Cited by 163Physical Activity and HealthCardiovascular and exercise physiologyCardiac Health and Mental Health

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Exercise improves cardiorespiratory fitness in people with depression: A meta-analysis of randomized control trials

Stubbs, Brendon, Rosenbaum, Simon, Vancampfort, Davy, Ward, Philip B., Schuch, Felipe B.·2016·Journal of Affective Disorders

DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2015.10.010

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Abstract

Objective Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. CRF improves in response to exercise interventions, yet the effectiveness of such interventions to improve CRF among people with depression is unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate whether CRF improves in people with depression in exercise randomized control trials (RCTs).Method Three authors identified RCTs from a recent Cochrane review and conducted updated searches of major electronic databases. We included RCTs of exercise interventions in people with depression (including major depressive disorder (MDD) and above-threshold depressive symptoms) that reported CRF (defined as predicted maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max predicted) or peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak)) versus a control condition. A random effects meta-analysis was conducted.Results Seven unique RCTs including 8 aerobic exercise interventions for depression were eligible, including 293 people allocated to exercise (mean age=40.3 years, range=27.2-64.7 years and 35-100% female) and 205 allocated to control conditions. Across all studies exercise results in a significant increase in CRF (g=0.64, 95%CI=0.32-0.96, p<0.001) equating to a mean increase of 3.05 ml/kg/min. Results remained significant when restricted to MDD only (N=5, g=0.41, 95%CI=0.18-0.64, p<0.001) and in high quality studies (N=5, g=0.60, 95%CI=0.19-1.00, p=0.004).Conclusions People with depression can achieve clinically relevant improvements in CRF in response to exercise interventions. Targeting 'fitness' rather than 'fatness' may be another feasible intervention strategy in this population.

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Authors: Stubbs, B., Rosenbaum, S., Vancampfort, D., Ward, P. B., & Schuch, F. B.
Affiliations: National Health Service (GB)
UNSW Sydney (AU)
KU Leuven (BE)
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
Corresponding author: Stubbs, Brendon
ORCID: Stubbs, Brendon
Rosenbaum, Simon
Vancampfort, Davy
Ward, Philip B.
Schuch, Felipe B.
Venue: Journal of Affective Disorders
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-01
Volume: 190
Pages: 249-253
ISSN: 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.10.010
OpenAlex: W2172569729
Cited by: 163
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 16
FWCI: 2.24
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Lirias (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
Keywords: cardiorespiratory fitness, depression, major depressive disorder, aerobic exercise, exercise intervention, VO2max, peak oxygen uptake, cardiovascular health
MeSH terms: Depression, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Physical Fitness, Exercise, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

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Exercise improves cardiorespiratory fitness in people with depression: A meta-analysis of randomized control trials

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