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Natural course and comorbidities of allergic and nonallergic rhinitis in children
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Background Not much data are available from large, unselected, birth cohort studies on the natural course and comorbidities of rhinitis in children.Objective To study phenotypes of rhinitis in relation to the natural course and comorbidities of allergic diseases in preschool-age and early school-age children.Methods We analyzed data from a birth cohort of 2024 children, for whom information on IgEs against 8 common inhaled allergens was available, collected at age 4 and 8 years. The children were assigned to groups of allergic rhinitis (rhinitis with sensitization to allergens), nonallergic rhinitis (rhinitis without sensitization), allergic sensitization but no rhinitis, or neither rhinitis nor sensitization.Results The proportion of children with allergic rhinitis increased from 5% to 14% from age 4 to 8 years, whereas the proportion of children with nonallergic rhinitis decreased slightly over the same period of development, from 8% to 6%. Of the children with allergic rhinitis when they were 4 years old, 12% underwent remission by the time they were 8 years old; of the children with nonallergic rhinitis, 73% underwent remission during this period of development. Among 4-year-olds without rhinitis who were sensitized to allergen, 56% had allergic rhinitis when they were 8 years old. Among 4- and 8-year-olds, allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis were associated with asthma, eczema, and food hypersensitivity. Twenty-five percent of 8-year-olds with allergic rhinitis also had oral allergy syndrome.Conclusions Fewer preschool-age children with allergic rhinitis undergo remission than do those with nonallergic rhinitis. Sensitization to inhaled allergens at an early age (4 years) precedes the development of allergic rhinitis, whereas symptoms of rhinitis do not. Oral allergy syndrome is common among 8-year-olds with allergic rhinitis.
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“In longitudinal studies, AR often occurs for the first time in childhood and increases in prevalence with increasing age.467-471”
From International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (2018) · cites this paper as [471]
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“Most children with symptoms of AR early in life have persistent symptoms for several years.469-471”
From International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (2018) · cites this paper as [471]
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Mansi, N. (2012) · The Open Medical Devices Journal · doi:10.2174/1875181401204010080 · Cited by 2
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Ballardini, N. (2013) · Figshare
From THE INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
Giuseppe, D. D. (2014)
Paraskevopoulos, G., & Kalogiros, L. A. (2016) · Current Treatment Options in Allergy · doi:10.1007/s40521-016-0072-6
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Emanuelsson, C. A., & Makwana, N. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28690-2_6
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Metadata
- Authors
- Westman, M., Stjärne, P., Asarnoj, A., Kull, I., van Hage, M., Wickman, M., & Toskala, E.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
- Corresponding author
- Westman, Marit
- Venue
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-02
- Volume
- 129
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 403-408
- ISSN
- 0091-6749 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1985793013
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 6.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Stockholms Läns Landsting
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Keywords
- allergic rhinitis, non-allergic rhinitis, natural history (disease), remission, comorbidities, IgE, preschool children, younger schoolchildren, asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, oral allergy syndrome, birth cohort
- MeSH terms
- Allergens, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin E, Male, Rhinitis, Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial, Sweden, Cohort Studies, Comorbidity
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