Increased serum IgA and IgM against LPS of enterobacteria in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): Indication for the involvement of gram-negative enterobacteria in the etiology of CFS and for the presence of an increased gut–intestinal permeability
Abstract
There is now evidence that chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is accompanied by immune disorders and by increased oxidative stress. The present study has been designed in order to examine the serum concentrations of IgA and IgM to LPS of gram-negative enterobacteria, i.e. Hafnia alvei; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Morganella morganii, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas putida, Citrobacter koseri, and Klebsiella pneumoniae in CFS patients, patients with partial CFS and normal controls. We found that the prevalences and median values for serum IgA against the LPS of enterobacteria are significantly greater in patients with CFS than in normal volunteers and patients with partial CFS. Serum IgA levels were significantly correlated to the severity of illness, as measured by the FibroFatigue scale and to symptoms, such as irritable bowel, muscular tension, fatigue, concentration difficulties, and failing memory. The results show that enterobacteria are involved in the etiology of CFS and that an increased gut-intestinal permeability has caused an immune response to the LPS of gram-negative enterobacteria. It is suggested that all patients with CFS should be checked by means of the IgA panel used in the present study and accordingly should be treated for increased gut permeability.
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Increased intestinal permeability has been described in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and complex regional pain syndrome.
“Increased intestinal permeability has also been described in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS),37 fibromyalgia, and complex regional pain syndrome.38”
From The Gut Microbiome and the Brain (2014) · cites this paper as [37]
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- Authors
- Maes, M., Mihaylova, I., & Leunis, J.-C.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Maes, Michael
- ORCID
- Maes, Michael
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-04
- Volume
- 99
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 237-240
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2051587834
- Cited by
- 197
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Keywords
- chronic fatigue syndrome, serum IgA, serum IgM, lipopolysaccharide, gram-negative enterobacteria, intestinal permeability, Hafnia alvei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas putida, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, Citrobacter koseri, immune response, fatigue severity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin M, Lipopolysaccharides, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values, Risk Factors, Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic, Bacterial Translocation
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