms
Clinical Trials as Topic, Patient Care, Humans, Rhinitis, Sinusitis, Guidelines as Topic

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